Nicolaus
Could not find Nicolaum in Logeion dictionaries.
Nicolaum Proper-name adjective: neuter vocative singular, Proper-name adjective: masculine genitive plural, Proper-name adjective: neuter nominative singular, Proper-name noun: masculine genitive plural, Proper-name adjective: neuter accusative singular, Proper-name adjective: masculine accusative singular, Proper-name adjective: neuter genitive plural, Proper-name noun: masculine accusative singular of Nicolaus
- a Peripatetic philosopher from Damascus, a friend of Augustus; hence, Nīcolāus, a, um, adj., of Nicolaus: dactyli Nicolai, a kind of dates of a larger size than ordinary, Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 45; Edict. Diocl. p. 18.
sancte ~e, tibi committo orationem meam
a Nicholao papa Rome sacratus
monachis sancti ~ai Exon’
mellifluos palmeti dactilos et mulsum nectaris ~um
cum palmeti dactilis quos ~os vocant
~um idem quod dactylum
palmeti palmbearwes; dactulus,pomis; ~um, alius nomen ejus; ‥ ~ospalmæppla
†nicalalbum [l. nicolaum album ],milisc æppel
Νικόλαος, (Νικολέως), historical.
1. Father of Bulis, the Spartan. (Hdt. 7.134.)
2. Son of Bulis, was associated with Aneristus in his embassy to Persia, in B. C. 430, and, together with him, was put to death by the Athenians. [Aneristus.]
3. A Syracusan, who lost two sons in the war with Athens, but at its conclusion, in B. C. 413, endeavoured to persuade his countrymen to spare the Athenian prisoners. (Diod. 13.19_27.)
4. An Aetolian, and a general of Ptolemy IV. (Philopator). In B. C. 219 we find him besieging Ptolemais, which was held by the traitor Theodotus, who had revolted from Ptolemy to Antiochus the Great. Nicolaus, however, abandoned the siege on the approach of the Syrian king [Lagoras]. In the same year he did much towards baffling the attempt of Antiochus on Dura or Dora in Phoenicia, by sending constant succours to the besieged. In B. C. 218 he was invested by Ptolemy with the supreme command in Coele-Syria, an appointment fully warranted, according to Polybius, by his military experience and bravery. He was, however, dislodged by Antiochus and his generals from a strong position which he had taken up between the range of Mount Libanus and the sea near the town of Porphyreon, and was obliged to seek safetyin a precipitate flight towards Sidon. It may be conjectured that after this he deserted to Antiochus: at least, we find the name of Nicolaus of Aetolia mentioned among the generals of the Syrian king in his campaign in Hyrcania, B. C. 209. (Plb. 5.61, 66, 68, 69, 10.29.) [E.E]
(Νικόλαος), literary. Nicolaus is the name of a great many writers and ecclesiastics in the times of the Byzantine empire, but only the most important of them are mentioned below. A full list of them is given in Fabricius (Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 286).
1. Artabasda (Ἁρταβάσδης), of Smyrna, of uncertain but late age, is called in a Vatican manuscript Ἀρταβάσδης, ἀριθμητικος καὶ γεωμέτρης ὁ Ῥαβδᾶ. Works On the Art of Counting
He was the author of a work on the art of counting with the fingers (Ἔκφρασις τοῦ δακτυλικοῦ μέτρου). Editions
This has been published by F. Morel, Paris, 1614; Possin. Catena Graec. Patrum in Marcum, p. 449, Rome, 1673, J. A. Fabric. Observ. in varia Loca Novi Testtam., p. 159, Hamb. 1712; and J. G. Schneider, Eclogae physicae, p. 477. Further Information
Schöll, Geschichte der Griechischen Litteratur, vol. iii. pp. 345-347.
2. Cabasilas. [Cabasilas.]
3. Chalcocondyles. [Chalcocondyles.]
4. Of Constantinople, of which he was patriarch from A. D. 1084 to 1111, wrote several decrees and letters, of which an account is given by Cave. (Cave, Hist. Lit. vol. ii. p. 156, ed. Basil.; by Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 85.)
5. Damascenus. [Damascenus]
6. Euboicus. [Secundinus.]
7. Hagiotheodoretus, was archbishop of Athens in the twelfth century, in the reign of Manuel Comnenus. He is known as a jurist, who wrote a commentary upon the Basilica. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 633.)
8. Hydruntius, lived at the beginning of the thirteenth century, in the reign of Alexius IV. Comnenus, and was distinguished by his opposition to the Latin church. Works Works against the Catholic Church
Against the Catholic Church he published several works, of which an account is given by Cave (ad ann. 1201) and Fabricius (Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 287).
9. Of Methone in the Peloponnesus, of which place he was archbishop, lived probably in the twelfth century, and also wrote many works against the Latin church, for an account of which we must again refer to Fabricius (vol. xi. p. 290) and the authorities which he cites. Nicolaus of Methone also deserves to be mentioned as one of the opponents of the Neo-Platonic philosophers. Works Reply to Proclus
He published a work in reply to the Στοιχείωσις θεολογική of Proclus. Editions
This work of Nicolaus was published for the first time by J. Th. Voemel, under the title of Nicolai Methonensis Refutatio Institutionis Theologicae Procli Platonici, Francf. 1825.
10. Of Myrae. [See No. 17.]
11. Myrepsus. [See below, No. 3.]
12. Pepagomenus. [Pepagomenus.]
13. Praepositus. [See below, No. 4.]
14. Rhabda. [See No. 1, and Rhabda.]
15. Secundinus. [Secundinus.]
16. Of Smyrnan. [See No. 1.]
17. The Sophist, lived under Leo I., and down to the reign of Anastasius, consequently in the latter half of the fifth century, was a pupil of Proclus. Works Προγυμνάσματα and Μελέται ῥητορικαί
Suidas (s. v. Νικ.) mentions two works of his Προγυμνάσματα and Μελέται ῥητορικαί. Editions
Part of the Προγυμνάσματα had been previously published as the work of Libanius, but has more recently appeared as the work of Nicolaus, in Walz's Rhetor. Graec. vol. i. pp. 266-420. Confusion with similar works by another Sophist
Suidas (s. v.) mentions another sophist, a native of Myrae in Cilicia, and a pupil of Lachares, who taught at Constantinople, and was the author of a Τέχνη ῥητορική and Μελέται. Further Information
Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 134; Westermann, Geschichte der Griech. Beredtsamkeit, § 104, n. 10.
(Νικόλαος), the name of several physicians, who are often confounded, and whom it does not seem possible to distinguish with certainty.
1. The person quoted by Galen (De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. 5.11, vol. xiii. p. 831) must have lived in or before the second century after Christ. He may, perhaps, be the physician, of whose medical formulae one is quoted by Paulus Aegineta (4.37, 7.17. pp. 520, 678) and Nicolaus Myrepsus (10.143, p.579). A pharmaceutical author of the same name is said by Fabricius (Bibl. Gr. vol. xiii. pp. 5, 346, ed. vet.) to be quoted by Aetius, but the writer has not been able to find the name in the place referred to (10.27).
2. A native of Laodiceia, who lived, according to Abú-l-Faraj (Hist. Dynast. p. 88), in the latter half of the fourth century after Christ. Works
He wrote a work De Summa Philosophiae Aristotelicae, which was translated into Syriac by Honain Ibn Ishak; another De Plantis, which is quoted by 'Abdú-l-Latíf (Histor. Aeqeypti Compeopend. pp. 19, 27); and a third, Liber Responsionis ad illos qui Rem unam esse statuunt Intellectum et Intelligibilia. To these Wenrich (De Auctr,. Graecor. Version. et Comment, Syriac. Arab. Armen. et Pers. Lips. 1842, p. 294) adds two others, viz. Compendium Philosophiae Aristoteleae, and Aristotelis Historia Animalium in Compendium redacta. (See also De Sacy's Note on Abdu l-Latff, p. 77.)
This is no doubt the Nicolaus, whose work De Philosophia Aristotelis is quoted by Rhazes (Contin. 11.4, vol. i. p. 228, ed. 1506).
3. Nicolaus Myrepsus (Νικόλαος ὁ Μυρεψός, or the ointment-maker), the author of a Greek pharmaceutical work, which is still extant.
He is probably the same physician who is mentioned by Georgius Acropolita as being eminent in his profession, but very ignorant of natural philosophy. (Hist. Byzant. 39, p. 34, ed. Paris. 1651.) He was at the court of Joannes III. Vatatzes at Nicaea, when the eclipse of the sun took place (Oct. 6. 1241), that shortly preceded the death of the empress Irene. Here he was held in great esteem by the emperor, and attained the dignity of Actuarius (id. ibid.; see Dict. of A t. p. 611b.). All this agrees very well with the scattered notices of his date and his personal history that we find in his own work. He mentions Mesie the younger (32.117, p. 706), who died A. D. 1015; "Michael Angelus regalis" (1.295, p. 420), who is probably the first emperor of the family of the Palaeologi, and began to reign A. D. 1260; "Papa Nicolaus" (2.9, p. 469), who seems to be Pope Nicholas III., who began to reign A. n. 1277; and "Dominus Joannes" (10.103, p. 575), and " Magister Johannes " (32.99, p. 703 ), who is probably Joannes Actuarius, who lived in the thirteenth century. He mentions his having visited or lived at Nicaea (24.12, p. 657), and also Alexandria (1.241, 17.17, pp 412, 612), whence he is sometimes called Nicolaus Alexandrinus. Works Antidotarium
His work has hitherto only been published in Latin with the title Antidotarium, or De Composition Medicamentorum ; and has often been confounded with the similar work of Nicolaus Praepositus, from which however it may easily be distinguished. This consists of forty eight sections, containing more than 2500 medical formulae, arranged according to their form and object, while the other contains only about 150 formulae arranged alphabetically.
The work of Nicolaus Praepositus has a short preface by the author, this has none: in this work there are sometimes mentioned several modes of preparing the same medicine, in the other never more than one: both works begin with the formula called Aurea Alexandrina, but the composition of the different prescriptions does not always agree. The work of Nicolaus Myrepsus is evidently written later than the other. which it frequently copies, and does not appear to have been so popular in the middle ages. It is chiefly compiled from former writers, and contains several foolish and superstitious remedies. Editions
It was first published in an incomplete form in 1541. 4to. Ingolst. by J. Agricola Ammonius, and afterwards by Leonh. Fuchs, Basil. 1549, fol. translated from a much more complete MS. This translation is inserted in the second volume of H. Stephens's Medicae Artis Principes, Paris, fol. 1.567; and has been several times reprinted. Further Information
See Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xiii. p. 4. &c. ed. vet.; Choulant, Handb. der Bücherhunde für die Aeltere Medicin.
4. Nicolaus, commonly called Praepositus, to distinguish him from Nicolaus Myrepsus, was at the head of the celebrated medical school at Salerno, in the former half of the twelfth century, as appears from the fact of his work being commented on by Matthaeus Platearius. He is said to have belonged to a noble family, to have acquired considerable wealth, and to have been the principal physician of his age. Works Antidotarium
He is sometimes said to be the author of two pharmaceutical works, a large one called Antidotarium Magnum, or Nicolaus Major (or Magnus), for the use of druggists, and a smaller one, chiefly used by physicians. and called Antidotarium Parvum, or Nicolaus Minor (or Parvus).
This, however, appears to be a mistake that has arisen from confounding his work with that of Nicolaus Myrepsus. though (as we have seen) they are totally different books, though treating of the same subject.
The Antidotarium is written in Latin, and was, during the middle ages, one of the most popular works on the subject. Editions
It was first published in 1471, 4to. Venet., and was frequently reprinted in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Matthaeus Platearius wrote a commentary on the work, which is often printed with it. Further Information
A very full account of the work, and the bibliographical questions relating to it, is to be found in the second edition of Choulant's Handb. der Bücherkunde für die Aeltere Medicin. [W.A.G]
an Athenian sculptor, whose name is inscribed, together with that of Criton, on a colossal Caryatid, found in 1766 in the vineyard of the house Strozzi, near Rome, on the Appian road. Winckelmann ascribes the work to the time of Cicero, Müller to that of the Antonines. (Winckelmann, Gesch. d. Kunst, bk. 11.1.14; Müller, Archäol. d. Kunst, § 204, n. 5.) [P.S]
(Νικόλαος). (1) Called Damascēnus. A Greek historian of Damascus. At the suggestion of the Jewish king, Herod the Great, whose intimate friend he was, and who had recommended him to Augustus (B.C. 6), he wrote an autobiography, of which fragments remain; a comprehensive history of the world down to his own times in 144 books, which is partly preserved in fragments exhibiting an agreeable style. A portion of his panegyrical biography of Augustus has come down to us. The remains of Nicolaüs are edited by Dindorf in the Hist. Graeci (1870). See Steinmetz, Herod und Nicolaus (1861).
(2) Called Chalcocondyles, a Byzantine historian of the fifteenth century A.D., who wrote a history of the Empire from 1298 to 1463, including the capture of Constantinople (1453). It is in ten books.
- Hdt. 7.134
- a victim of the vengeance of Talthybius on the Spartans: Hdt. 7.137