praeiudicium

prae-jūdĭcĭum, ii, n.

• Lit., a preceding judgment, sentence, or decision, a precedent (class.): praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur: rebus, quae aliquando ex paribus causis sunt judicatae, quae exempla rectius dicuntur: judiciis ad ipsam causam pertinentibus: unde etiam nomen ductum est: aut cum de eādem causā pronuntiatum est, etc., Quint. 5, 2, 1: de quo non praejudicium, sed plane judicium jam factum putatur, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 12 (praejudicium dicitur res, quae cum statuta fuerit, affert judicaturis exemplum, quod sequantur: judicium autem res, quae causam litemque determinat, Ascon.): apud eosdem judices reus est factus, cum is duobus praejudiciis jam damnatus esset, Cic. Clu. 22, 59: praejudicium a se de capite C. Verris per hoc judicium nolle fieri, id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152; cf. id. Mur. 28, 60; id. Inv. 2, 20, 59 sq.: Cicero pro Milone non ante narravit, quam praejudiciis omnibus reum liberavit, from all preceding judgments, Quint. 6, 5, 10: postulavit, ne cognitioni Caesaris praejudicium fieret, preceding judgment, precedent, Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 6.—
• II Transf.
• • A Any thing that precedes another thing in such manner that we can judge or conclude from it what is further to happen, a precedent, example: Pompeius nullo proelio pulsus, vestri facti praejudicio demotus Italiā excessit, by the example of your conduct (which he feared would be imitated), Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 3: an Africi belli praejudicia sequimini? id. ib. § 14 fin.: orabat ut se praejudicio juvarem, Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 2: statim quaestor ejus in praejudicium aliquot criminibus arreptus est, as an example of what was to happen to himself, Suet. Caes. 23.—
  • B A damage, disadvantage, prejudice (post-class.): praejudicium in patrem quaeri, Sen. Ben. 4, 35, 2: absque praejudicio, Gell. 2, 2, 7: neque enim alimentorum causa veritati facit praejudicium, does no harm, Dig. 1, 6, 10: sine ullo litis praejudicio, ib. 26, 2, 27; Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 21.—
  • C A judicial examination previous to a trial: quoties de hoc contenditur, an quis libertus sit, etc., ... redditur praejudicium, Dig. 40, 14, 6: patronus in praejudicio possessor esse videtur, ib. 22, 3, 18.—
  • D A decision made beforehand or before the proper time: neminem praejudicium rei tantae afferre, Liv. 3, 40.

prae-iūdicium, iī, n., die Vorentscheidung, der Vorbescheid, der vorgreifende Spruch, das Präjudiz, die vorgängige, vorgreifende Entscheidung, die einer späteren Entscheidung in einer anderen od. in derselben Sache als Rorm dienen kann oder muß (vgl. Quint. 5, 2, 1), I) eig. u. übtr.: a) eig., als gerichtl. t. t.: de quo non praeiudicium, sed plane iudicium iam pactum putatur, Cic. div. in Caecil. 12: praeiudicium se de capite C. Verris per hoc iudicium nolle fieri, Cic. Verr. 3, 152: postulavit, ne cognitioni Caesaris praeiudicium fieret, Plin. ep. 7, 6, 6: apud eosdem iudices reus est factus, cum duobus praeiudiciis iam damnatus esset, Cic. Clu. 59: u. so Cic. Mur. 60. Cic. de inv. 2, 59 u. 60. Quint. 6, 5, 10. Suet. Caes. 23, 1. – b) übtr.: neminem praeiudicium rei tantae afferre, vorgreifend, voreilig entscheide, der Entscheidung (des Senates usw.) vorgreife, Liv. 3, 40, 11 W. – II) meton.: A) eine auf vorläufige richterliche Feststellung eines Rechtsverhältnisses, bes. des status einer Person gerichtete Klage, die Präjudizialklage, ICt. – B) der durch eine vorgreifende Entscheidung entstehende Nachteil, Eintrag, das Präjudiz, Sen., Gell. u. ICt.: neque veritati facit pr., schadet nichts, ICt. – C) das für das Benehmen anderer od. für andere Ereignisse im voraus entscheidende, maßgebende Beispiel, Pompeius vestri facti praeiudicio demotus Italiā excessit, Caes. p. c. 2, 32, 2: orabat ut se praeiudicio iuvarem, Plin. ep. 5, 1, 2: Italiae fugam, Hispaniarum deditionem, Africi belli praeiudicia sequimini! die nur einen schlimmen Ausgang versprechenden bisherigen Ereignisse des afr. Kr., Caes. b. c. 2, 32, 12.

praejudicium, ii. n.
先定斷罪。表樣。先估。損。虧。預必。成見。Vestri facti praejudicio demotus 因汝之表樣。

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prae-iūdicium ī, n

• a preceding judgment, anticipatory sentence, previous decision, precedent: his duobus praeiudiciis damnatus: neminem praeiudicium rei tantae adferre, i. e. anticipate the judgment (of the Senate), L.—A precedent, example: vestri facti praeiudicio demotus, by the example of your conduct, Cs.: Africi belli praeiudicia sequi, Cs.

Praeiudicium

A term used both in the sense of a precedent, in which case it is rather exemplum than praeiudicium, and also in the sense of a preliminary inquiry and determination about something which belongs to the matter in dispute (iudiciis ad ipsam causam pertinentibus), from whence also comes the name praeiudicium.