saxum

saxum (in inscrr. also SAKSVM; from collat. form saxus; a vocative SAXE, Inscr. Orell. 2982), i, n. [root sak-; Sanscr. ska; cf. secare], any large, rough stone; a detached fragment of rock; a rock (in gen.; whereas rupes is a steep rock, crag, cliff).

• I In gen., Lucr. 4, 266 sq.; cf. id. 1, 882: non est e saxo sculptus, Cic. Ac. 2 (Luc.), 31, 100: pars ludicre saxa Jactant, inter se licitantur, Enn. ap. Non. 134, 13 (Ann. v. 76 Vahl.): (Sisyphum) adverso nixantem trudere monte Saxum, etc., Lucr. 3, 1001: miser impendens magnum timet aëre saxum Tantalus, id. 3, 980: saxo cere comminuit brum, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 412 (Ann. v. 586 Vahl.); cf.: si glebis aut saxis aut fustibus aliquem de fundo praecipitem egeris, Cic. Caecin. 21,60: magni ponderis saxa, in muro collocare, Caes. B. G. 2, 29; cf. id. ib. 7, 22 fin.; 7, 23; 7, 46: (Thyestes) summis saxis fixus asperis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.); cf.: aspicite religatum asperis Vinctumque saxis (Prometheum), Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 10, 23: speluncas saxis pendentibu' structas, Lucr. 6, 195; cf., of the cave of Cacus: jam primum saxis suspensam hanc aspice rupem, Verg. A. 8, 190: tot congesta manu praeruptis oppida saxis, id. G. 2, 156: inter saxa rupesque, Liv. 21, 40: saxa spargens tabo, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 414 Vahl.): vesco sale saxa peresa, Lucr. 1, 326: nec turbida ponti Aequora fligebant naves ad saxa, id. 5, 1001: si ad saxum quo capessit, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 89 (177) et saep.: lapis non saxum est, Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 169.—In apposition: in saxis silicibus uberiores aquae sunt, in limestone rocks, Vitr. 8, 1.—
• • • 2 Prov.
    • • a Saxum volvere, i. e. to strive or endeavor in vain (alluding to the stone of Sisyphus): satis diu hoc jam saxum volvo, Ter. Eun. 1085.—
      • b Inter sacrum saxumque stare; v. sacrum, A. 2. b.—
• II In partic.
• • A For Saxum Tarpejum (cf. Fest. p. 343 Müll. and v. Tarpejus, II.), the Tarpeian Rock: horribilis de saxo jactus, Lucr. 3, 1016; Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31 (253); Cic. Att. 14, 16, 2; Hor. S. 1, 6, 39; Tac. A. 2, 32; 4, 29; Dig. 48, 19, 25; v. Tarpeius.—
  • B Saxum sacrum, the sacred rock on the Aventine, at which Remus consulted the auspices, Cic. Dom. 53, 136; called saxum alone, Ov. F. 5, 150.—
  • C A superior kind of Cimolian chalk (creta Cimolia), Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 196.—
  • D Saxa Rubra; v. ruber, II. B.—
• III Transf.
• • • 1 Plur.: saxa, stony ground, rocky places: mitis in apricis coquitur vindemia saxis, Verg. G. 2, 522: Ligurum, Mart. 3, 82, 22.—
    • 2 A stone wall: Romulus saxo lucum circumdedit alto, Ov. F. 3, 431.—
    • 3 The strong foundation of a building: Capitolium quadrato saxo substructum, Liv. 6, 4, 12.

saxum, ī, n. (zu seco, vgl. ahd. sahs, Steinmasse), der Felsblock, das Felsstück, der Felsstein, große Stein, I) eig.: A) der Fels, 1) im allg.: saxo undique absciso rupes, Felsen, die von rings scharf abgeschnittenen Steinmassen gebildet sind, Liv.: saxa latentia, Klippen, Verg.: saxa cautesque, Apul.: summis saxis fixus asperis, Enn. tr. fr.: angustior rupes atque ita rectis saxis, ut etc., Liv.: saxum vivum, natürlicher Felsen, Tac.: im Bilde, quasi murenula inter definitionum saxa prolaberis, Augustin. op. imperf. c. Iulian. 3, 145. – Plur. saxa = felsige-, steinige Orte, Ligurum, Mart. 3, 82, 22. Eumen. grat. act. 6 extr. (wo Ggstz. humilitas, Niederung); vgl. Verg. georg. 2, 522. – 2) insbes.: a) Saxum (sacrum), der heilige Fels, die Stelle auf der Höhe des Aventin, wo Remus die Auspizien gesucht hatte, Cic. de dom. 136. Ov. fast. 5, 150. – b) der tarpejische Fels, Cic. ad Att. 14, 16, 1. Hor. sat. 1, 6, 39. Tac. ann. 2, 32 u. 4, 29 (vollst. saxum Tarpeium, Tac. ann. 6, 19; vgl. Tarpeius). – e) Saxa rubra, s. ruber. – B) der Stein, a) übh., der (große) Stein, der Felsstein, saxum silex, Kieselstein, Vitr. u. Liv.: in saxo sedere, Ov.: saxa iacĕre, Cic.: nunc tela nunc saxa ingerere, Liv.: ex spelunca saxum in crura incĭdisse, Cic. – Sprichw., s. sacer. – b) der Werkstein, zum Bauen, saxum quadratum, Quaderstein, Quader (kollektiv), Liv. u.a.: templa saxo structa, Verg. – zu Statuen usw., Steinblock, Marmorblock, non e saxo sculptus, Cic.: canis eodem fabricatus saxo, Ov.: saxo sollers nunc hominem ponere, Hor. – II) meton.: a) die steinerne Mauer, saxo lucum circumdedit alto, Ov. fast. 3, 431. – b) das steinerne Gebäude, perrumpere amat saxa, Hor. carm. 3, 16, 10. – III) übtr. eine Art der zimolischen Kreide (creta Cimolia), unsere Walkererde, weil sie in mächtigen Lagern vorkommt, Plin. 35, 196. – ➳ Nbf. saxus, u. zwar Nomin. saxsus (so!), Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 4431 u. Vok. saxe, Corp. inscr. Lat. 11, 137.

saxum, 3 saxus [CL] 1 rock, boulder, stone; b (as type of hardness or unproductiveness). inter altaria jurando demorantes et haec eadem ac si lutulenta paulo post ~a despicientes Gildas EB 27; onagri ‥ ~a de montibus evellunt Lib. Monstr. II 3; apud veteres Judaeos poena fuerit, ut in profundum ligato ~o demergerentur Bede Mark 226B; numquid meliora sunt ~a Hibernie quam Britannie ut regnum nostrum pro ipsis ad proeliandum provocetur? G. Mon. VIII 12 (ed. M. Reeve (Woodbridge 2007) VIII 130); hoc ~um, a stoune WW.  b sugamus ergo mel de petra et oleum de ~o Gir. TH intr. p. 6; turbe manus durioris / saxo quod obriguit J. Howd. Sal. 23. 11. 2 (in var. uses): a (as missile); b (for dashing person against); c (as building material); d (as tomb). a plus amo cum tereti bellum decernere saxo / quam duris pugnans ferrata cuspide contis Aldh. Aen. 74 (Fundibalum) 6; tale fuit letum miserorum forte clientum, / quos simul ad mortem saxorum turba terebat Id. VirgV 2610; venit ‥ ultra ecclesiam ‥ quoddam missile saxum, vehementi volatu conans beati patris caput collidere B. V. Dunst. 18; machinas construxit ‥ ingentia ~a in ‥ oppidanos projecit Ord. Vit. VIII 24 p. 415.  b parietibus et ~is ut amens caput suum illisit Ord. Vit. XII 39 p. 461; tener fetus, extractus ab utero, impia manu ad ~um allidebatur Ailr. Stand. f. 197b (cf. Psalm. cxxxvi 9).  c murorum ‥ celsorum ~a Gildas EB 24; missilibus firmavit moenia saxis, / vix quae bis terni cervice subire potentes Bede CuthbV 402; domus interior ‥ / jamque rotunda suis formabat moenia saxis Æthelwulf Abb. 713; 1457 v brochyngaxez pro ~is scindendis Ac. Durh. 635; non sunt sartae tectae [sc. Hibernicae] aut ~orum laminis e lapidicina erutis aut caementis aut tegulis sed agrariis culmis ‥ conteguntur Stanihurst Hib. 32.  d in ~o marmoreo mirifice sepultus est Ord. Vit. VI 9 p. 83. 3 testicle. hic ~us, A. a bolokstone WW.

saxum, (7) ī, n. , ¶ 1 pierre brute, rocher, roche, roc : Lucr. 3, 980 ; 6, 195 ; Cic. Tusc. 1, 107 ; Rep. 2, 11 || Saxum (sacrum), la roche sacrée [sur lʼAventin, dʼoù Rémus avait consulté les auspices] : Cic. Domo 136 ; Ov. F. 5, 150 || roche Tarpéienne : Cic. Att. 14, 16, 1 ; Hor. S. 1, 6, 39 ; Tac. Ann. 2, 32 ; 4, 29 || roche crayeuse : Plin. 35, 196 || saxa Virg. G. 2, 522, terrains rocheux, cf. Mart. 3, 82, 2 || bloc de pierre, de marbre : Cic. Ac. 2, 100 ¶ 2 grosse pierre, pierre : Cic. Cæc. 60 ; Verr. 2, 1, 147 ; Cæs. G. 2, 29, etc. || sing. collectif : Liv. 6, 4, 12 || [poét.] mur de pierre : Ov. F. 3, 431 || enceinte de pierre : Hor. O. 3, 16, 10.

saxum , i. m.
石。高石。白紋石。圍墙。花石。山名。— silex 火石。— habitabile superis 羅瑪山名。Inter — et sacrum stare 進退兩難。躊躇。Saxa caeca 隐暗之石。Saxa rubra 地名。

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saxum, i, n.: masso, macigno; magni ponderis saxa Ces macigni di gran peso; Capitolium saxo quadrato substructum est Liv si fecero le sostruzioni del Campidoglio con massi squadrati

sasso, pietra, ciottolo; glebis aut saxis aut fustibus Cic con zolle di terra o pietre o colpi di bastone

roccia, rupe, scoglio; in saxis silicibus (app.) Vitr nelle rocce silicee; guasi murenula inter definitionum saxa prolabĕris Ag guizzi come una murena tra gli scogli delle definizioni

● pietra, marmo; non est e saxo sculptus Cic non è scolpito nella pietra

● qualità di creta Plin

⯀ inter sacrum et saxum

; → sacer.

saxum ī, n

• 2 SAC-, a large stone, rough stone, broken rock, bowlder, rock: e saxo sculptus: magni ponderis saxa, Cs.: saxis suspensa rupes, V.: inter saxa rupīsque, L.: Capitolium saxo quadrato substructum, with foundations of hewn stone, L.—Prov.: satis diu iam hoc saxum vorso, i. e. struggle in vain(as Sisyphus with his stone), T.—As nomprop., the Tarpeian Rock: quis audeat laedere propositā cruce aut saxo?: Deicere de saxo civīs?H.—The Sacred Rock(on the Aventine hill, where Remus consulted the auspices): pulvinar sub Saxo dedicare: Appellant Saxum, pars bona montis ea est, O.—In the name, Saxa Rubra; see ruber.—Plur, stony ground, rocky places: in apricis coquitur vindemia saxis, V.—A stone wall: saxo lucum circumdedit, O.