the
THE
As an article not to be rendered by any corresponding word. But ☞ if a substantive with the article is followed and defined by a relative clause it should be translated by is (ea id).
Emphatic may sometimes be represented by ille illa illud or is ea id or iste a ud. That is the man is est vir iste: is this the man who? hiccine est ille qui? Alexander the Great Alexander ille magnus.
Before a comparative hoc eo etc.; e.g. he did the more easily persuade them to it id hoc fecilius eis persuasit: (in order) that... the more easily etc. quo facilius etc.
The - the; quo - eo; eo - quo; tanto - quanto (☞ observe however that the clause with quo quanto often precedes). The denser the atmosphere the nearer to the earth eo crassior aer est quo terris propior: the shorter the time the happier it is tanto brevius tempus quo felicius est; ☞ Grotef. § 164; Zumpt § 487. Sometimes quam - tam (with superlative; e.g. quam quisque pessime fecit tam maxime tutus est Sall. Jug. 31 14; but this is rare). In general propositions instead of the comparative we find the superlative with ut quisque... ita; e.g. the better a man is the more backward he is to esteem others bad ut quisque est vir optimus ita difficillime alios improbos suspicatur; ☞ Grotef. § 164. Then also the particles which connect the two propositions and the verb sum are omitted in which case quisque is put after the superlative; e.g. the wiser a person is the more calmly does he die sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; ☞ Grotef. § 252 Obs. 4; Zumpt § 710. The sooner the better quam primum: primo quoque tempore or die (☞ quantocius is quite unclassical).
As an article not to be rendered by any corresponding word. But ☞ if a substantive with the article is followed and defined by a relative clause it should be translated by is (ea id).
Emphatic may sometimes be represented by ille illa illud or is ea id or iste a ud. That is the man is est vir iste: is this the man who? hiccine est ille qui? Alexander the Great Alexander ille magnus.
Before a comparative hoc eo etc.; e.g. he did the more easily persuade them to it id hoc fecilius eis persuasit: (in order) that... the more easily etc. quo facilius etc.
The - the; quo - eo; eo - quo; tanto - quanto (☞ observe however that the clause with quo quanto often precedes). The denser the atmosphere the nearer to the earth eo crassior aer est quo terris propior: the shorter the time the happier it is tanto brevius tempus quo felicius est; ☞ Grotef. § 164; Zumpt § 487. Sometimes quam - tam (with superlative; e.g. quam quisque pessime fecit tam maxime tutus est Sall. Jug. 31 14; but this is rare). In general propositions instead of the comparative we find the superlative with ut quisque... ita; e.g. the better a man is the more backward he is to esteem others bad ut quisque est vir optimus ita difficillime alios improbos suspicatur; ☞ Grotef. § 164. Then also the particles which connect the two propositions and the verb sum are omitted in which case quisque is put after the superlative; e.g. the wiser a person is the more calmly does he die sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; ☞ Grotef. § 252 Obs. 4; Zumpt § 710. The sooner the better quam primum: primo quoque tempore or die (☞ quantocius is quite unclassical).
the:
I. The article: no equiv.: the foll. sentences should be observed, in which the constr. partly expr. the art., or an equiv. dem. pron. is used: t. people of Achaia and also t. people of Asia, Achaici itemque in Asia (οἱ ἐν τῆ Ἀσίᾳ), Cic. Att. 11, 15, 1: t. last two letters of t. word optimus, postremae duae literae quae sunt in "optimus," id. Orat. 48, 161: they pretend that it is a votive offering for their return: t. report spreads, votum pro reditu simulant: ea fama vagatur, Virg. Aen. 2, 17: t. Hercules of Xenophon, Hercules Xenophontius ille, Cic. Fam. 5, 12 (here we have the ille of celebrity, Lat. Gr. § 365): I wish we could say t. same with truth, vellem nobis hoc idem vere dicere liceret, id. Off. 3, 1, 1: I am in the enjoyment of repose, but not t. repose which he ought to enjoy who formerly gave repose to the state, otio fruor, non illo quidem, quo debebat is, qui quondam peperisset otium civitati, id. ib. 3, 1, 3. [N.B.--The practice of some modern Latinists, who use the Greek article on emergency, is always to be avoided: see Nägelsb. Styl. p. 21, sq.]
II. The abl. of the demonstrative: expr. by the abl. of manner (Lat. Gr. § 321), eo, hoc, etc.: he persuades them t. more easily to this, id hoc facilius iis persuasit, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: for quo = ut eo, see Lat. Gr. § 453. Usu. it has a correl., t. ... t.: it is then expr. by (i.) eo ... quo; hoc ... quo; tanto ... quanto; the rel. clause usu. preced.: t. less he sought glory t. more it followed him, quo minus gloriam petebat illo magis eum sequebatur, Sall. C. 54: t. more clever and gifted a man is t. more laboriously does he teach, quo quisque est sollertior et ingeniosior eo docet laboriosius, Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 31: t. longer he is away t. more I wish for him, quanto diutius abest magis cupio tanto, Ter. Heaut 3, 1, 15 (quantum magis ... eo acrius occurs in Liv. 3, 15) (ii.) it may also be expr. by ut ... ita (Lat. Gr. § 356), ut being mostly foll. by quisque, and both clauses usu. having a superl.: but the comp. and even the pos. are used sometimes: at times the force of the superl. is expr. by the verb or subs.: also ita is sometimes omitted. T. better a man is t. less inclined is he to suspect others to be wicked, ut quisque est vir optimus ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, 12: we are so framed by nature that there is a bond of union amongst all, but it is t. stronger t. more nearly we are related, ita natos esse nos ut inter omnes esset societas quaedam, major autem ut quisque proxime accederet, id. Am. 5, 19: see Lat.-Eng. Dict. under ut, A, II., iii. Sometimes both correlatives are omitted, and only quisque retained with the superl. in both clauses: t. wiser a man is t. more calmly he dies, sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur, Cic. Sen. 22, 83. (iii.) it is much less freq expr. by quam ... tam: t. more ... t. more, quam magis ... tam magis, Virg. Aen. 7, 787 (without tam, id. G. 3, 309): quam magis ... tanto (artius), Pl. Men. 1, 1, 19: t. worse a man acts t. safer is he, quam quisque pessime fecit tam maxime tutus est, Sall. J. 31. [N.B.--quantocius, t. sooner t. better, occurs only in Sulp. Sev.]
I. The article: no equiv.: the foll. sentences should be observed, in which the constr. partly expr. the art., or an equiv. dem. pron. is used: t. people of Achaia and also t. people of Asia, Achaici itemque in Asia (οἱ ἐν τῆ Ἀσίᾳ), Cic. Att. 11, 15, 1: t. last two letters of t. word optimus, postremae duae literae quae sunt in "optimus," id. Orat. 48, 161: they pretend that it is a votive offering for their return: t. report spreads, votum pro reditu simulant: ea fama vagatur, Virg. Aen. 2, 17: t. Hercules of Xenophon, Hercules Xenophontius ille, Cic. Fam. 5, 12 (here we have the ille of celebrity, Lat. Gr. § 365): I wish we could say t. same with truth, vellem nobis hoc idem vere dicere liceret, id. Off. 3, 1, 1: I am in the enjoyment of repose, but not t. repose which he ought to enjoy who formerly gave repose to the state, otio fruor, non illo quidem, quo debebat is, qui quondam peperisset otium civitati, id. ib. 3, 1, 3. [N.B.--The practice of some modern Latinists, who use the Greek article on emergency, is always to be avoided: see Nägelsb. Styl. p. 21, sq.]
II. The abl. of the demonstrative: expr. by the abl. of manner (Lat. Gr. § 321), eo, hoc, etc.: he persuades them t. more easily to this, id hoc facilius iis persuasit, Caes. B. G. 1, 2: for quo = ut eo, see Lat. Gr. § 453. Usu. it has a correl., t. ... t.: it is then expr. by (i.) eo ... quo; hoc ... quo; tanto ... quanto; the rel. clause usu. preced.: t. less he sought glory t. more it followed him, quo minus gloriam petebat illo magis eum sequebatur, Sall. C. 54: t. more clever and gifted a man is t. more laboriously does he teach, quo quisque est sollertior et ingeniosior eo docet laboriosius, Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 31: t. longer he is away t. more I wish for him, quanto diutius abest magis cupio tanto, Ter. Heaut 3, 1, 15 (quantum magis ... eo acrius occurs in Liv. 3, 15) (ii.) it may also be expr. by ut ... ita (Lat. Gr. § 356), ut being mostly foll. by quisque, and both clauses usu. having a superl.: but the comp. and even the pos. are used sometimes: at times the force of the superl. is expr. by the verb or subs.: also ita is sometimes omitted. T. better a man is t. less inclined is he to suspect others to be wicked, ut quisque est vir optimus ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, 12: we are so framed by nature that there is a bond of union amongst all, but it is t. stronger t. more nearly we are related, ita natos esse nos ut inter omnes esset societas quaedam, major autem ut quisque proxime accederet, id. Am. 5, 19: see Lat.-Eng. Dict. under ut, A, II., iii. Sometimes both correlatives are omitted, and only quisque retained with the superl. in both clauses: t. wiser a man is t. more calmly he dies, sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur, Cic. Sen. 22, 83. (iii.) it is much less freq expr. by quam ... tam: t. more ... t. more, quam magis ... tam magis, Virg. Aen. 7, 787 (without tam, id. G. 3, 309): quam magis ... tanto (artius), Pl. Men. 1, 1, 19: t. worse a man acts t. safer is he, quam quisque pessime fecit tam maxime tutus est, Sall. J. 31. [N.B.--quantocius, t. sooner t. better, occurs only in Sulp. Sev.]