apex

ăpex, ĭcis, m. [etym. acc. to Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 270, and Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll., from apo, to join to, whence aptus; cf. Van. Etym. p. 33], the extreme end of a thing, the point, summit, top (syn.: cacumen, summa, fastigium, culmen, vertex); hence,

• I Lit., the small rod at the top of the flamen's cap, wound round with wool, Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 683; 10, 270.—Hence,
• II Transf.
• • A (As pars pro toto.) The conical cap of the flamen, ornamented with this rod: QVEI. APICEM. INSIGNE. DIALIS. FLAMINIS. GESISTEI, Epitaph. Scip. Grotef. 2, 299: apicem dialem, Liv. 6, 41: apex e capite prolapsus, Val. Max. 1, 1, n. 4.—Hence, of the priesthood itself: homo honestus non apice insignis, Sen. ap. Lact. 17, 6.—
  • B Any hat or helmet, a crown: ab aquilā Tarquinio apicem impositum putent, Cic. Leg. 1, 1: regum apices, Hor. C. 3, 21, 20: ardet apex capiti, Verg. A. 10, 270; 2, 683.—Of birds, the crest, Plin. 11, 37, 44, § 121.—
  • C A projecting point or summit.
  • • 1 Lit., of trees: lauri, Verg. A. 7, 66.—Of a headland: sublimis, Juv. 12, 72: montis apex, Sil. 12, 709; so Vulg. Judith, 7, 3.—Of the point of a sickle, Col. 4, 25, 1.—Of the summit of a flame, Ov. M. 10, 279 et saep.—
    • 2 Trop., the highest ornament or honor, the crown of a thing: apex est senectutis auctoritas, Cic. Sen. 17, 60: hinc apicem Fortuna sustulit, hic posuisse gaudet, Hor. C. 1, 34, 14.—
  • D.1 In gram., the long mark over a vowel, Quint. 1, 7, 2; 1, 4, 10; 1, 5, 23; Victor. p. 2469 P.—Hence, trop.: nullum apicem quaestionis praetermittere, Arn. 3 init.—
  • • 2 The forms or outlines of the letters: litterarum apices, Gell. 13, 30, 10; 17, 9, 12.—Hence (per synecdochen),
  • E A letter or any other writing: apicum oblator, Sid. Ep. 6, 8: Augusti apices, i.e. rescripts, Cod. Just. 2, 8, 6 fin.—
• F Of the point or apex of a Hebrew letter, put fig. for the least particle, tittle (eccl. Lat.; Gr. ἡ κεραία): iota unum aut unus apex non praeteribit a lege, Vulg. Matt. 5, 18; ib. Luc. 16, 17.

apex, picis, m. (apio), die äußerste (konisch geformte) Spitze, der äußerste Gipfel, die Kuppe u. dgl., I) im allg.: lauri, Verg.: montis, Ov.: u. so gratus Iulo sublimis apex, die Lieblingsspitze (des albanischen Berges), Iuven.: obelisci, Plin.: eiusque (sc. falcis) velut apex pronus imminens mucro vocatur, Col. – von dem fast kegelförmig in die Luft aufwirbelnden »Feuerflämmchen« (an sich od. von einem größern Feuer ausgehend), Verg. u. Ov. – übtr. = höchster Gipfel, höchste Stufe, Romani fastigii, Pacat.: tenere summum apicem perfectionis, Arnob.: u. von hoher Stufe der Ehren, dignitatum apices maximi, Amm. – II) insbes.: A) die an der Spitze des albus galerus (der weißen Mütze) der Flamines befindliche, mit Wolle umwundene Rute (virga oleaginea), Serv. Verg. Aen. 2, 683; 10, 270. Paul. ex Fest. 10, 12. – dah. meton. (pars pro toto) = albus galerus, die vom Felle eines Opferlammes kegelförmig zusammengenähte u. mit genannter Rute verzierte Mütze der Flamines, die Priestermütze, lanigeri apices, Verg.: ap. Dialis, des Flamen Dialis (Eigenpriesters des Jupiter), Fab. Pict. fr. u. Val. Max.: dah. apicem Dialem alci imponere = jmd. zum Flamen Dialis machen, Liv.: u. homo honestus non apice insignis = nicht mit der Priesterwürde bekleidet, Sen. fr. – u. übh. eine hohe kegelförmige Kopfbedeckung, bes. die Tiara (τιάρα) der asiatischen Könige u. Satrapen, ab aquila Tarquinio apicem impositum, Cic. (bei Liv. 1, 34, 8 in ders. Erzählung pileus gen.): regum apices, Hor.: apicis nobilitatus auctoritate, Amm. – dah. bildl., wie unser »Krone« = königl. Macht u. Herrschaft, Hor. carm. 1, 34, 14; u. = höchste Zierde od. Würde, apex senectutis est auctoritas, Cic. de sen. 60: u. virtutis apicem quis supremum nactus est, Anthol. Lat. 1315, 24 M. – B) rein lat. für conus κῶνος s. Isid. 18, 14, 2), die metallene, kegelförmige Helmspitze, der Helmkegel, in dem der Helmbusch steckt, u. dann meton. (pars pro toto) der Helm, ardet apex capiti, Verg. Aen. 10, 270. – C) als gramm. t. t., 1) das über einen Vokal gesetzte Längezeichen (á, erst bei spät. Gramm, ā), um gleichgeschriebene Wörter verschiedener Bedeutung (zB. pópulus, die »Pappel«, u. populus, das »Volk«) od. gleichlautende Kasus verschiedener Messung (zB. tuá custodiá als Abl. Sing.) zu unterscheiden, der Apex, Quint. u. spät. Gramm. – übtr., nullum apicem quaestionis praemittere, auch nicht ein Tüpfelchen der Fr. übergehen, Arnob.: disputare de apicibus iuris, über die Rechtsspitzfindigkeiten, Ulp. dig. – 2) apices litterarum, die Züge der Buchstaben, die Schriftzüge, Gell. 13, 30, 10; 17, 9, 12. – meton. (in der spät. Kaiserzeit), apices = das Schreiben, die Schrift (vgl. Rönsch Itala p. 328), apicum oblator, Sidon.: bes. sacri od. Augusti apices, kaiserl. Schreiben, -Reskript, Sidon. u. spät. ICt.: lectores divinorum apicum, Cod. Theod.

apex [CL] 1 peak, top. b (doctoral) cap. c (fig.) summit, crowning dignity. d (applied to a person). e climax. rotundum sperae apicem Aldh. VirgP 36 p. 283; apex, summitas galeae, helmes top Ælf. Gl.; crux templi quae ‥ sui gemina hinc et inde sustentatione mediae turris celsum apicem fulciret V. Ed. Conf. 49; coma primula comit / arboreos apices Vinsauf PN 550.  b 1352 illi qui in arte medicinali ‥ magistralem apicem sunt adepti StatOx 41; 1448 doctoralem vel magistralem apicem in universitate adepti Ib. 272; apes, cappe Stanbr. Vulg. 8.  c quatenus ‥ ad summum pontificatus apicem ‥ perveniret Aldh. VirgP 43; 706 cum praesule proprio, pontificatus apice privato Id. Ep. 9; qui post illum regni apicem tenebat Bede HE III 11; summum conscendit apicem philosophiae Folc. V. J. Bev. 1; tuus usque nunc honor ad regie celsitudinis apicem ‥ accrevit Gir. EH II 27; s857 Ethelbaldus ‥ Occidentalium Saxonum apicem crudeliter gubernavit M. Par. Maj. I 387; versum fuit illi [Lucifero] mane repente / in sero, bonitas in pejus, apex in abyssum Vinsauf PN 1452; illis qui ‥ episcopalis apicis ministerium suscepere Ad. Marsh Ep. 209; s1329 quem si papa vidisset, nunquam eum ‥ ad tantum apicem promovisset Ad. Mur. 61; 1421 et tanti patris apicem pastoralem conservet summus pastor Reg. Cant. III 71.  d Johannes, / pontificalis apex Alcuin SS Ebor 1086; c1400 Eduardum ‥ qui postea princeps / Wallorum fuerat, inclitus orbis apex Pol. Poems I 455.  e ut in oratione apex affectualis nullatenus subsistat quousque super linguam et spiritum in mentem conscendat Ad. Marsh Ep. 247 C. 14; 1319 intencionis sue devote dirigens apicem ad suprema varia miraculorum insignia Lit. Cant. III 399. 2 tittle (cf.Matth. v 18). b fine point (of the law), nicety. ita regule incubantes ut nec iota unum nec apicem pretereundum putent W. Malm. GR IV 336; usque ad iodim et apicum impletionem Dee Monas pref. p. 182.  b Boloniam ‥ revertar, / legales apices conciliare mihi Nig. SS 1202; apices juris intelligere volens audiat codicem Justiniani ‥ (Neckam Sac.) Med. Sci. 375; 1297 ut ‥ apicibus ipsius [juris] postpositis, libere procedere valeant (Lit. Papae) Couch. Furness I 553. 3 letter (of alphabet). b (usu. pl.) letter (epistle), writing. c (pl., w. sacri or sim.) holy scripture. d (?) word. flexis litterarum apicibus in quadrata parietis pagina caraxatis Aldh. VirgP 21 p. 251; magnam prolixe cartule rotellam ‥ densim apicibus conscriptam B. V. Dunst. 33; 1166 [littere] eo spiritu videntur esse concepte ut singula verba et fere singuli apices signis fidelibus protestentur J. Sal. Ep. 168. 158D; si apices capitales singulorum versuum ex ordine conjungantur Id. Pol. 430A; s1274 litteram aperiens ‥ invenit ibi aureis apicibus ‥ hoc inscriptum ‥ Wals. HA I 13; a lettyr, apex, caracter, ‥ littera CathA.  b 680 epistulares litterarum apices Aldh. Ep. 4 p. 481; 717 humillimis mediocritatis meae apicibus ‥ precor Bonif. Ep. 9; 948 (15c) litteratoriis apicibus roboravi quod ‥ tradidi ‥ CS 868; 1005 (12c) memorie ‥ futurorum ‥ veracibus litterarum apicibus insinuare curavi quod ‥ CD 714; s1093 nunciis apicibusque directis Eadmer HN 49; s1100 abbas commonitorios apices [gl.: scedulas] edidit et ‥ regi direxit Ord. Vit. X 14 p. 84; quia aliorum literis ‥ innotescit, nostris apicibus non indiget illustrari Chr. Rams. 16; s1173 apices summi pontificis ‥ recitati sunt Diceto YH 369; [columba] portat adhuc apices in partes ista remotas Neckam DS II 703; vos stilus hic parvus reprehendit, cartula juste / castigat, gracilis crimina prodit apex Garl. Tri. Eccl. 58; 1327 prout in vestrarum apicibus litterarum ‥ vidimus contineri Lit. Cant. I 258; 1433 cum sacratissimos apostolice celsitudinis apices ‥ receperimus FormOx 447.  c cum ad sacratissimos evangeliorum apices venisset Aldh. VirgP 35 p. 277; in sacris litterarum apicibus insertum legitur Id. Met. 7; inter sacrorum apicum volumina Bede HE IV 2; ea quae sacrorum apicum attestatione ‥ directa sunt Egb. Dial. pref.; cum ‥ sacris apicibus studiosum animum applicuisset Gir. RG II 1; 1518 in sacris apicibus illuminatissimus erat (Necrol. Aberd.) Mon. Francisc. II 123.  d Simfosius ‥ enigmatum propositiones ‥ ludibundis apicibus legitur cecinisse Aldh. Met. 6.

ăpex, (12) ĭcis, m. , ¶ 1 pointe, sommet : Virg. En. 4, 246 ; 7, 66 ; Varro R. 1, 48, 1 ¶ 2 [dʼoù] petit bâton enroulé de laine que les flamines portaient à la pointe de leur bonnet : Serv. En. 2, 683 || le bonnet lui-même : Liv. 6, 41, 9 ¶ 3 tiare, couronne : Cic. Leg. 1, 4 ¶ 4 aigrette : Virg. En. 10, 270 ; 12, 492 ; Plin. 10, 3 || aigrette de feu, langue de feu : Virg. En. 2, 682 ; Ov. F. 6, 636 ; M. 10, 279 ¶ 5 signe des voyelles longues : Quint. 1, 7, 2 ; 1, 4, 10 ¶ 6 [pl. apices ] forme des lettres (linéaments) : Gell. 13, 30, 10 || un écrit : Sid. Ep. 6, 8 || un rescrit impérial : Cod. Just. 12, 49, 12 ; Cod. Th. 16, 2, 7 ¶ 7 [fig.] a) couronne, fleuron : Cic. CM 60 ; b) subtilité, pointe dʼaiguille, vétille : Ulp. Dig. 17, 1, 29, 4.

apex , icis. m.
頂戴。頂。帽。— montis 山頂。— avis 烏冠。— litterae 字上點。

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apex icis, m

• 1 AP-, the extreme end, point, summit, top: lauri, V.: montis, O.: sublimis (of a headland), Iu.: levis, a tongue of flame, V.—A hat, helmet, crown: regum apices, H.: summus, the top of the helmet, V.: hinc apicem Fortuna Sustulit, the crown, H.: dialis, the flamen's hat, i. e. the priestly office, L.— Fig., the highest ornament: apex est senectutis auctoritas.

APEX

APEX

1. A cap worn by the flamines and salii at Rome. The essential part of the apex, to which alone the name properly belonged, was a pointed piece of olive-wood, the base of which was surrounded with a lock of wool. This was worn on the top of the head, and was held there either by fillets only, or, as was more commonly the case, by the aid of a cap which fitted the head, and was also fastened by means of two strings or bands, which were called apicula or offendices (Festus, s. vv.), though the latter word is also interpreted to mean a kind of button, by which the strings were fastened under the chin. (Comp. Serv. ad Aen. 2.683; viii, 664; 10.270.)

The flamines were forbidden by law to go into public, or even into the open air, without the apex (Gell. 10.15), and hence we find the expression of alicui apicem dialem imponere used as equivalent to the appointment of a flamen dialis. (Liv. 6.41.) Sulpicius was deprived of the priesthood, only because the apex fell from his head whilst he was sacrificing. (Val. Max..)

Dionysius (Dionys. 2.70) describes the cap as being of a conical form. On ancient monuments we see it round as well as conical. From its various forms, as shown on bas-reliefs and on coins of the Roman emperors, who as priests were entitled to wear it, we have selected six for the annexed woodcut. The middle figure is from a bas-relief, showing one of the salii with a rod in his right hand. The Albogalerus, or albus galerus, was a white cap worn by the flamen dialis, made of the skin of a white victim sacrificed to Jupiter, and had the apex fastened to it by means of a olive-twig. (Festus, s. v. Albogalerus; Gell. 10.15.)

2. Hence used in wider senses as (a) the ridge on the helmet to which the crest was attached (Verg. A. 10.270, 12.492-Z2; Isidor. Orig. 18.14, 2). (b) The τιάρα ὀρθὴ of the Persian king (Hor. Od. 1.34, 14; 3.21, 20). (c) A hat (Cic. Leg. i. 1).

Apex is derived from the old verb apere, to join (Serv. ad Aen. 10.270, and Festus), and from it was formed the epithet apicatus, applied to the flamen dialis by Ovid (Ov. Fast. 3.197).

[J.Y] [J.H.F]

Apex

A cap of conical form worn by the flamens (see Flamen), having a spike of olivewood at the top, which the word apex, in fact, originally denoted. Without it the flamens were not allowed to go into the open air (Gell.x. 15). The Salii likewise wore the apex. The accompanying illustration shows one of the Salii wearing the apex and with a rod in his hand. (See Salii.) The albogalerus, or albus galerus, was a white cap worn by the flamen dialis, made of the skin of a white victim sacrificed to Iupiter, and having the apex fastened to it by an olive twig.