Sotades
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- an obscene Greek poet, Mart. 2, 86, 2.—Hence,
- A Sō-tădēus, a, um, adj., of or in the manner of Sotades: versus, Quint. 9, 4, 90; cf. id. 9, 4, 6; 1, 8, 6; Ter. Maur. pp. 2415 and 2446 P.; Aus. Ep. 14, 29.—
- B Sōtădĭcus, a, um, adj., Sotadic: versus, Plin. Ep. 5, 3, 2. —Absol.: L. Attius in Sotadicorum libro, Sotadic verses, Geli. 7, 9, 16.
(Σωτάδης).
1. An Athenian comic poet of the Middle Comedy (Suid. s. v.), of whose plays we have the two following titles, Ἐγκλειόμεναι or Ἐγκλείομενοι (Ath. vii. p. 293a.; Antiatt. p. 102), and Παραλυτρούμενος (Ath. ix. p. 368a.) Both these are erroneously ascribed by Suidas and Eudocia to the more celebrated poet of Maroneia, with whom, indeed, the comic poet was so frequently confounded, even in ancient times, that Athenaeus (vii. p. 293a.) expressly distinguishes them from one another. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 495; Meineke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. i. p. 426, vol. iii. p. 585.)
2. A native of Maroneia in Thrace (or, according to others, of Crete, but he is generally called Μαρωνείγης), flourished at Alexandria about B. C. 280. He wrote lascivious poems, called φλύακες or κίναιδοι, in the Ionic dialect, whence they were also called Ἰωνικοὶ λόγοι. (Suid. s.v. Ath. xiv. p. 620e.) They were also called Σωτάδεια ᾄσματα. (Socrat. H. E. 1.9.) As other examples of this species of composition, Athenaeus and Suidas mention the works of Alexander the Aetolian, Pyres (or Pyrrhus) the Milesian, Alexas, Theodorus, Timocharidas and Xenarchus. Strabo (xiv. p.648) ascribes the beginning of this species to Sotades, who, as well as his successor, Alexander the Aetolian, wrote in prose, while Lysis and Simus wrote in metre; but there is some error in this statement, for we have express information respecting the kind of metre which Sotades employed. It would seem that Sotades carried his lascivious and abusive satire to the utmost lengths; this appears to be what Suidas means by calling him δαιμονισθείς. The freedoms which he took at last brought him into trouble. According to Plutarch (Op. Mor. p. 11a.) he made a vehement and gross attack on Ptolemy Philadelphus, on the occasion of his marriage with his sister Arsinoe, and the king threw him into prison, where he rotted for a long time. According to Athenaeus (l.c. the poet attacked both Lysimachus and Ptolemy, and, having fled from Alexandria, he was overtaken at Caunus by Ptolemy's general Patroclus, who shut him up in a leaden chest and cast him into the sea.
Of his works, we possess a few lines, and the following titles : -- Ἄδωνις (Hephaest. p. 8, ed. Gaisford); Ἀμαζών (Suid.) εἰς ᾁδου κατάβασις (Suid.); εἰς Βελεστίχην (Suid.); Ἰλίας (Hephaest. p. 21 ); Πρίηπος (Suid.).
The metre which he generally used, and which was called after him the Sotadean verse, was Ionic a Majore Tetrameter Brachycatalectic admitting, however, of several variations. (Hephaest. p. 63; Gaisf. ad Hephaest. p. 319).
Athenaeus (xiv. p. 620e.) refers to commentaries on Sotades and his works by his son Apollonius, and by Carystius of Pergamus. He appears to have had many imitators. Of the Latin poets, Ennius, L. Accius, and others, are said to have composed poems of the same species; and even among Greek churchmen Arius was accused by Athanasius of writing in a style approaching to the " Sotadean poems." (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. pp. 495, 496; Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. s. a. 280, p. 500.)
3. An Athenian philosopher, who wrote a book on the mysteries. (Suid. s. v.)
4. A philosopher of Byzantium, of whom we know nothing but his name. (Suid. s. v. [P.S]
(Σωτάδης). A Greek poet from Maroneia in Thrace, who lived at Alexandria under Ptolemy Philadelphus about B.C. 276. He is said to have been drowned in the sea in a leaden chest for some sarcastic remark about the marriage of the king with his own sister Arsinoë. He composed in Ionic dialect and in a peculiar metre named after him (Sotadeus or Sotadicus versus, Σωτάδεια ᾄσματα) poems called κίναιδοι or φλύακες, malicious satires partly on indelicate subjects, which were intended for recitation accompanied by a mimic dance, and also travesties of mythological subjects, such as the Iliad of Homer. He found numerous imitators (Athen. p. 620; Op. Moral. p. 11).
- Olympic victor: Paus. 6.18.6