Tiridates
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Tiridati Proper-name noun: masculine genitive singular of Tiridates
- the name of several kings of Armenia, Hor. C. 1, 26, 5; Suet. Ner. 13; 30; Just. 42, 5; Tac. A. 6, 32 sqq.; Plin. 7, 39, 40, § 129; 30, 2, 6, § 16.
the son of Vologeses. [Tiridates II.]
(Τηριδάτης), or Terid'tes, a common Eastern name, more particularly among the Parthians.
1. A beautiful eunuch, at whose death Artaxerxes was inconsolable. (Aelian, V. H. ii.l.)
2. The guardian of the royal treasures at Persepolis, wrote to Alexander to inform him that the inhabitants wished to seize the treasures, and to beg him to march with all speed to the city. In consequence of this information Tiridates was left by Alexander in the same post which he had occupied under Dareius. He was afterwards made satrap of the Gedrosii and Arimaspi by Alexander. (Curt. 5.5, 6; Diod. 17.69, 81.)
3. The second king of Parthia. [Arsaces II.]
4. One of the royal race of the Arsacidae, was proclaimed king of Parthia in place of Phraates IV. (Arsaces XV.), whose cruelties had produced a rebellion of his subjects and led to his expulsion from his kingdom. Phraates, however. was restored to the throne soon afterwards, and Tiridates fled for refuge to Augustus, who refused to give him up to Phraates. This happened about B. C. 23. (D. C. 51.18, 53.33; Justin, 42.5; Hor. Carm. 1.26.) [Arsaces XV.]
5. Probably a grandson of Phraates IV., was set up by Tiberius in A. D. 35 as a claimant to the Parthian throne in opposition to Artabanus III. (Arsaces XIX.) The history of his was with Artabanus III. and of his short reign is related elsewhere. [Arsaces XIX.]
6. King of Armenia, and brother of Vologeses I. (Arsaces XXIII.), king of Parthia. He was made king of Armenia by his brother, but was driven out of the kingdom by Corbulo, the Roman general, and finally received the Armenian crown from Nero at Rome in A. D. 63, as is more fully related in the life of Vologeses I. [Arsaces XXIII.]
7. Tiridates II., king of Armenia, was the son of the Armenian king Vologeses. He was in the power of the Romans, from whom he escaped, and fled for refuge to Vologeses V. (Arsaces XXX.), king of Parthia. The Parthians, however, surrendered him to Caracalla, when the latter demanded him in A. D. 215, and backed his demand with an army. Tiridates must, however, have again escaped from captivity, for we find him at a later time on the Armenian throne. Macrinus, who was unwilling to prosecute the war against him, which had been commenced by Caracalla, concluded a peace with him, and sent him the diadem. (D. C. 77.19, 21, 78.27, with the notes of Reimarus.)
8. Tiridates III., king of Armenia, the son of Chosroes. His father was assassinated by the emissaries of Sapor I., king of Persia, who made Armenia a province of the Persian empire, and placed a certain Artavasdes on the throne, about A. D. 258. Tiridates, who was then an infant, was saved by the fidelity of a servant and carried to the Romans, by whom he was educated with great care. (Moses Choren. 2.71, 73, 74. * Zonaras speaks (12.21) of Tiridates as king of Armenia at this time, and says that after he fled to the Romans, his children joined the Persians ; but this is clearly a mistake, for the subsequent narrative shows that the account of the Armenian historian is correct. See Gibbon, C. X. note 134.) After he had lived under the protection of the Roman emperors for nearly thirty years, he was restored to the throne of his ancestors at the commencement of the reign of Diocletian. Although Tiridates displayed the greatest energy and courage, he was unable long to retain possession of his kingdom against the overwhelming power of the Persian monarchy. He was expelled from Armenia by Narses, and Was obliged to take refuge a second time at the court of the Roman emperors. This led to a war between Rome and Persia, in which Narses was completely defeated and obliged to submit to a humiliating peace, A. D. 298. One of the conditions of this peace was the restoration of Tiridates to the Armenian throne. [Sassanidae, p. 717a.] (Moses Choren, lib. ii.)
or Teridātes (Τηριδάτης). (1) The second king of Parthia. (See Arsaces II.)
(2) King of Armenia, and brother of Vologeses I. (Arsaces XXIII.), king of Parthia. He was made king of Armenia by his brother, but was driven out of the kingdom by Corbulo, the Roman general, and finally received the Armenian crown from Nero at Rome in A.D. 63.