scalprum

scalprum, i, n. (collat. form scalper, ri, m., Cels. 8, 3) [scalpo],

• a sharp cutting instrument; a chisel, knife, etc., of sculptors, husbandmen, shoemakers, surgeons, etc., Liv. 27, 49; Col. 4, 25, 1; Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; Cels. 8, 3 sq.; Sen. Ep. 65, 13.—A penknife, Tac. A. 5, 8; Suet. Vit. 2.—Of a pruning-knife, Plin. 17, 16, 26, § 119.

scalprum, ī, n. u. (bei Celsus) scalper, prī, m. (scalpo), ein scharfes Schneideinstrument, a) die Schusterahle, der Kneif, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 106: scalprum anglatum (= angulatum), Corp. inscr. Lat. 4, 1712. – b) der Grabstichel, Meißel, Sen. ep. 65, 13 (neben lima): fabrile (wie ihn die Handwerker brauchen), Liv. 27, 49, 1 u. Oros. 4, 18, 2 (Zimmermannsmeißel). – bes. als chirurg. Instrum., ferale scalprum (Lanzette zum Aderlassen), Lampr.: si nigrities (subest), angulo scalpri (mit der Ecke des M.) sinus exiguus fit, Cels.: tum excisorius scalper (Schneidemeißel) ab altero foramine ad alterum malleolo adactus id quod inter utrumque medium est excīdit, Cels.: satis est id quod eminet plano scalpro excīdere, Cels.: ad manum scalprumque veniendum est, Cels. – c) das Federmesser, Tac. ann. 5, 8. Suet. Vit. 2, 3 (wo vollst. sc. librarium). – d) das Gartenmesser, Winzermesser (falx, falx vinitoria), Plin. 17, 119 (b. Colum. 4, 25, 1 vom vordersten Teile des Winzermessers, die vordere gerade Schneide). – ➳ Vulg. Nbf. scalprus, ī, m., Isid. orig. 19, 19, 13.

scalprum, ~us [CL], (in gl. or list of words) small knife, tool for cutting, scraping, paring, pruning, shaving, grating, or boring; b (used as engraving tool); c (used to scrape parchment to delete writing, in quot. fig.); d (as cobbler's tool). de brocheo. ‥ sceptrum, ~um, a quo diminutive scalpellum Aldh. PR 116; ~o, bore GlC S 136; hoc ~um, -i, i. e. †crupulus [MS: cnipulus] Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 551; ~um, cultellum unde inciditur Ib. 564; a buttyr, ~um, ~us; ‥ a cheselle, celtis ‥ ~us; ‥ penneknyfe, ~um ‥ ~us; ‥ a schave, schalprum; a schavynge knyfe, sculprum CathA; ~um, a grate, or a shave; ‥ hec costa, ~um, a rybe WW.  b cum ~o incidendo ‥ cum ~o parvas imaginulas ‥ coaptans ‥ tam graviter manum sinistram ‥ vulneravit ut per mediam manum gutta sanguinis alia ex parte stillaret Chr. Evesham 44.  c Martianus ‥ grammaticam cum ~o, ferula et unguentaria pyxide medicorum ‥ ~o ‥ oris vitia purgat, et infantium linguas ‥ radit ‥ peccantes castigat ferula J. Sal. Met. 851D.  d cerdones ‥ †rudunt [? l. radunt] illa coria cum cultro qui dicitur ~um Garl. Dict. 131.

scalprum, (14) ī, n. (scalpo), outil tranchant : Hor. S. 2, 3, 106, tranchet || Liv. 27, 49, 1, burin, ciseau || Cato Agr. 42 ; Col. Rust. 4, 25, 1 ; Plin. 17, 119, serpette || Cels. Med. 8, 3, lancette, bistouri, scalpel || Tac. Ann. 5, 8 ; Suet. Vitell. 2, canif.

➳ scalprus, m. , Isid. Orig. 19, 19, 13.

scalprum , i. n.
砍刀。銀刀。鐮鈎。— librarium 削筆刀。— fabrile 宰牛刀。

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scalprum ī, n

• SCARP-, a sharp cutting instrument, chisel, knife: fabrile, carpenter's chisel, L.: Si scalpra (emat) non sutor, shoemaker's knives, H.—A penknife, Ta.

SCALPRUM

SCALPRUMwas the name which might no doubt be applied to any instrument which could be said scalpere, and so it includes both cutting and chiselling tools. Under the former head we have:-- 1. The shoemaker's knife for cutting leather = the Greek σμίλη or σμιλίον (Hor. Sat. 2.3, 106; Pollux, 7.83; Plat. Rep. 1. p. 353 A, Alc. 1. p. 129 C). There is a distinction between the σμίλη, which has a straight blade like an ordinary knife blade, and the τομεὺς or περιτομεύς, also used by leather-cutters, which had a crescent-shaped blade (Olympiodor. p. 210). Blümner (Technol. 1.273) identifies the scalprum with the. straight-bladed (σμίλη, and the culter crepidarius with the rounded τομεύς. 2. Scalprum librarium (καλαμογλύφος, a penknife (Tac. Ann. 5.8; Suet. Vit. 2) = σμίλη δονακογλύφος (Anth. P. 6.295), which was used to make the point of the reed-pen. [CALAMUS]3. A grafting-knife for gardeners (Plin. Nat.17.119).4. A surgeon's knife (Cels. 8.3): both σμίλη and τομεὺς are names of ἰατρῶν ἐργαλεῖα (Poll. 4.181). [See woodcut under CHIRURGIA]

As a chisel we have the scalprum fabrile (Liv. 27.49), alike for wood and stone, in form resembling a modern chisel (see cut under CIRCINUS) and = the Greek γλύφανον: it was struck with a mallet (malleus), for which the Greek equivalent is κολαπτήρ, for Rich and Liddell and Scott are probably mistaken in understanding the κολαπτὴρ to be a chisel. (See Blümner, Technologie, 2.211, 3.93.)

[G.E.M]

Scalprum

(σμίλη, κολαπτήρ). A sharp instrument for cutting, varying in form and use from a common chisel (scalprum fabrile) driven by a mallet (Livy, xxvii. 49), to a penknife. The word is also applied to a pruning-hook (see falx), to a cobbler's knife (Pollux, vii. 83), and a surgical instrument (see scalpellum).