Paean
Paean, the god of healing (an epithet of Apollo)
- An appellation of Apollo, as the healing deity: signum Paeanis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127: Paeana voca, Ov. M. 14, 720; Juv. 6, 172; cf. Fest. p. 222 Müll.; Macr. S. 1, 17.—
- II Transf.
- A A religious hymn, orig. in honor of Apollo, but also transf. to other deities, a festive hymn, hymn of triumph or praise, a paean: conclamant socii laetum paeana secuti, Verg. A. 10, 738; id. ib. 6, 657: Herculeum paeana canunt, Stat. Th. 4, 157: paeanem citare, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251.—As a simple exclamation, like hymenaee: dicite io Paean, et io bis dicite Paean, shout huzza! Ov. A. A. 2, 1.—
- B The prevailing foot in the versification of such hymns, consisting of one long syllable and three short ones, Cic. Or. 64, 215 and 218 (commonly written paeon, q. v.).
- the god of healing (an epithet of Apollo): signum Paeanis: Paeana voca, O.: Parce, Paean!Iu.—A hymn to Apollo, festive hymn, hymn of triumph, paean, C.: laetus, V.: victor canebat Paeana, Pr.—The characteristic foot in the versification of paeans (of one long and three short syllables, in any order).
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…tuebere quercum, utque meum intonsis caput est iuvenale capillis, tu quoque perpetuos semper gere frondis honores. Finierat Paean factis modo laurea ramis adnuit utque caput visa est agitasse cacumen. Est nemus Haemoniae, praerupta quod undique claudit…
Ovid, Metamorphoses
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…esse alteri parti aut altero tanto aut sesqui esse maiorem. Ita fit aequalis dactylus, duplex iambus, sesquiplex paean ; qui pedes in orationem non cadere qui possunt quibus ordine locatis quod efficitur numerosum sit necesse est. sed…
M. Tullius Cicero, Orator
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…illa sunt domuerant, sonipedes ; atque illi philosopho ordiri placet a superiore paeane, posteriore finire ; est autem paean hic posterior non syllabarum numero, sed aurium mensura, quod est acrius iudicium et certius, par fere cretico…
Cicero, de Oratore
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…nonne abstulisti quid ex aede Liberae agninum caput illud pulcherrimum, quod visere solebamus, num dubitasti tollere atque ille Paean sacrificiis anniversariis simul cum Aesculapio apud illos colebatur ; Aristaeus, qui ut Graeci ferunt, liberi filius inventor olei…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…alterum oderis ; sit igitur, ut supra dixi, permixta et temperata numeris nec dissoluta nec tota numerosa, paeane maxime, quoniam optimus auctor ita censet, sed reliquis etiam nu meris, quos ille praeterit, temperata .…
M. Tullius Cicero, Orator
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…verba melius in syllabas longiores cadunt. Atque haec, quae sunt apud Aristotelem, eadem a Theophrasto Theodecteque de paeane dicuntur. ego autem sentio omnis in oratione esse quasi permixtos et confusos pedes, nec enim effugere possemus animad…
M. Tullius Cicero, Orator
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…. nunc enim quod scriptum est inani in basi declarat quid fuerit, et id ablatum indicat. quid signum Paeanis ex aede Aesculapi praeclare factum, sacrum ac religiosum, non sustulisti quod omnes propter pulchritudinem visere, propter religionem…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…verborum, sed saepe carpenda membris minutioribus oratio est, quae tamen ipsa membra sunt numeris vincienda. Neque vos paean aut herous ille conturbet ipsi occurrent orationi ; ipsi, inquam, se offerent et respondebunt non vocati. Consuetudo…
Cicero, de Oratore
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…quibus orationis generibus sint quique accommodatissimi. Iambus enim frequentissimus est in eis quae demisso atque humili sermone dicuntur ; paean autem in amplioribus, in utroque dactylus. Itaque in varia et perpetua oratione hi sunt inter se miscendi et…
M. Tullius Cicero, Orator
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…Hoc nos si facere velimus, ante condemnentur ei, quorum causas receperimus, quam totiens, quotiens praescribitur, Paeanem aut hymnum recitarimus. Quod si in gestu, qui multum oratorem adiuvat, et in voce, quae una…
Cicero, de Oratore
(Παιάν, Παιήων, Παιών, “the healer,” “helper”). In Homer (Il. v. 401, 899) the physician of the Olympian gods; then an epithet of gods who grant recovery and deliverance, especially of Apollo. The paean, which appears in Homer (Il. i. 473; xxii. 391), was connected originally with Apollo and his sister Artemis. It was a solemn song for several voices, either praying for the averting of evil and for rescue, or giving thanks for help vouchsafed. The name was, however, also used in an extended sense for invocations to other gods. The paean was struck up by the generals before the battle and by armies on the march against the enemy as well as after the victory. Similarly it was sounded when the fleet sailed out of a harbour. Paeans were sung at entertainments between the meal and the carousal, and eventually also at public funerals.