Lycus

Lycus or -os, i, m., = Λύκος.

• Son of Pandion, king of Lycia, Mel. 1, 15, 1.—
• II A Theban, who, when Hercules descended into the Lower World, took possession of the sovereignty in Thebes, Hyg. Fab. 31 and 32. —
• III One of the Centaurs at the wedding of Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 332.—
• IV A companion of Diomedes, Ov. M. 14, 504.—
• V One of the companions of Aeneas, Verg. A. 1, 222.—
• VI An historian of Regium, the adoptive father of the tragic writer Lycophron; he wrote a history of Libya and Sicily, Plin. 31, 2, 19, § 27.—
• VII The name of several rivers.
• • A In Bithynia, the Rhyndacus, now Kilij Su, Ov. P. 4, 10, 47.—
  • B In Great Phrygia, Ov. M. 15, 273.—
  • C In Paphlagonia, Verg. G. 4, 367.—
  • D In Cilicia, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 91.—
  • E In Ionia, Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 115.—
• F A river flowing into the Euphrates, Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 84.—
• VIII An Illyrian city in the territory of the Dessaretes, Liv. 32, 9.

Lycus — Lycus (Ionia), Pleiades 638967

Lycus u. -cos, ī, m. (Λύκος), I) Sohn des Pandion, König in Lyzien, Mela 1, 15 1 (1. § 80). – II) Name vieler Flüsse, von denen am bekanntesten A) Fluß in Paphlagonien, der bei Heraklea in den Pontus sich ergießt, j. Turak, Ov. ex Pont. 4, 10, 47. – B) Fluß in Großphrygien, der in den Mäandros mündet, j. Tchoruk (Tchuruk)- Su, Ov. met. 15, 273. Plin. 2, 225 u. 5, 105. – C) Fl. in Phönizien od. im südlichen Syrien, der zwischen Byblus u. Berytus mündete, j. Nahr el Kelb od. der Hundsfluß, Plin. 5, 78. Mela 1, 12, 5 (1. § 69).

Lўcus ou Lўcŏs, ī, m. (Λύκος), roi de Béotie, époux dʼAntiope : Mela 1, 80 ; Ov. M. 15, 273 || fils de Pandion : Mela 1, 80 || nom dʼun Centaure : Ov. M. 12, 332 || guerrier troyen : Virg. En. 1, 222 || nom dʼhomme : Hor. O. 1, 32, 11 || historien de Rhégium : Plin. 31, 27 || nom de plusieurs fleuves dʼAsie : Plin. 5, 91 ; v. Lycos || fleuve du Pont : Virg. G. 4, 367.

Lycus

(Λύκος).

1. One of the sons of Aegyptus. (Apollod. 2.1.5.)

Lycus

2. A son of Poseidon and Celaeno. who was transferred by his father to the islands of the blessed. (Apollod. 3.10.1.)

Lycus

3. A son of Hyrieus, and husband of Dirce, one of the mythical kings of Thebes. (Apollod. 3.5.5; Hyg. Fab. 8.)

Lycus

4. A tyrant of Thebes, is likewise called by some a son of Poseidon, though Euripides (Here. ur. 31) calls him a son of Lycus (No. 2), but akes him come to Thebes from Euboea. In the a bsence of Heracles, L cus had attempted to destroy Megara and her children by Heracles, and killed Creon, king of Thebes, but on the return of Heracles he was killed by him. (Hyg. Fab. 32; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 38.)

Lycus

5. One of the Telchines, who is said to have gone to Lycia, and there to have built the temple of the Lycian Apollo on the river Xanthus. (Diod. 5.56.)

Lycus

6. A son of Pandion, and brothe of Aegeus, Nisus, and Pallas. He was expelled y Aegeus, and took refuge in the country of the Termili, with Sarpedon. That country was afterwards called, after him, Lycia (Hdt. 1.173, 7.92). He was honoured at Athens as a hero, and the lyceum derived its name from him. (Paus. 1.19.4; Aristoph. Wasps 408.) He is said to have raised the mysteries of the great goddesses to greater celebrity, and to have introduced them from Attica to Andania in Messenia (Paus. 4.1.4, &c.). He is sometimes also described as an ancient prophet (Paus. 4.20.2, 10.12, in fin.), and the family of the Lycomedae, at Athens, traced their name and origin to him. This family was intimately connected with the Attic mysteries, and possessed chapels in the demus of Phylae and at Andania. (Paus. 1.22.7, 4.1, 4, &c.; Plut. Themist. 1.)

Lycus

7. A Thracian who was slain by Cycnus in single combat. (Paus. 1.27.7.)

Lycus

8. A king of Lycia, who is said to have intended to sacrifice to Ares, Diomedes, who on his return fiom Troy was thrown upon the Lycian coast. But Diomedes was saved by the king's daughter Callirhoe. (Plut. Parall. Graec. et Rom. 23.)

Lycus

9. A son of Dascylus, and king of the Mariandynians, was connected with Heracles and the Argonauts by ties of hospitality. (Apollod. 1.9.23, 5i. 5.9; Apollon. 2.139.)

There are two other mythical personages of the name of Lycus. (Ov. Met. 12.232; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 132.) [L.S]

Lycus

(Λύκος).

1. Of Pharae, in Achaia, lieutenant-general of the Achaeans, for Aratus, in B. C. 217, defeated Euripidas, the Aetolian, who was acting as general of the Eleans. In the same year, Euripidas having marched with his Aetolians against Tritaea in Achaia, Lycus invaded Elis, and by a well-planned ambuscade slew 200 Eleans, and carried off 80 prisoners and much spoil. (Plb. 5.94, 95.)

Lycus

2. A commander of the Rhodians, who, when the Caunians had revolted from Rhodes, in B. C. 167, reduced them again to submission. (Plb. 30.5; Liv. 45.25.) [E.E]

Lycus

(Λύκος), of Rhegium, surnamed Βουθηρας, the father, real or adoptive, of the poet Lycophron, was an historical writer in the time of Demetrius Phalereus, who, for some unknown reason, aimed at his life. Works

Lycus wrote a history of Libya, and of Sicily, and a work on Alexander the Great. He is quoted by several ancient writers, some of whom ascribe to him also works upon Thebes and upon Nestor, which seem clearly to have been of a mythological character. Further Information

Suid. s.v. Steph. Byz. s. v. Ἁβρότονον, Σκίδρος; Schol. ad Aristoph. Pac. 924; Antig. Caryst. 46, 148, 154, 170, 188; Tzetzes, Vit. Lycophr.; Schol. ad Lycoph. 615, 1206; Schol. ad Hesiod. Theog. 326; Vossius, de Hist. Graec. p. 111, ed. Westermann; Clinton, Fast. Hell. vol. iii. p. 484. [P.S]

Lycus

(Λύκος), the name of two physicians who have generally been confounded together.

Lycus

1. A native of Napl s, who is quoted by Erotianus (Gloss. Hippocr. pp. 66, 214), and who must therefore have lived in or before the former half of the first century after Christ. He appears to have commented on the whole or part of the Hippocratic Collection, as the second book of his commentary on the treatise " De Locis in Homine," is quoted by Erotianus, but none of his writings are still extant. He is also quoted by Pliny (20.83).

Lycus

2. A native of Macedonia, who was a pupil of Quintus, in the former half of the second century after Christ (Galen, Comment. in Hippocr. " De Nat. Hom." 2.6, vol. xv. p. 136; De Muscul. Dissect. vol. xviii. pt. ii. p. 10000; De Libr. Propr. 100.2, vol. xix. p. 22), and who may perhaps be the person said by Galen (De Meth. Med. 2.7, vol. x. p. 143; Comment. in Hippocr. "De Humor." 1.7. vol. xvi. p. 82) to have belonged to the sect of the Empirici. Galen speaks of him as a contemporary, but says he was never personally acquainted with him. (De Anat. Admin. 4.10. vol. ii. p. 471.) He wrote some anatomical works, which are several times quoted and alluded to by Galen, who says they enjoyed some reputation, but had many errors in them. (De Natur. Facult. 1.17; De Anal. Admin. 1.3, 4.6, 10, vol. ii. pp. 70, 227, 449, 470; De Usu Part. 5.5, vol. iii. p. 366; Comment. in Hippoer." Epid. VI." 2.36, vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 966; De Muscul. Dissect. vol. xviii. pt. ii. pp. 926, 933.) He also composed a commentary on some of the treatises of the Hippocratic Collection, viz., the Aphorisms (Galen, Comment. in Hippocr. " Aphor." iii. praef. vol. xvii. pt. ii. p. 562), De Morbis Popularibus (id. Comment. in Hi)ppocr. "Epid. III." 1.4, vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 502), and De Humoribus (id. Comment. in Hippocr. " De Humor." 1.24, vol. xvi. p. 197), but is accused by Galen of misunderstanding and misrepresenting the sense of Hippocrates. (De Ord. Libr. suor. vol. xix. pp. 57, 58.) Galen wrote a short treatise in defence of one of the Aphorisms of Hippocrates (1.14, vol. iii. p. 710), directed against Lycus, which is still extant (vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 196, &c.), and in which he seems to treat his adversary with unjustifiable harshness and severity. (See Littré, Oeuvres d'Hippocr. vol. i. pp. 96, 106, 107.) He is quoted also by Paulus Aegineta (5.3, 12, pp. 536, 540), Oribasius (Synops. iii. p. 57, Coll. Med. 9.25, p. 378), and in Dietz's Scholia in Hippocr. et Galen. vol. ii. pp. 344, 356. [W.A.G]

LYCUS

LYCUS (Λύκος), is the name of a great many rivers, especially in Asia, and seems to have originated in the impression made upon the mind of the beholder by a torrent rushing down the side of a hill, which suggested the idea of a wolf rushing at his prey. The following rivers of this name occur in Asia Minor:--

1.

The Lycus of Bithynia: it flows in the east of Bithynia in a western direction, and empties itself into the Euxine a little to the south of Heracleia Pontica, which was twenty stadia distant from it. The breadth of the river is stated to have been two plethra, and the plain near its mouth bore the name of Campus Lycaeus. (Scylax, p. 34; Orph. Argon. 720; Arrian, Peripl. p. 14; Anonym. Peripl. p. 3; Xenoph. Anab. 6.2.3; Ov. Epist. ex Pont. 10.47; Memnon, ap. Phot. 51; Plin. Nat. 6.1, who erroneously states that Heracleia was situated on (appositum) the river.)

2.

The Lycus of Cilicia is mentioned only by Pliny (Plin. Nat. 5.22) as flowing between the Pyramus and Pinarus.

3.

The Lycus of Lydia was a tributary of the Hermus, flowing in a south-western direction by the town of Thyatira: whether it emptied itself directly into the Hermus, or only after its juncture with the Hyllus, is uncertain. (Plin. Nat. 5.31; comp. Wheler, vol. 1. p. 253; P. Lucas, Troisieme Voyage, vol. 1. p. 139, who, however, confounds the Lycus with the Hermus.)

4.

The Lycus of Phrygia, now called Tchoruk-Su, is a tributary of the Maeander, which it joins a few miles south of Tripolis. It had its sources in the eastern parts of Mount Cadmus (Strab. 12. p. 578), not far from those of the Maeander itself, and flowed in a western direction towards Colossae, near which place it disappeared in a chasm of the earth; after a distance of five stadia, however, its waters reappeared, and, after flowing close by Laodiceia, it discharged itself into the Maeander. (Hdt. 7.30; Plin. Nat. 5.29; Ptol. 5.2.8; Hamilton, Researches, vol. 1. p. 508, &c., and Journal of the Royal Geogr. Soc. 7. p. 60, who re-discovered the chasm in which the Lycus disappears, amid the ruins near CHONAS.)

5.

Pontus contained two rivers of this name:--(a.) A tributary of the Iris in the west, is now called Kulei Hissar. It has its sources in the hills of Lesser Armenia, and, after flowing for some time in a western direction, it turns towards the north, passing through Nicopolis, and emptying itself into the Iris at Magnopolis. The Lycus is almost as important a river as the Iris itself (Strab. 11. p. 529, xii. pp. 547, 556; Plut. Lucul. 15; Plin. Nat. 6.3, 4; Ov. Epist. ex Pont. 4.10, 47 ; Hierocl. p. 703; Act. Martyr. vol. iii. Jul. p. 46). (b.) A tributary of the Acampsis or Apsorrhos, in the eastern part of Pontus, and is believed to answer to the modern Gorgoro. (Ptol. 5.6.7.)

6.

According to Curtius (Curt. 3.1), the river Marsyas, which flowed through the town of Celaneae, changed its name into Lycus at the point where it rushed out of the fortifications of the place. [L.S]

LYCUS

LYCUS (Λύκος), a river of Assyria, also called Zabatus. [ZABATUS]

LYCUS

LYCUS (Λύκος), a river of Syria, between ancient Byblus and Berytus. (Strab. 16. p. 755; Plin. Nat. 5.20.) Although both these geographers mention the river Adonis as distinct from this, more to the north, between Palae-Byblus and Byblus, the two rivers have been sometimes confounded. Their Wolf-river is plainly identical with the Dog-river of the present day (Nahr-el-Kelb), about 2 hours north of Beyrût; which derives its name, says Maundrell, from an idol in the form of a dog or wolf, which was worshipped, and is said to have pronounced oracles, at this place. It is remarkable for an ancient viaduct cut in the face of a rocky promontory immediately on the south of the stream, the work of Antoninus Pius, as a Latin inscription, copied by Maundrell, and still legible, records (Journey, March 17, pp. 35--37). Cuneiform inscriptions and figures resembling those found at Behistun [BAGISTANUS MONS] would seem to indicate that the Roman emperor did but repair the work of some Persian king. There are casts of the inscriptions and figures in the British Museum.

[G.W]

LYCUS

LYCUS (Λύκος), a river of Sarmatia, which flows through the country of the Thyssagetae, and discharges itself into the Palus Maeotis. (Hdt. 4.124.) Herodotus was so much in error about the position of the Maeotis, that it is difficult to make out his geography here. The Lycus has been identified with the LAGOUS of Pliny (Plin. Nat. 6.7), or the upper course of the Volga. (Comp. Schafarik, Slav. Alt. vol. 1. p. 499.) Rennell (Geog. of Herod. vol. 1. p. 119) supposes it may be the Medweditza. It must be distinguished from the Lycus of Ptolemy (Ptol. 3.5.13), which is the modern Kalmius. (Schafarik, l. c.)

[E.B.J]

LYCUS

LYCUS (Λύκος, Ptol. 5.14.2), a river of Cyprus, W. of Amathus. At a little distance inland from Capo delle Gatte [CURIAS] are some salt marshes, which receive an arm of a river corresponding with the Lycus of Ptolemy. (Engel, Kypros, vol. 1.37.)

[E.B.J]

Lycus

(Λύκος). (1) Son of Poseidon and the Pleiad Celaeno, married to Dircé. He assumed the government of Thebes after his brother Nycteus, for Labdacus, who was a minor; and, after the death of Labdacus, for his son Laïus. He was either killed by Amphion (q.v.) and Zethus, or (according to another account) handed the government of Thebes over to them at the behest of Hermes.

(2) Son of Poseidon, tyrant of Thebes, killed by Heracles for murdering his father-in-law Creon during his absence and for plotting against his wife Megara and his children.

Lycus Lycus, a Messenian

• tomb of: Paus. 2.7.2

Lycus(2), a river in Phrygia

• flowing by Colossae: Hdt. 7.30

Lycus(3), a river in Scythia

• flowing into the Maeetian lake: Hdt. 4.123

Lycus(4), a Scythian

• Hdt. 4.76

Lycus(5), a Thracian

• slain by Cycnus: Paus. 1.27.6

Lycus(6), an Athenian

• son of Pandion; Lycia called after him: Hdt. 1.173, Hdt. 7.92; Apollod. 3.15.5; Paus. 1.19.3
• prophet: Paus. 10.12.11
• driven from Athens by his brother Aegeus: Paus. 1.19.3, Paus. 4.2.6
• brings mysteries of Great Goddesses to Andania: Paus. 4.1.4, Paus. 4.2.6
• his oracles: Paus. 4.20.4
• oak-coppice of Lycus: Paus. 4.1.6, 8
• the Termilae called Lycians after him: Paus. 1.19.3

Lycus(7), brother of Nycteus

• Paus. 2.6.2
• regent of Thebes for Labdacus and Laius, Paus. 2.6.2, Paus. 9.5.5
• charged by Nycteus to recover Antiope: Paus. 2.6.2
• defeated by sons of Antiope: Paus. 9.5.6
• his house at Thebes: Paus. 9.16.7

Lycus(8), father of patriot Thrasybulus

• Paus. 9.11.6

Lycus(9), king of the Mariandynians

• receives the Argonauts: Apollod. 1.9.22
• son of Dascylus, entertains Herakles in Mysia and receives from him part of the land of the Bebryces: Apollod. 2.5.9

Lycus, name of horse

• Paus. 6.13.10

Lycus, son of Egyptus

• husband of Agave: Apollod. 2.1.4

Lycus, son of Hyrieus

• Apollod. 3.10.1
• brother of Nycteus, banished for murder, settles at Hyria: Apollod. 3.5.4, Apollod. 3.5.5
• comes to Thebes and usurps the kingdom: Apollod. 3.11.27
• captures Sicyon and recovers Antiope: Apollod. 3.11.27
• illtreats Antiope, and is killed by her sons Amphion and Zethus: Apollod. 3.11.27, Apollod. 3.11.29

Lycus, son of Poseidon by Celaeno

• transferred by him to the Islands of the Blest: Apollod. 3.10.1