Callibius

(Καλλίβιος).

1. The Harmost who commanded the garrison with which the Spartans occupied Athens at the request of the Thirty tyrants, B. C. 404. The story told by Plutarch of his raising his staff to strike Autolycus the Athlete (whom the Thirty put to death for presuming to resent the insult), shews that he formed no exception to the coarse and overbearing demeanour so common with Spartan governosrs. The tyrants conciliated his favour by the most studious deference,--the above case is a strong instance of it, --and he allowed them accordingly to use his soldiers at their pleasure as the instruments of their oppression. (Xen. Hell. 2.3. §§ 13, 14; Diod. 14.4; Plutt. Lysand. 15.)

2. One of the leaders of the democratic party at Tegea, B. C. 370, who having fiiled in obtaining the sanction of the Tegeans assembly for the project of uniting the Arcadian towns into one body. endeavoured to gain their point by an appeal to arms. These were, however, defeated by the oligarchical leader, Stasippus, and Proxenus, the colleague of Callibius, was slain. Callibius on this retreated with his forces close to the walls of the city, and, while he affected to open a negotiation with Stasippus, waited for the arrival of a reinforcement for which he had sent from Mantineia. On its appearance, Stasippus and his friends fled from the city and took refuge in the temple of Artemis; but the party of Callibius unroofed the building and attacked them with missiles, and being thus obliged to surrender, they were taken to Tegea and put to death after the mockery of a trial. (Xen. Hell. 6.5.6, &c.; comp. Paus. 8.27.) [E.E]