corvus

corvus, i, m. [root kar-, kal-, to sound; cf.: καλέω, κόραξ, etc.],

• a raven, Plin. 10, 43, 60, § 121 sq.; acc. to the fable, orig. white, changed to a black bird in punishment for treachery, Ov. M. 2, 541 sq.; on account of its gift of prophecy (oscen, Hor. C. 3, 27, 11), consecrated to Apollo, Ov. M. 5, 329 (hence, Phoebeïus ales, id. ib. 2, 545: Delphicus ales, Petr. 122, 1, 177; cf. also Stat. Th. 3, 506); its flight to the right indicated good fortune, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12 (260); Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85.—
• • B Prov.: in cruce corvos pascere, to be hanged, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 48.—
• II Meton., of bodies whose form or coloring is similar to that of the raven's bill.
• • A In form.
  • • 1 A military implement, a grapnel, Curt. 4, 2, 12; 4, 3, 24 Mützell.—
    • 2 A battering-ram, Vitr. 10, 19.—
    • 3 A surgical instrument, in the form of a hook, Cels. 7, 19, § 33.—
    • 4 The constellation Corvus, Vitr. 9, 7; Hyg. Astr. 3, 39.—
  • B From its color, a sea-fish, Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 146; Cels. 2, 18; Aus. Ep. 4, 63.—
  • C In mal. part. = fellator, Juv. 2, 63; cf. Mart. 14, 74.

corvus (arch. corvos), ī, m. (κόραξ; Fem. corva als ungebr. bei Varro LL. 9, 55 sq.), der Rabe, I) eig. u. meton.: A) eig.: niger tamquam corvus, Petron.: c. loquax, Ov.: c. oscen, Hor.: corvi cantus, Krächzen, Gekrächze, Cic.: miluis est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvis, Cic. – als weissagender Vogel dem Apollo geweiht, Ov. met. 5, 329: sein Flug od. Gekrächze (corvi cantus) bedeutete zur Rechten Glück, zur Linken Unglück, Plaut. asin. 260; aulul. 624. Cic. de div. 1, 85. – Sprichw., in cruce pascere corvos, eine Speise der Raben sein (v. Gehängten), Hor. ep. 1, 16, 48. – B) meton.: 1) v. der Ähnlichkeit mit dem Rabenschnabel: a) eine lange Stange vorn mit einem Widerhaken (uncus) als Kriegswerkzeug, um Mauern usw. einzureißen, eine Art Mauerbrecher, corvus demolitor gen. b. Vitr. 10, 13, 3, od. feindliche Belagerungswerke zu zerstören, Curt. 4, 2 (9), 12 (im Ggstz. zu den manus ferreae, die vorn falces hatten). – b) ein chirurgisches hakenförmiges Schneidewerkzeug, der Rabenschnabel, Cels. 7, 19. p. 299, 28 D. – 2) im Doppelsinn = vir spurcus, fellator (weil nach einer alten Volkssage corvi ore coëunt), Iuven. 2, 63; vgl. Corve salutator, quare fellator haberis? Mart. 14, 74. – II) übtr.: 1) Corvus, ī, m., das Rabengestirn, Vitr. 9, 7 (5), 1. Hyg. astr. 3, 39. – 2) der Rabe, ein Seefisch, nach Oken die See schwalbe (Trigla hirundo, L.), Cels. 2, 18. Plin. 32, 146. Auson. ep. 4, 62. p. 161, 13 Schenkl. – 3) Corvus, ein Beiname der gens Valeria.

corvus [CL] 1 raven or crow. b rook. c (w. marinus) cormorant. d (fig.) type of evil. e (w. albus) type of rarity. Aldh. PR 131 (v. crocare); manicam de uncis pedibus ~i demissam Felix Guthl. 40; 10‥ ~us, hræfn vel corax WW; corvus “ave” dicens Hanv. IX 426 p. 390; corve salutator, mihi dicis “ave tibi, Cesar” Neckam DS II 557; Gir. TH II 28 (v. 2 conventus 2a); Bart. Angl. XII 11 (v. corax); s1244 ad instar ~i ad archam irredituri [cf. Gen. viii 6–7] M. Par. Maj. IV 286; Danubiani [? Nubians], qui ‥ in colore cum ~is et carbonibus multum participant S. Sim. Itin. 71; †cornus, revyn ‥, hic ~us, a crow WW.  b 1209 in corredio hominum qui fugaverunt ~os de parco Pipe Wint. I 7; 1211 in mercede illorum qui fugaverunt †cornos de parco Ib. II 95 (cf. ib. 96).  c  etc. (v. cormorans).  d qui plerumque tetros furva nigredine corvos / vertit in albentes glauco sine felle columbas Aldh. VirgV 491; G. Hen. V 1 (v. cornix 1b).  e fidus enim corvo consors est rarior albo D. Bec. 708. 2 a (astr.) Crow or Raven. b (alch. w. caput) ‘crow’s head’ (molten ore at a stage in transmutation). c (bot., w. pes) crowfoot (Ranunculus, esp. R. ficaria); cf. corvinus c. a at Corvus, quem vix poterat satiare cadaver,/ jejunans nullo polluit ora cibo Neckam DS I 430 (431).  b calor agens in humido efficit primo nigredinem, quare liquet quod principium operis nostri est caput ~i Dastin Ros. 17.  c apium emoroydarum, i. pes ~i, maculosa habens folia SB 11; Alph. 140 (v. corvinus c); crowysfote, herbe, amarusca ‥ pes ~i PP; ranunculi ‥ primum genus ab herbariis pes ~i a nostris crowfote dicitur; ejus flos vocatur kyngcuppe Turner Herb. c 1.

1 corvus, (11) ī, m. , corbeau : Pl. As. 260 ; Cic. Div. 1, 12 ; 85 ; in cruce corvos pascere Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 48, servir de pâture aux corbeaux || croc, harpon : Vitr. Arch. 10, 13, 3 ; Curt. 4, 2, 12 || scalpel : Cels. Med. 7, 19 || le Corbeau [constell.] : Vitr. Arch. 9, 7, 1 || sorte de poisson de mer : Cels. Med. 2, 18.

corvus , i. m.
老鸛。烏鴉。兵器類。鱦魚。星名。

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corvus, i, m.: corvo (uccello)

● corvo (pesce).

corvus ī, m

• 1 CAL-, a raven: loquax, O.: ovantes gutture corvi, V.: hians, H.—As a bird of omen: Oscen, H.: Delius in corvo latuit, O.— Prov.: in cruce corvos pascere, to be hanged, H.—A grappling-iron, Cu.

CORVUS

CORVUSa sort of crane, used by C. Duilius. against the Carthaginian fleet in the battle fought off Mylae, in Sicily (B.C. 260). The Romans, we are told, being unused to the sea, saw that their only chance of victory was by bringing a sea-fight to resemble one on land. For this purpose they invented a machine, of which Polybius (Plb. 1.22) has left a minute, although not very perspicuous description. In the fore part of the ship a round pole was fixed perpendicularly, twenty-four feet in height and about nine inches in diameter; at the top of this was a pivot, upon which a ladder was set, thirty-six feet in length and four in breadth. The ladder was guarded by cross-beams, fastened to the upright pole by a ring of wood, which turned with the pivot above. Along the ladder a rope was passed, one end of which took hold of the corvus by means of a ring. The corvus itself was a strong piece of iron, with a spike at the end, which was raised or lowered by drawing in or letting out the rope. When an enemy's ship drew near, the machine was turned outwards, by means of the pivot, in the direction of the assailant. Another part of the machine which Polybius has not clearly described is a breastwork, let down (as it would seem) from the ladder, and serving as a bridge, on which to board the enemy's vessel. (Compare Curtius (Curt. 4.2, 4.) By means of these cranes the Carthaginian ships were either broken or closely locked with the Roman, and Duilius gained a complete victory.

The word corvus is also applied to various kinds of grappling-hooks, such as the corvus demolitor, mentioned by Vitruvius (Vitr. 10.19) for pulling down walls, or the terrible engine spoken of by Tacitus (Tac. Hist. 4.30), which being fixed on the walls of a fortified place, and suddenly let down, carried off one of the besieging party, and then by a turn of the machine put him down within the walls. The word is used by Celsus (7.19) for a scalpel. It is hardly necessary to remark that all these meanings have their origin in the supposed resemblance of the various instruments to the beak of a raven.

[B.J] [J.H.F]

Corvus

(κόραξ). A sort of crane, used by Duilius (q. v.) against the Carthaginian fleet in the battle fought off Mylae in Sicily (B.C. 260). The Romans, we are told, being unused to the sea, saw that their only chance of victory was by bringing a seafight to resemble one on land. For this purpose they invented a machine, of which Polybius (i. 22) has left a minute description. In the fore part of the ship a round pole was fixed perpendicularly, twenty-four feet in height and about nine inches in diameter; at the top of this was a pivot, upon which a ladder was set, thirty-six feet in length and four in breadth. The ladder was guarded by crossbeams, fastened to the upright pole by a ring of wood, which turned with the pivot above. Along the ladder a rope was passed, one end of which took hold of the corvus by means of a ring. The corvus itself was a strong piece of iron, with a spike at the end, which was raised or lowered by drawing in or letting out the rope. When an enemy's ship drew near, the machine was turned outward, by means of the pivot, in the direction of the assailant. Another part of the machine, which Polybius has not clearly described, is a breastwork, let down (as it would seem) from the ladder, and serving as a bridge on which to board the enemy's vessel. By means of these cranes, the Carthaginian ships were either broken or closely locked with the Roman, and Duilius gained a complete victory. See Polyb. i. 22.

The word corvus is also applied to various kinds of grappling-hooks, such as the corvus demolitor, mentioned by Vitruvius for pulling down walls, or the terrible engine spoken of by Tacitus, which, being fixed on the walls of a fortified place, and suddenly let down, carried off one of the besieging party, and then, by a turn of the machine, put him down within the walls. The word is used by Celsus for a scalpel. It is hardly necessary to remark that all these meanings have their origin in the supposed resemblance of the various instruments to the beak of a raven.