pessum

pessum, adv. [prob. contr. from pedis-versum, πέζα, πέδον, towards the feet; like susum, sursum, from sub-versum; hence, in gen.], to the ground, to the bottom, down (mostly ante-class. and post-Aug.; esp. freq. in the connection pessum ire and pessum dare).

• I Lit.: nunc eam (cistellulam) cum navi scilicet abisse pessum in altum, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 64 (394): quando abiit rete pessum, id. Truc. 1, 1, 15 (36); and: ne pessum abeat (ratis), id. Aul. 4, 1, 12 (598): multae per mare pessum Subsedere urbes, have gone to the bottom, been swallowed up, Lucr. 6, 589: ubi dulcem caseum demiseris in eam (muriam), si pessum ibit, etc. (opp. si innatabit), goes to the bottom, sinks, Col. 12, 6, 2 (cf. also the fig. taken from a ship, in II.): ut (lacus) folia non innatantia ferat, sed pessum et penitus accipiat, Mel. 3, 9, 2: sidentia pessum Corpora caesa tenent, Luc. 3, 674: quam celsa cacumina pessum Tellus victa dedit, sent to the bottom, id. 5, 616: pessum mergere pedes, Prud. praef. ap. Symm. 2, 36.—
• II Trop.
• • A Pessum ire, and rarely pessum sidere, to fall to the ground, go to ruin; to sink, perish: quia miser non eo pessum, etc., Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 12 (214): pessum ituros fecundissimos Italiae campos, si, etc., Tac. A. 1, 79: pessum iere vitae pretia, Plin. H. N. 14 prooem. § 5: vitia civitatis degenerantis et pessum suā mole sidentis, Sen. Const. Sap. 2, 3.—
  • B Pessum dare (less correctly, in one word, pessumdare or pessundare), rarely pessum premere, agere, deicere, to send to the bottom, to sink, ruin, destroy, undo; to put out of the world, put an end to: pessum dare aliquem verbis, Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 47: pessum dedisti me blandimentis tuis, Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 23 (507); id. Merc. 5, 2, 6 (847): exemplum pessumum pessum date, do away with, remove, id. Rud. 3, 2, 3 (617): quae res plerumque magnas civitates pessum dedit, Sall. J. 42, 4: quae, si non astu providentur, me aut erum pessum dabunt, Ter. And. 208: multos etiam bonos pessum dedit, Tac. A. 3, 66 fin.: ingentes hostium copias, Val. Max. 4, 4, 5: sin (animus) ad inertiam et voluptates corporis pessumdatus est, has sunk into indolence, Sall. J. 1, 4: aliquem pro suis factis pessumis pessum premere, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 (1170): aetate pessum actā, i. e. brought to an end, Auct. ap. Lact. 1, 11: nec sum mulier, nisi eam pessum de tantis opibus dejecero, Ap. Met. 5, 10, 18; cf. id. ib. 5, 26, 20.

pessum, i, n. (collat. form pes-sus, i, m., Plin. Val. 1, 5 fin.; Theod. Prisc. 2, 5), = πεσσόν, πεσσός, in medic. lang.,

• a pessary, App. Herb. 121; Theod. Prisc. 3, 5 (in Cels. 5, 21, written as Greek).

1. pessum, ī, n. od. pessus, ī, m. (πεσσόν, πεσσός), mediz. t. t. = das Mutterzäpfchen, der Mutterkranz, Ps. Apul. herb. 121. Th. Prisc. 3, 5.

2. pessum, Adv. (viell. aus pet-tum, altind. pátati, fällt, griech. πί-πτω), eig. fußwärts zu Boden, zu Grunde, in den Verbindungen: p. ire (wie venum ire), zu Boden fallen, auf den Grund sinken, caseus p. ibit, Colum.; dah. bildl., zugrunde gehen, umkommen, unglücklich sein, Cic. fr., Plaut. u. Tac. – ferner abiit rete pessum, Plaut.: p. mergere, Prud.: p. sidere, auf den Grund (zu Boden) sinken, Sen.: p. subsedere urbes, sanken in den Grund, Lucr.: cum navi abisse p. in altum, tief in den Abgrund gegangen, versunken, Plaut.: ferner p. premere, zu Boden drücken, bildl., Plaut.: p. deicere, zu Boden stürzen, bildl., Apul.: p. aetas acta est, die Jahre sind zu Ende gegangen, Enn. – Insbes., pessum do (auch pessumdo od. pessundo geschr.), dedī, datum, dare, zugrunde gehen-, fallen lassen, in die Tiefe hinabstürzen, Lucan. 5, 616 sq. – bildl., zugrunde gehen lassen, zugrunde richten, verderben, aus der Welt schaffen, unglücklich machen, Plaut., Ter. u. Ov.: Passiv, ad inertiam p. datus est, ist zur Trägheit herabgesunken, Sall.

pessum [CL] , to the lowest part, to the bottom, to destruction or ruin (usu. transf. or fig.).  b (pessumdare, pessundare, al. div); to push down, send to the bottom, to destroy, to ruin. c (pessumire, al. div., or w. abire) to sink down, go under, be destroyed. pesuma [sic], confracta GlC P 349; pessum, interitum Gl. Leid. 35. 305; nunc pessum figit acumen / grammatice cunis et vocum circuit apta / federa Hanv. III 172; passus, ut expensis impensa pecunia pessum / pessima pressetur, meritamque ut naufraga penam / naufragii lativa ferat Ib. VI 277.  b sic dux ipse ferox devastans omnia pressit, / dans simul in pessum pueros juvenesque senesque Alcuin SS Ebor 528; ad totum Britannie regnum sibi subjugandum vel pessumdandum Gosc. Transl. Mild. 5 p. 160; ut ‥ uno prelio ‥ servituti se patriamque pessundederint W. Malm. GR III 245; jus pessum civile datur; lex utraque languet L. Durh. Dial. II 43; cunctis tandem pessundatis controversiis et Lothario conciliato religiose vivere et consulte imperium regere sategit R. Niger Chr. II 151; illud [frustum] pessundo semper et sub aliis peno subiciens, et statim apparet super omnia alia Map NC II 23 f. 31v; crebro illos [igneos denarios] numerare compellor et ex contrectatione eorum ipsas manus et digitos pessumdatos habeo Ad. Eyns. Visio 21 p. 318; 1274 nec aliquis nomine suo nec per ipsum boscum suum pessum dabit, nec domum prosternet, nec aliquod aliud vastum faciet contra consuetudinem Judaismi SelPlJews 80.  c jam tunc profecto pessumissent nisi Ambrosius ‥ opera pressisset W. Malm. GR I 8; monasteria per totam provintiam vice siderum micantia pessumierant Id. GP III 116 p. 253; nichil ‥ magis Deo gratum quam populum pessum [corrected from pessimum] euntem in viam veritatis revocare Id. Wulfst. I 8 p. 14; contingebat in adversam partem pessum ire G. Font. Inf. S. Edm. 7 p. 42; abite ‥ pessum divitie pessime P. Blois Ep. 81. 251B.

1 pessum, (14) adv., ¶ 1 au fond : abire Pl. Aul. 598 ; Rud. 395, sʼen aller au fond [de la mer], cf. Lucr. 6, 589 ¶ 2 [fig.] a) pessum ire Tac. Ann. 1, 79, aller à sa ruine, à sa perte ; sidere Sen. Const. 2, 2, sʼécrouler ; b) pessum dare, v. pessumdo ; [fig.] aliquem pessum premere Pl. Most. 1171, écraser qqn, lʼanéantir.

2 pessum, ī, n. ou pessus, ī, m. (πεσσόν, πεσσός), pessaire : Ps. Apul. Herb. 121 ; Th. Prisc. 3, 5.

pessum . adv.
往下。沈。敗。— premere 踐踏。壓伏。Ire vel subsidere pessum 沉。降下。Verbis eum — dare 以言凌辱人。

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pessum adv.

• PED-, to the ground, to the bottom.—With dare, to send to the bottom, ruin, destroy, undo: me aut erum pessum dabunt (nuptiae), T.: sin (animus) ad inertiam pessum datus est, has been abandoned, S.—With ire, to be ruined: pessum ituros campos, Ta.