Ποσειδάων
Ποσειδάων, v. Ποσειδῶν.
Ποσειδάων
- (ἄναξ, γαιήοχος, ἐννοσίγαιος, γαιήοχος ἐ., κλυτὸς ἐ., ἐνοσίχθων, κρείων ἐ., εὐρυσθενής, κυανοχαίτης).
- Son of Cronus and Rhea, and brother of Zeus, Hades, Hera and Demeter.
- Father (1) by Iphimedeia of Otus-1 and Ephialtes; (2) by Periboea-2 of Nausithous; (3) by Tyro of Neleus and Pelias; (4) by Thoosa of Polyphemus-1, and (5) of Cteatus and Eurytus-2.
- By lot (Il. 15.187, 190) got the sea as his realm.
- With Hera and Athene tried to put Zeus in bonds Il. 1.399;
- complains to Zeus of the building of the Greek wall Il. 7.445,
- with Apollo subsequently destroys the wall Il. 12.17, 34;
- proceeds from Samothrace to the ships Il. 13.10,
- and encourages the Greeks 43,
- retires by order of Zeus Il. 15.218;
- in the Battle of the Gods challenges Apollo Il. 21.436,
- who declines 461;
- etc.: his bitterness against Odysseus on account of his son Polyphemus-1 Od. 1.20, 68;
- Telemachus finds the Pylians sacrificing to him Od. 3.4;
- destroys Aias-2 on the Gyraean rock Od. 4.502;
- raises the sea against Odysseus on his passage to Phaeacia Od. 5.291, Od. 7.271;
- in the tale of Demodocus releases Ares Od. 8.344;
- lay with Tyro in the Enipeus Od. 11.241;
- lay with Iphimedeia Od. 11.305;
- turns the Phaeacian ship to stone Od. 13.159;
- etc.
Ποσειδᾱων, Ποσειδάν (-άων, -άν, -άωνος, -ᾶνος, -άωνι, -άωνα, -ᾶν(α), -αον, -άν voc., v. Kambylis, Anredeformen, 133: Ποτειδᾶνος v. infra.) son of Kronos, husband of Amphitrite, god of the sea, earthquakes and horses, patron of the Isthmian games. (Πέλοψ)
- 1τοῦ μεγασθενὴς ἐράσσατο Γαιάοχος Ποσειδάν O. 1.26 “Ποσείδαον” O. 1.75 (Πιτάνα) Ποσειδάωνι μιχθεῖσα Κρονίῳ λέγεται παῖδα ἰόπλοκον Εὐάδναν τεκέμεν O. 6.29 ἐκάλεσσε Ποσειδᾶνʼ εὐρυβίαν O. 6.58 εὐρυμέδων τε Ποσειδάν (as builder of the walls of Troy) O. 8.31 Κόρινθον, Ἰσθμίου πρόθυρον Ποτειδᾶνος (Thom. Mag., Tricl.: ποσειδᾶνος, ποτιδᾶνος codd.: “carmini victorem Corinthium celebranti dei appellatio Corinthia perquam apta est,” Turyn) O. 13.5 ἐν δʼ ἀμφιάλοισι Ποτειδᾶνος τεθμοῖσιν (Tricl.: ποτιδᾶνος, ποσειδᾶνος, ποσειδῶνος codd.) O. 13.40 ἀμφὶ Πύλον σταθεὶς ἤρειδε Ποσειδάν O. 9.31 “Εὔφαμος υἱὸς ἱππάρχου Ποσειδάωνος ἄναξ” P. 4.45 “παῖ Ποσειδᾶνος Πετραίου” (Pelias) P. 4.138 Ποσειδάωνος ἐνναλίου τέμενος P. 4.204 Ἐλέλιχθον Ποσειδάν P. 6.51 γαμβρὸν Ποσειδάωνα πείσαις (sc. Ζεύς: v. γαμβρός) N. 5.37 ἐγὼ δὲ Ποσειδάωνι Ἰσθμῷ τε ζαθέᾳ Ὀγχηστίαισίν τʼ ἀιόνεσσιν περιστέλλων ἀοιδάν I. 1.32 Ἰσθμίαν ἵπποισι νίκαν, τὰν Ξενοκράτει Ποσειδάων ὀπάσαις Δωρίων αὐτῷ στεφάνωμα κόμᾳ πέμπεν ἀναδεῖσθαι σελίνων I. 2.14 κρανίοις ὄφρα ξένων ναὸν Ποσειδάωνος ἐρέφοντα (sc. Ἀνταῖον) σχέθοι I. 4.54 Ζεὺς ὅτʼ ἀμφὶ Θέτιος ἀγλαός τʼ ἔρισαν Ποσειδὰν γάμῳ I. 8.27 ἐλασίχθων (Ποσειδάν) fr. 18. Ναίδ]ος Θρονίας Ἄβδηρε χαλκοθώραξ [Ποσ]ειδᾶνός τε παῖ Pae. 2.2 ἵπποι μὲν ἀθάναται Ποσειδᾶνος ἄγοντʼ Αἰακ[ Pae. 15.3 φὰν δʼ ἔμμεναι Ζηνὸς υἱοὶ καὶ κλυτοπώλου Ποσειδάωνος (Peirithoos & Theseus) fr. 243. ]ε Ποσειδᾶνος χά[ρι]ν ?fr. 345a. 9. cf. εὐτρίαινα, ὀρσιτρίαινα, ὀρσοτρίαινα, ἀγλαοτρίαινα, ἐννοσίγαιος, ἐννοσίδας, σεισίχθων, ποντομέδων, Ἴσθμιος, Πετραῖος, Κρόνιος, Δαμαῖος.
Ποσειδάων : Poseidon (Neptūnus), son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Zeus, Hades, etc., and husband of Amphitrīte. As god of the sea, the element assigned to him by lot (Il. 15.189), he sends winds and storms, moves the waters with his trident, and causes earthquakes, ἐνοσίχθων, ἐννοσίγαιος, γαιήοχος. To him, as to Hades, black bulls were sacrificed, Od. 3.6; cf. the epithet κῡανοχαίτης. Poseidon is the enemy of the Trojans in consequence of the faithlessness of Laomedon, Il. 21.443ff.; and of Odysseus, because of the blinding of Polyphēmus, his son, Od. 1.20. His dwelling is in the depths of the sea near Aegae, Il. 13.21, Od. 5.381; but he attends the assembly of the gods on Olympus, Il. 8.440, Il. 15.161.