carmen

carmen, ĭnis, n. (old form cas-men, Varr. L. L. p. 86 Bip.) [Sanscr. çasto declaim, praise; cf.: camilla, censeo], a tune, song; poem, verse; an oracular response, a prophecy; a form of incantation (cf.: cano, cantus, and canto).

• I In gen., a tune, song, air, lay, strain, note, sound, both vocal and instrumental (mostly poet.; in prose, instead of it, cantus; cf. also versus, numeri, modi): carmen tuba ista peregit ( = sonus), Enn. Ann. 508 Vahl.: carmine vocali clarus citharāque Philammon, Ov. M. 11, 317; cf. vocum, id. ib. 12, 157: per me (sc. Apollinem) concordant carmina nervis, id. ib. 1, 518; cf. id. ib. 11, 5; 5, 340: solaque culminibus ferali carmine bubo Saepe queri, Verg. A. 4, 462; so id. G. 4, 514; Ov. M. 10, 453: cygnorum, id. ib. 5, 387; cf. id. ib. 14, 430; Mart. 13, 77: citharae liquidum carmen, Lucr. 4, 981; cf. id. 2, 506; Hor. C. 1, 15, 15: lyrae carmen, Prop. 2, 1, 9 Hertzb.: canere miserabile carmen, Ov. M. 5, 118: harundineum, id. Tr. 4, 1, 12: socialia carmina, id. H. 12, 139: barbaricum, id. M. 11, 163.—With allusion to playing on the cithara: hoc carmen hic tribunus plebis non vobis sed sibi intus canit, Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 68; cf. Aspendius.—Also the sound of waves, Claud. Cons. Mall. Th. 319; cf. Auct. Aetn. 295.—
• II Esp., a composition in verse, a poem; poetry, verse, song, whether in a broader sense, of every kind of poetic production, epic, dramatic, lyric (opp. to prose and to cantus, the melody), or, in a more restricted sense, for lyric poetry.
• • A Cum hanc felicitatem non prosa modo multi sint consecuti sed etiam carmine, Quint. 10, 7, 19; cf. id. 1, 8, 2; 8, 6, 27; 10, 1, 95: perspicuum est, et cantus (melodies) tum fuisse rescriptos vocum sonis et carmina (words), Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 34; 3, 51, 197: carminibus cum res gestas coepere poetae Tradere, Lucr. 5, 1444: Maeonii carminis alite, Hor. C. 1, 6, 2: epicum carmen, Quint. 10, 1, 62: heroici sublimitas, id. 1, 8, 5; cf. Prop. 3 (4), 3, 16: Iliacum, Hor. A. P. 129: historia quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31: Pierium, Lucr. 1, 946; 4, 21: tragicum, Hor. A. P. 220: carmina Livi, id. Ep. 2, 1, 69; cf. Tac. A. 11, 13: Saliorum carmina, Varr. L. L. 3, 26; 9, 61; Quint. 1, 6, 40; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 86 Schmid.; cf. Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.: lyricorum carmina, Quint. 9, 4, 53; Prop. 4 (5), 6, 32: Aeolium, Hor. C. 3, 30, 13: Lydis remixto carmine tibiis, id. ib. 4, 15, 30; cf. id. Epod. 9, 5: carmen funebre proprie Naenia, Quint. 8, 2, 8: carmina quae in Phaeacum epulis canuntur, Cic. Brut. 18, 71; cf. id. ib. 19, 75: lascivum, Quint. 9, 4, 108: obscena, satirical, abusive poems, libels, Prop. 1, 16, 10; the same: famosum, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 31 Schmid.: malum, id. ib. 2, 1, 153; id. S. 2, 1, 82 Heind.: obliquum, Stat. S. 1, 2, 27: probrosum, Tac. A. 4, 31; cf.: si quis carmen condidisset quod infamiam faceret flagitiumve alteri, Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; and Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 259 sq.; Fischer ad Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4.—Phrases: canere, Cic. Brut. 18, 71; Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.: cantare cui, Hor. C. 3, 1, 4: cantitare, Cic. Brut. 19, 75: CONDERE, XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; Lucr. 5, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 82; id. A. P. 436: contexere, Cic. Cael. 8, 18: disponere, Lucr. 3, 420: pangere, id. 1, 934; 4, 9: fingere, Hor. C. 4, 2, 32; id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331: dicere, id. C. 4, 12, 10; id. C. S. 8: dictare, id. S. 1, 10, 75; id. Ep. 2, 1, 110: docere, id. C. 2, 19, 1: ad umbilicum adducere, id. Epod. 14, 7: deducere ad sua tempora, Ov. M. 1, 4: fundere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64: componere ad lyram, Quint. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. 11, 2, 11.—
  • B Esp.
  • • 1 In a restricted sense for lyric or epic poetry: carmine tu gaudes, hic delectatur iambis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 59 Schmid.; cf.: carmina compono, hic elegos, id. ib. 2, 2, 91: amabile carmen, i. e. a love poem or song, id. ib. 1, 3, 24.—And opp. to the drama for an epic or lyric poem: fabula, quae versatur in tragoediis atque carminibus, Quint. 2, 4, 2.—
    • 2 A part of a great epic poem, a book, canto: in primo carmine, Lucr. 6, 937. —
    • 3 A poetic inscription: et tumulum facite et tumulo superaddite carmen: Daphnis ego, etc., Verg. E. 5, 42; id. A. 3, 287; Ov. M. 14, 442; id. F. 3, 547 al.—
    • 4 A response of an oracle, a prophecy, prediction: ultima Cumaei venit jam carminis aetas, Verg. E. 4, 4; so Ov. M. 6, 582; Liv. 1, 45, 5; 23, 11, 4; 25, 12, 4; 29, 10, 6; 38, 45, 3; Tac. A. 3, 63; 4, 43; 6, 12 al.—
    • 5 A magic formula, an incantation: MALVM, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; cf. Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, a. ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 260: polleantne aliquid verba et incantamenta carminum, Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 10: carmina vel caelo possunt deducere lunam; Carminibus Circe socios mutavit Ulixi, Verg. E. 8, 69 sq.; so id. A. 4, 487; Hor. Epod. 5, 72; 17, 4; id. S. 1, 8, 19; Prop. 2 (3), 28, 35; Ov. M. 7, 137; 14, 58; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Tac. A. 2, 69; 4, 22 al.—
    • 6 On account of the very ancient practice of composing forms of religion and law in Saturnian verse, also a formula in religion or law, a form: diro quodam carmine jurare, Liv. 10, 38, 10; 10, 41, 3; 31, 17, 9; 1, 24, 6 and 9; Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12: cruciatus carmina, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. id. Mur. 12, 26: lex horrendi carminis erat: duumviri perduellionem judicent, etc., of a dreadful form, Liv. 1, 26, 6: rogationis carmen, id. 3, 64, 10.—
    • 7 Moral sentences composed in verses: Appii Caeci carmen, Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4; cf.: liber Catonis qui inscriptus est Carmen de moribus, Gell. 11, 2, 2: ut totum illud, VTI. LINGVA. NVNCVPASSIT., non in XII. tabulis, sed in magistri carmine scriptum videretur, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245: necessarium, id. Leg. 2, 23, 59.

carmen, ĭnis, n. [1. caro],

• a card, for wool or flax, Venant. Ep. Praem. Carm. 6, 5.

1. carmen, minis, n. (aus *canmen v. cano), der Ton, Gesang, das Lied, I) im allg.: carmine vocali clarus citharāque Philammon, Ov. met. 11, 317: carmina vocum, Ov.: texere carmina, Claud. – vom Gesang des Schwans, Ov.: vom Kreischen der Eule, Verg.: vom plätschernden Ton der Wellen, Claud. – II) insbes.: A) das Gedicht, die Dichtung, a) im weit. Sinne von jeder Art poetischer Produktion, Epik, Dramatik, Lyrik, im Ggstz. zur Prosa (soluta oratio od. prosa), während poëma nur Gedicht im höhern Sinne, bes. Epos, non prosā modo... sed etiam carmine, Quint.: carminum auctores, Quint.: satirici carminis (Dichtungsart) scriptor, Lact.: carminum suorum actor (in einem dramatischen Stücke), Liv.: c. Saliorum, Varr. LL.: lyricorum carmina, Quint.: c. lyricum, Porphyr. Hor.: c. epicum, Quint.: c. tragicum, Hor.: c. Aeolium, Hor.: c. funebre, Quint.: c. georgicum, Col.: c. pastorale, Ter. Maur.: c. nuptiale, Hier.: c. amatorium, Augustin.: c. saeculare, Suet.: c. Saliare Numae, Hor.: obscoena carmina, schmutzige Spott-, Schmähgedichte, Prop.: qui cantus (feierliche, religiöse Gesänge), quae carmina (Lieder, bes. Rundgesänge, griech. σκόλια), Cic.: carmina levia et faciles versus, leichtfertige Lieder u. spielende (tändelnde) Verse, Tac.: carmina fundere, condere, contexere, Cic.: carmina pangere, Lucr.: carmina componere od. fingere, Hor., od. facere, Verg.: carmina scribere, Hor.: carmen patrium canere, Curt.: carmina dicere in imperatorem, Liv.: ac ne carmen (Poesie) quidem sani coloris enituit, Petr. – b) lyrische Dichtung, Ode, Hor.: c. amabile, erotische Dichtung, Hor. – u. dem Drama gegenüber für Epos u. Lyrik, fabula, quae versatur in tragoediis et carminibus, Quint. – c) ein Gesang = ein Teil eines größern Gedichts, eine Rhapsodie, primum, Lucr. 6, 937. – und eine Stelle (ein Vers od. mehrere) aus einem Gedichte, Vers, Verse (s. die Auslgg. zu Cic. Tusc. 1, 37), illud mollissimum c., Cic.: Euripideum c. illud, Cic.: notum est id totum carmen incisum in sepulcro, Cic. – d) eine poetische Inschrift, Verg., Prop. u.a.: od. Aufschrift, wie über den Eingängen der Tempel, Cic. Arch. 27. – B) ein Orakelspruch, Weissagespruch, eine Weissagung, Verg., Liv. u.a.: carmina Sibyllina, Lact. – C) ein Zauberspruch, eine Zauberformel, XII tabb. fr., Quint., Verg. u.a. – D) ein Rätsel in Versen, carmen ponere, interpretari, solvere, Hyg. fab. 67. – E) wegen des uralten Gebrauchs, Sittensprüche, Lehrformeln, Eides-, Religions- u. Gesetzesformeln im saturnin. Versmaß abzufassen, ein Spruch, eine Formel, insbes. eine Religions-, Eides-, Gebets-, Gesetzesformel, Appii Caeci c., Sittengedichte, Cic.: Catonis c. de moribus, Gell.: c. magistri, Cic.: c. necessarium, Cic. – diro quodam carmine iurare, Liv. – lex horrendi carminis, von schrecklichem Inhalte, Liv.: carmen rogationis, Liv.: carmina cruciatus, Cic.: alci carmen componere, Cic. – carmen (Gebetlied, Gebet) Christo quasi deo dicere secum invicem, Plin. ep.: sollemne carmen precationis peragere, Liv.: ex carmine sacro praeeunte verba sacerdote precationes facere, Liv. – ➳ Vgl. übh. H. Düntzer Das Wort carmen als Spruch, Formel, Lehre (in Zeitschr. für das Gymnasialw. 11, 1 ff.).

2. carmen, minis, n. (caro, ere), die Krempel, Ven. Fort. init. epist. praem. carm. 5, 6.

carmen [CL] 1 song, poem. b hymn or sim.. c bird song. mihi versificum poterit Deus addere carmen Aldh. Aen. pref. 14; neque possunt ~ina, quamvis optime conposita, ex alia in aliam linguam ad verbum ‥ transferri Bede HE IV 22 p. 260; 9‥ ~ine rithmico, smicere leoðe WW; 1191 [W. episcopus Elyensis] ad augmentum et famam sui nominis emendicata ~ina et rhythmos adulatorios comparabat (Lit. Ep. Coventr.) R. Howd. III 143; subsunt judicio carmina nostra tuo Neckam DS II 696; c1242 nec mulieres ibidem [in cimiteriis] coreas, luxuriosa ~ina canendo, lascive ducere presumant Conc. Syn. 353.  b ut quondam cecinit psalmorum carmine vates Aldh. CE 4. 9. 10; dum ‥ conclamant carmina Christo / agnum sectantes Id. VirgV 2896; [Caedmon] ~ina religioni et pietati apta facere solebat Bede HE IV 22.  c volucres geminae ‥ / ‥ modulantes carmina rostris Æthelwulf Abb. 237; carmine finito, leta recedit avis Neckam DS II 951. 2 charm. Ben. Pet. Mir. Thom. II 20 (v. 1 carminare 2); eum appositis herbis et violentia ~inis absolvit Map NC IV 6 p. 165; matematici falsi ‥ desiderant adjutoria demonum et faciunt ~ina et karacteres et sacrificia secundum quod quidam libri eorum pessimi docent Bacon V 6; magici ‥ rerum concursum naturalem attribuunt ~inum et caracterum potestati Id. Tert. Sup. 49.

1 carmĕn, (7) ĭnis, n. (cano), ¶ 1 chant, air, son de la voix ou des instruments : ferale Virg. En. 4, 462, chant lugubre, funèbre, cf. G. 4, 514 ; Ov. M. 11, 317 ¶ 2 composition en vers, vers, poésie : carmina canere Cic. Br. 71, chanter des vers ; contexere Cic. Cæl. 19 ; fundere Cic. Tusc. 1, 64, écrire, composer des vers || [en part., poésie lyrique ou épique] Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 91 ; Quint. 2, 4, 2 || division dʼun poème, chant : in primo carmine Lucr. 6, 937, dans le premier chant || inscription en vers : Virg. En. 3, 287 || réponse dʼun oracle, prophétie, prédiction : Virg. B. 4, 4 ; Liv. 1, 45, 5 || paroles magiques, enchantements : carmina vel cælo possunt deducere lunam Virg. B. 8, 69, les paroles magiques peuvent même faire descendre la lune du ciel || formule [religieuse ou judiciaire] : Cic. Rab. perd. 13 ; Mur. 26 ; Liv. 10, 38, 10 || sentences morales [en vers] : Cic. Tusc. 4, 4 ; de Or. 1, 245.

2 carmĕn, (15) ĭnis, n. (caro 1), carde, peigne à carder : Claud. Eutr. 2, 458 ; Fort. Ep. 5, 6, 1.

carmen , inis. n.
詩。歌曲。念呪。先知言。俗例。鉄刷。

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carmen inis, n

• 1 CAS-, a song, poem, verse, oracular response, prophecy, form of incantation, tune, air, lay, strain, note, sound(vocal or instrumental): canentes carmina, L.: Carmine vocali clarus, O.: lyrae, Pr.: per me concordant carmina nervis, O.: ferale, V.: cygnorum, O.: citharā carmina divides, H.: barbaricum, O.— Esp., a composition in verse, poem, poetry, verse, song: cantūs et carmina, melodies and words: Maeonii carminis alite, H.: tragicum, H.: carmina Livi, H.: Lydis remixto carmine tibiis, H.: famosum, abusive, H.: canere, to compose: pueris canto, H.: condere, H.: contexere: fingere, H.: docere, H.: ad umbilicum adducere, H.— Lyric poetry: Carmine tu gaudes, hic delectatur iambis, H.: Carmina compono, hic elegos, H.— A poetic inscription: carminibus templorum aditūs exornare: tumulo superaddite carmen, V.—A passage from a poem, poetical extract: audiens tam grande carmen: Euripideum illud.—An oracular response, prophecy, prediction: Cumaeum, V.: in libris Sibyllinis, L.—A charm, incantation: Carminibus Circe socios mutavit Ulixi, V.: veneficae Scientioris, H.: Auxiliare, O.—A form of speech, ceremonial phrase, formula(in religious or legal observances): quae (verba) longo effata carmine, L.: diro quodam carmine iurare, L.: cruciatūs carmina: lex horrendi carminis erat, of a dreadful form, L.: Appii Caeci carmen, a proverbial saying: magistri, a school-task for the memory: sacrum, L.

Carmen

(1) De Figūris. An anonymous didactic poem on rhetorical figures discovered in a MS. at Paris, and published by Quicherat, and later by Schneidewin (Göttingen, 1841). It consists of 185 or 186 hexameters, and treats of the figures of speech in such a way that each figure has three lines of the text. The peculiarities of its diction lead one to place its date during the later Empire. See Teuffel, Hist. Roman Lit., Eng. trans., 451, 1.

(2) De Ponderĭbus et Mensūris. A poem found in some of the MSS. of Priscian, but undoubtedly earlier than his time, and probably of the fourth or fifth century A.D. It has 208 hexameters, the best edition of which is that of F. Hultsch in his Script. Metrolog. Rom. (1866).

(3) De Morĭbus. See Cato, Dionysius.

(4) De Philomēla. See Philomela.