Archelaus
Could not find Archelaum in Logeion dictionaries.
Archelaum Proper-name noun: masculine genitive plural, Proper-name noun: masculine accusative singular of Archelaus
- A philosopher of Miletus, pupil of Anaxagoras, and teacher of Socrates, Cic. Tusc. 5, 4, 10.—
- II A king of Macedonia, son of Perdiccas, and friend of Euripides, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34; Just. 7, 4; Gell. 15, 20, 9.—
- III A king of Cappadocia, in the time of Tiberius, and author of a work, περὶ λίθων, Plin. 37, 3, 11, § 46; cf. Tac. A. 2, 42; Suet. Tib. 37 fin. —
- IV A general of Mithridates, Gell. 15, 1, 4 sq.—
- V His son, the rival of King Ptolemy Auletes of Egypt, slain by Gabinius, Cic. Rab. Post. 8.
- 1. Gr. filosoof uit Milete, leerling v. Anaxagoras (5e eeuw v. Chr.);
- 2. koning v. Macedonië (413—399 v. Chr.).
(Ἀρχέλαος), a son of Temenus, a Heraclid, who, when expelled by his brothers, fled to king Cisseus in Macedonia. Cisseus promised him the succession to his throne and the hand of his daughter, if he would assist him against his neighbouring enemies. Archelaus performed what was asked of him; but when, after the defeat of the enemy, he claimed the fulfilment of the promise, Cisseus had a hole dug in the earth, filled it with burning coals, and covered it over with branches, that Archelaus might fall into it. The plan was discovered, and Cisseus himself was thrown into the pit by Archelaus, who then fled, but at the command of Apollo built the town of Aegae on a spot to which he was led by a goat. According to some accounts, Alexander the Great was a descendant of Archelaus. (Hyg. Fab. 219.) Two other mythical personages of this name occur in Apollodorus. (2.1.5, 4.5, &c.) [L.S]
(Ἀρχέλαος). Works Περὶ τῆς ʽΙερᾶς Τέχνης, De Sacra Arte
The author of a poem consisting of upwards of three hundred barbarous Greek iambics, entitled Περὶ τῆς ʽΙερᾶς Τέχνης, De Sacra Arte (sc. Chrysopocia. Nothing is known of the events of his life; his date also is uncertain, but the poem is evidently the work of a comparatively recent writer, and must not be attributed to any of the older authors of this name. Editions
It was published for the first time in the second volume of Ideler's Physici et Medici Graeci Minores, Berol. 1842, 8vo.; but a few extracts had previously been inserted by J. S. Bernard, in his edition of Palladius, De Febribus, Lugd. Bat. 1745, 8vo. pp. 160-163. [W.A.G]
(Ἀρχέλαος), one of the illegitimate sons of Amyntas II. by Cygnaea. Himself and his two brothers (Archideus or Arrhidaeus, and Menelaus) excited the jealousy of their halfbrother Philip; and, this having proved fatal to one of them, the other two tied for refuge to Olynthus. According to Justin, the protection which they obtained there gave occasion to the Olynthian war, B. C. 349; and on the capture of the city, B. C. 347, the two princes fell into Philip's hands and were put to death. (Just. 7.4, 8.3.) [E.E]
bishop of Caesareia in Capadocia, wrote a work against the heresy of the Messalians, which is referred to by Photius. (Cod. 52.) Cave places him at 440 A. D. Hist. Lit. sub. ann.) [P.S]
KING OF Cappadocia. [Archelaus, general of Mithridates, No. 4, p. 263.]
bishop of Carrha in Mesopotamia. Works Dispute with Manes
In A. D. 278, he held a public dispute with the heretic Manes, an account of which he published in Syriac. The work was soon translated both into Greek and into Latin. (Socrates, II. E. i. 22; Hieron. de Vir. Illustr. 72.) Editions Latin Editions
A large fragment of the Latin version was published by Valesius. in his edition of Socrates and Sozomen. Greek and Latin editions
The same version, almost entire, was again printed, with the fragments of the Greek version, by Zaccaignius, in his Collcet. Monument. Vet., Rom. 1698, and by Fabricius in his edition of Hippolytus. [P.S]
(Ἀρχέλαος), a Greek Georgapher, who wrote a work in which he descsribed all the countries which Alexander the Great had traversed. (Diog. Laert.2.17.) This statment would lead us to conjecture, that Archelaus was a contemporary of Alexander, and perhaps accompanied him on his expeditions. But as the work is completely lost, nothing certain can be said about the matter. In like manner, it must remain uncertain whether this Archelaus is the same as the one whose " Euboeica" are quoted by Harpocration (s. v. Ἁλόννηδος, where however Maussac reads Archemachus), and whose works on rivers and stones are mentioned by Plutarch (de Fluv. 1 and 9) and Stobaeus. (Florileg. 1.15.) [L.S]
(Ἀρχέλαος), son of Herod the Great by Malthace, a Samaritan woman, is called by Dio Cassius Ἡρώδης Παλαιστηνός, and was whole brother to Herod Antipas. (D. C. 55.27; J. AJ 17.1.3, 10.1 ; Bell. Jud. 1.28.4.) The will of Herod, which had at first been so drawn up as to exclude Archelaus in consequence of the false representations of his eldest brother Antipater, was afterward altered in his favour on the discovery of the latter's treachery [see p. 203]; and, on the death of Herod, he was saluted as king by the army. This title, however, he declined till it should be ratified by Augustus; and, in a speech to the people after his father's funeral, he made large professions of his moderation and his willingness to redress all grievances. (J. AJ 17.4.3, 6.1, 8. §§ 2_4; Bell. Jud. 1.31.1, 32.7, 33. §§ 7-9.) Immediately after this a serious sedition occurred, which Archelaus quenched in blood (Ant. 17.9. §§ 1-3; Bell. Jud. 2.1; comp. Ant. 17.6; Bell. Jud. 1.33), and he then proceeded to Rome to obtain the confirmation of his father's will. Here he was opposed by Antipas, who was supported by Herod's sister Salome and her son Antipater, and ambassadors also came from the Jews to complain of the cruelty of Archelaus, and to entreat that their country might be annexed to Syria and ruled by Roman governors. The will of Herod was, however, ratified in its main points by Augustus, and in the division of the kingdom Archelaus received Judaea, Samaria, and Idumaea, with the title of Ethnarch, and a promise of that of king should he be found to deserve it. (Ant. 17.9, 11; Bell. Jatd. 2.2, 6; Euseb. Hist. Eccl. 1.9; comp. Luke, 19.12-27.) On his return from Rome he set the Jewish law at defiance by his marriage with Glaphyra (daughter of Archelaus, king of Cappadocia), the widow of his brother Alexander, by whom she had children living (Levit. 18.16, 20.21; Dent. 25.5); and, his general government being most tyrannical, he was again accused before Augustus by the Jews in the 10th year of his reign (A. D. 7), and, as he was unable to clear himself from their charges, he was banished to Vienna in G(aul, where he died. (Ant. 17.13; Bell. Jitd. 2.7.3; Strab. xvi. p.765; D. C. 4.27; Euseb. Hist. Eccl. 1.9.) [E.E]
(Ἀρχέλαος), king of Macedonia from B. C. 413 to 399. According to Plato, he was an illegitimate son of Perdiccas II. and obtained the throne by the murder of his uncle Alcetas, his cousin, and his half-brother (Plat. Gory. p. 471; Athen. 5.217d.; Ael. VH 12.43), further strengthening himself by marriage with Cleopatra, his father's widow. (Plat. Gory. p. 471c.; Aristot. Pol. 5.10, ed. Bekk.) Nor does there appear to be any valid reason for rejecting this story in spite of the silence of Thueydides, who had no occasion to refer to it, and of the remarks of Athenaeus, who ascribes it to Plato's love of scandal. (Thuc.2.100; Athen. 11.506a. e.; Mitford, Gr. Hist. ch. 34, sec. 1; Thirlwall, Gr. Hist. vol. v. p. 157.) In B. C. 410 Pydna revolted from Archelaus, but he reduced it with the aid of an Athenian squadron under Theramenes, and the better to retain it, in subjection, rebuilt it at a distance of about two miles from the coast. (Diod. 13.49; Wess. ad loc.) In another war, in which he was involved with Sirrhas and Arrhabaeus, he purchased peace by giving his daughter in marriage to the former. (Aristot. Polit. l.c.; comp. Thirlwall, Gr. Hist. vol. v. p. 158.) For the internal improvement and security of his kingdom, as well as for its future greatness, he effectually provided by building fortresses, forming roads, and increasing the army to a stronger force than had been known under any of the former kings. (Thuc. 2.100.) He established also at Aegae (Arr. Anab. i. p. 11f.) or at Dium (Diod. 17.16; Wess. ad Diod. 16.55), public games, and a festival which he dedicated to the Muses and called "Olympian." His love of literature, science, and the fine arts is well known. His palace was adorned with magnificent paintings by Zeuxis (Ael. VH 14.17); and Euripides, Agathon, and other men of eminence, were among his guests. (Ael. VH 2.21, 13.4; Kühn, ad Ael. V. H. 14.17; Schol. ad Aristoph. Ran. 85.) But the tastes and the (so-called) refinement thus introduced failed at least to prevent, even if they did not foster, the great moral corruption of the court. (Ael. ll. cc.) Socrates himself received an invitation from Archelaus, but refused it, according to Aristotle (Aristot. Rh. 2.23.8), that he might not subject himself to the degradation of receiving favours which he could not return. Possibly, too, he was influenced by disgust at the corruption above alauded to, and contempt for the king's character. (Ael. VH 14.17.) We read in Diodorus, that Archelaus was accidentally slain on a hunting party by his favourite, Craterus or Crateuas (Diod. 14.37; Wess. ad loc.); but according to other accounts of apparently better authority, Craterus murdered him, either from ambition, or from disgust at his odious vices, or from revenge for his having broken his promise of giving him one of his daughters in marriage. (Aristot. Pol. 5.10, ed. Bekk; Ael. VH 8.9; Pseud._Plat. Alcib. ii. p. 141.) [E.E]
(Ἀρχέλαος), a general of Mithridates, and the greatest that he had. He was a native of Cappadocia, and the first time that his name occurs is in B. C. 88, when he and his brother Neoptolemus had the command against Nicomedes III. of Bithynia, whom they defeated near the river Amnius in Paphlagonia. In the next year he was sent by Mithridates with a large fleet and army into Greece, where he reduced several islands, and after persuading the Athenians to abandon the cause of the Romans, he soon gained for Mithridates nearly the whole of Greece south of Thessaly. In Boeotia, however, he met Bruttius Sura, the legate of Sextius, the governor of Macedonia, with whom he had during three days a hard struggle in the neighbourhood of Chaeroneia, until at last, on the arrival of Lacedaemonian and Achaean auxiliaries for Archelaus, the Roman general withdrew to Peiraeeus, which however was blockaded and taken possession of by Archelaus. In the meantime, Sulla, to whom the command of the war against Mithridates had been given, had arrived in Greece, and immediately marched towards Attica. As he was passing through Boeotia, Thebes deserted the cause of Archelaus, and joined the Romans. On his arrival in Attica, he sent a part of his army to besiege Aristion in Athens, while he himself with his main force went straight on to Peiraeeus, where Archelaus had retreated within the walls. Archelaus maintained himself during a long-protracted siege, until in the end, Sulla, despairing of success in Peiraeeus, turned against Athens itself. The city was soon taken, and then fresh attacks made upon Peiraeeus, with such success, that Archelaus was obliged to withdraw to the most impregnable part of the place. In the meanwhile, Mithridates sent fresh reinforcements to Archelaus, and on their arrival he withdrew with them into Boeotia, B. C. 86, and there assembled all his forces. Sulla followed him, and in the neighbourhood of Chaeroneia a battle ensued, in which the Romans gained such a complete victory, that of the 120,000 men with whom Archelaus had opened the campaign no more than 10,000 assembled at Chalcis in Euboea, where Archelaus had taken refuge. Sulla pursued his enemy as far as the coast of the Euripus, but having no fleet, he was obliged to allow him to make his predatory excursions among the islands, from which, however, he afterwards was obliged to return to Chalcis. Mithridates had in the meantime collected a fresh army of 80,000 men, which Doryalus or Dorylaus led to Archelaus. With these increased forces, Archelaus again crossed over into Boeotia, and in the neighbourhood of Orchomenos was completely defeated by Sulla in a battle which lasted for two days. Archelaus himself was concealed for three days after in the marshes, until he got a vessel which carried him over to Chalcis, where he collected the few remnants of his forces. When Mithridates, who was himself hard pressed in Asia by C. Fimbria, was informed of this defeat, he commissioned Archelaus to negotiate for peace on honourable terms, B. C. 85. Archelaus accordingly had an interview with Sulla at Delium in Boeotia. Sulla's attempt to make Archelaus betray his master was rejected with indignation, and Archelaus confined himself to concluding a preliminary treaty which was to be binding if it received the sanction of Mithridates. While waiting for the king's answer, Sulla made an expedition against some of the barbarous tribes which at the time infested Macedonia, and was accompanied by Archelaus, for whom he had conceived great esteem. In his answer, Mithridates refused to surrender his fleet, which Archelaus, in his interview with Sulla, had likewise refused to do; and when Sulla would not conclude peace on any other terms, Archelaus himself, who was exceedingly anxious that peace should be concluded, set out for Asia, and brought about a meeting of Sulla and his king at Dardanus in Troas, at which peace was agreed upon, on condition that each party should remain in possession of what had belonged to them before the war. This peace was in so far unfavourable to Mithridates, as he had made all his enormous sacrifices for nothing ; and when Mithridates began to feel that he had made greater concessions than he ought, he also began to suspect Archelaus of treachery, and the latter, fearing for his life, deserted to the Romans just before the outbreak of the second Mithridatic War, B. C. 81. He stimulated Murena not to wait for the attack of the king, but to begin hostilities at once. From this moment Archelaus is no more mentioned in history, but several writers state incidentally, that he was honoured by the Roman senate. (Appian, de Bell. Mithrid. 17-64; Plut. Sull. 11_24; Liv. Epit. 81 and 82; Vell. 2.25; Florus, 3.5; Oros. 6.2; Paus. 1.20.3, &ec.; Aurel. Vict. de Vir. Illustr. 75, 76; Dio Cass. Fragm. n. 173, ed. Reimar.; Sallust. Fragm. Hist. lib. iv.)
2. A son of the preceding. (Strab. xvii. p.796; D. C. 39.57.) In the year B. C. 63, Pompey raised him to the dignity of priest of the goddess (Enyo or Bellona) at Comana, which was, according to Strabo, in Pontus, and according to Hirtius (de Bell. Alex. 66), in Cappadocia. The dignity of priest of the goddess at Comana conferred upon the person who held it the power of a king over the place and its immediate vicinity. (Appian, de Bell. Mithr. 114; Strab. l.c., xii. p. 558.) In B. C. 56, when A. Gabinius, the proconsul of Syria, was making preparations for a war against the Parthians, Archelaus went to Syria and offered to take part in the war; but this plan was soon abandoned, as other prospects opened before him. Berenice, the daughter of Ptolemy Auletes, who after the expulsion of her father had become queen of Egypt, wished to marry a prince of royal blood, and Archelaus, pretending to be a son of Mithridates Eupator, sued for her hand, and succeeded. (Strab. ll. cc.; Dio Cass. l.c.) According to Strabo, the Roman senate would not permit Archelaus to take part in the war against Parthia, and Archelaus left Gabinius in secret; whereas, according to Dio Cassius, Gabinius was induced by bribes to assist Archelaus in his suit for the hand of Berenice, while at the same time he received bribes from Ptolemy Auletes on the understanding that he would restore him to his throne. Archelaus enjoyed the honour of king of Egypt only for six months, for Gabinius kept his promise to Ptolemy, and in B. C. 55 he marched with an army into Egypt, and in the battle which ensued, Archelaus lost his crown and his life. His daughter too was put to death. (Strab. ll. cc.; D. C. 39.58 ; Liv. Epit. lib. 105; Cic. pro Rabir. Post. 8; V. Max. 10.1, extern. 6.) M. Antonius, who had been connected with the family of Archelaus by ties of hospitality and friendship, had his body searched for among the dead, and buried it in a manner worthy of a king. (Plut. Ant. 3.)
3. A son of the preceding, and his successor in the office of high priest of Comana. (Strab. xvii. p.796, xii. p. 558.) In B. C. 51, in which year Cicero was proconsul of Cilicia, Archelaus assisted with troops and money those who created disturbances in Cappadocia and threatened king Ariobarzanes II.; but Cicero compelled Archelaus to quit Cappadocia. (Cic. Fam. 15.4.) In B. C. 47, J. Caesar, after the conclusion of the Alexandrine war, deprived Archelaus of his office of high priest, and gave it to Lycomedes. (Appian, de Bell. Mithr. 121; Hirt. de Bell. Alex. 66.)
4. A son of the preceding. (Strab. xvii. p. 796.) In B. C. 34, Antony, after having expelled Ariarathes, gave to Archelaus the kingdom of Cappadocia --a favour which he owed to the charms of his mother, Glaphyra. (D. C. 49.32; Strab. xii. p.540.) Appian (de Bell. Civ. 5.7), who places this event in the year B. C. 41, calls the son of Glaphyra, to whom Antony gave Cappadocia, Sisinna; which, if it is not a mistake, may have been a surname of Archelaus. During the war between Antony and Octavianus, Archelaus was among the allies of the former. (Plut. Ant. 61.) After his victory over Antony, Octavianus not only left Archelaus in the possession of his kingdom (D. C. 51.3), but subsequently added to it a part of Cilicia and Lesser Armenia. (D. C. 54.9; Strab. xii. p.534, &c.) On one occasion, during the reign of Augustus, accusations were brought before the emperor against Archelaus by his own subjects, and Tiberius defended the king. (Dio Cass. Ivii. 17; Suet. Tib. 8.) But afterwards Tiberius entertained great hatred of Archelaus, the cause of which was jealousy, as Archelaus had paid greater attentions to Caius Caesar than to him. (Comp. Tacit. Annal. 2.42.) When therefore Tiberius had ascended the throne, he enticed Archelaus to come to Rome, and then accused him in the senate of harbouring revolutionary schemes, hoping to get him condemned to death. But Archelaus was then at such an advanced age, or at least pretended to be so, that it appeared unnecessary to take away his life. He was, however, obliged to remain at Rome, where he died soon after, A. D. 17. Cappadocia was then made a Roman province. (Dio Cass., Tacit. ll. cc.; Suet. Tib. 37, Calig. 1; Strab. xii. p.534.) [L.S]
The annexed coin of Archelaus contains on the reverse a club and the inscription ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΡΧΕΛΑΟΥ ΦΙΔ(Λ?)ΟΠΑΤΡΙΔΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΚΤΙΣΤΟΥ. He is called κτίστης, according to Eckhel (iii. p. 201), on account of his having founded the city of Eleusa in an island of the same name, off the coast of Cilicia. (Comp. J. AJ 16.4.6.)
(Ἀρχέλαος), a Philosopher of the Ionian school, called Physicus from having been the first to teach at Athens the physical doctrines of that philosophy. This statement, which is that of Laertius (2.16), is contradicted by the assertion of Clemens Alexandrinus (Strom. i. p. 30), that Anaxagoras μετήγαγεν ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰωνίας Ἀθήναζε τὴν διατριβήν, but the two may be reconciled by supposing with Clinton (F. H. ii. p. 51), that Archelaus was the first Athenian who did so. For the fact that he was a native of Athens, is considered by Ritter as nearly established on the authority of Simplicius (in Phys. Aristot. fol. 6, b.), as it was probably obtained by him from Theophrastus ; and we therefore reject the statement of other writers, that Archelaus was a Milesian. He was the son of Apollodorus, or as some say, of Mydon, Midon, (Suid.) or Myson, and is said to have taught at Lampsacus before he established himself at Athens. He is commonly reported to have numbered Socrates and Euripides among his pupils. If he was the instructor of the former, it is strange that he is never mentioned by Xenophon, Plato, or Aristotle; and the tradition which connects him with Euripides may have arisen from a confusion with his namesake Archelaus, king of Macedonia, the well-known patron of that poet.
The doctrine of Archelaus is remarkable, as forming a point of transition from the older to the newer form of philosophy in Greece. In the mental history of all nations it is observable that scientific inquiries are first confined to natural objects and afterwards pass into moral speculations; and so, among the Creks, the Ionians were occupied. with physics, the Socratic schools chiefly with ethics. Archelaus is the union of the two : he was the last recognized leader of the former (succeeding Diogenes of Apollonia in that character), and added to the physical system of his teacher, Anaxagoras, some attempts at moral speculation. He held that air and infinity (τὸ ἄπειρον) are the principle of all things, by which Plutarch (Plac. Phil. 1.3) supposes that he meant infinite air; and we are told, that by this statement he intended to exclude the operations of mind from the creation of the world. (Stob. Ecl. Phys. 1.1, 2.) If so, he abandoned the doctrine of Anaxagoras in its most important point; and it therefore seems safer to conclude with Ritter, that while he wished to inculcate the materialist notion that the mind is formed of air, he still held infinite mind to be the cause of all things. This explanation has the advantage of agreeing very fairly with that of Simplicius (l.c.) and as Anaxagoras himself did not accurately distinguish between mind and the animal soul, this confusion may have given rise to his pupil's doctrine. Archelaus deduced motion from the opposition of heat and cold, caused of course, if we adopt the above hypothesis, by the will of the material mind. This opposition separated fire and water, and produced a slimy mass of earth. While the earth was hardening, the action of heat upon its moisture gave birth to animals, which at first were nourished by the mud from which they sprang, and gradually acquired the power of propagating their species. All these animals were endowed with mind, but man separated from the others, and established laws and societies. It was just from this point of his physical theory that he seems to have passed into ethical speculation, by the proposition, that right and wrong are οὐ φύσει ἀλλὰ νόμῳ --a dogma probably suggested to him, in its form at least, by the contemporary Sophists. But when we consider the purely mechanical and materialistic character of his physics, which make every thing arise from the separation or distribution of the primary elements, we shall see that nothing, except the original chaotic mass, is strictly by nature (φύσει), and that Archelaus assigns the same origin to right and wrong that he does to man. Now a contemporaneous origin with that of the human race is not very different from what a sound system of philosophy would demand for these ideas, though of course such a system would maintain quite another origin of man; and therefore, assuming the Archelaic physical system, it does not necessarily follow, that his ethical principles are so destructive of all goodness as they appear. This view is made almost certain by thie tact that Democritus taught, that the ideas of sweet and bitter, warm and cold, &c., are )by νόμος, which can be accounted for only by a similar supposition.
Of the other doctrines of Archelaus we need only mention, that he asserted the earth to have the forin of an egg, the sun being the largest of the stars; and that he correctly accounted for speech by the motion of the air. For this, according to Plutarch (Plac. Phil. 4.19), he was indebted to Anaxagorans.
Archelaus flourished B. C. 450. In that year Anaxagoras withdrew from Athens, and during his absence Archelaus is said to have taught Socrates. (Laert. l.c.) Further Information
To the authorities given above add Brucker, Hist. Crit. Phil. 2.2, 1; Ritter, Geschichte der Phil. 3.9; Tennemann, Grundriss der Gesch. der Phil. § 107. [G.E.L.C]
(Ἀρχέλαος), a Greek Poet, is called an Egyptian, and is believed to have been a native of a town in Egypt called Chersonesus, as he is also called Chersonesita. (Antig. Caryst. 19 ; Athen. 12.554.) He wrote epigrams, some of which are still extant in the Greek Anthology, and Jacobs seems to infer from an epigram of his on Alexander the Great (Anthol. Planud. 120) that Archelaus lived in the time of Alexander and Ptolemy Soter. Lobeck (Aglaoph. p. 749), on the other hand, places him in the reign of Ptolemy Euergetes II. But both of these opinions are connected with chronological difficulties, and Westermann has shewn that Archelaus in all probability flourished under Ptolemy Philadelphus, to whom, according to Antigonus Carystius (l.c., comp. 89), he narrated wonderful stories (παράδοξα) in epigrams. Besides this peculiar kind of epigrams, Archelaus wrote a work called ἰδιοφυῆ, i. e. strange or peculiar animals (Athen. 9.409 ; D. L. 2.17), which seems to have likewise been written in verse, and to have treated on strange and paradoxical subjects, like his epigrams. (Plin. Elench. lib. xxviii.; Schol. ad Nicand. Ther. 822; Artemid. Oneirocr. 4.22. Compare Westermann, Scriptor. Rer. mirabil. Graeci, p. xxii., &c., who has also collected the extant fragments of Archelaus, p. 158, &c.) [L.S]
(Ἀρχέλαος), a Greek Rhetorician of uncertain date, who wrote on his profession ; whence he is called τεχνογράφος ῥήτωρ. (D. L. 2.17.) [L.S]
a Sculptor of Priene, the son of Apollonius, made the marble bas-relief representing the Apotheosis of Homer, which formerly belonged to the Colonna family at Rome, and is now in the Townley Gallery of the British Museum (Inscription on the work). The style of the basrclief, which is little, if at all, inferior to the best remains of Grecian art, confirms the supposition that Archelaus was the son of Apollonius of Rhodes [Apollonius], and that he flourished in the first century of the Christian aera. From the circumstance of the "Apotheosis" having been found in the palace of Claudius at Bovillae (now Frattocchi), coupled with the known admiration of that emperor for Homer (Suet. Cl. 42), it is generally supposed that the work was executed in his reign. A description of the bas-relief, and a list of the works in which it is referred to, is given in The Townley Gallery, in the Library of Entertaining Knowledge, ii. p1. 10. [P.S]
(Ἀρχέλαος), king of Sparta, 7th of the Agids, son of Agesilaus I., contemporary with Charilaus, with whom hetook Aegys, a town on the Arcadian border, said to have revolted, but probably then first taken. (Paus. 3.2 Plut. Lyc. 5; Euseb. Praep. 5.32.) [A.H.C]
(Ἀρχέλαος), son of Theodorus, was appointed by Alexander the Great the military commander in Susiana, B. C. 300. (Arrian 3.16; Curt. 5.2.) In the division of the provinces in 323, Archeliaus obtainedl M51eo)otamiia. (Dexipp. apud Phot. Cod. 82, p. 64b., ed. Bekker.)
(Ἀρχέλαος). (1) A king of Macedonia (B.C. 413-399), who improved the coudition of the country and patronized art and literature.
(2) See Mithridates.
(3) See Aegyptus.
(4) See Philosophia.
- Paus. 1.20.5
- defeated by Magnesians of Sipylus: Paus. 1.20.5
- Paus. 1.2.2
- king of Sparta, conquers Aegys: Paus. 3.2.5, Paus. 4.4.2
- a king of Sparta: Hdt. 7.204
- husband of Anaxibia: Apollod. 2.1.5
- Apollod. 2.4.5