Iuba

Jŭba, ae, m., the name of two Numidian-kings.

• I Juba I., king of Numidia and a part of Mauretania, who joined the party of Pompey, gained a victory over Caesar's legate Curio, and put an end to his own life after the battle of Thapsus, Hor. C. 1, 22, 15; Caes. B. C. 2, 25; Suet. Caes. 66; Auct. B. Afr. 25 and 43.—
• II Juba II., the son of the former, who, after his father's death, was brought by Caesar to Rome, where he received a liberal education, and won himself great reputation by his historical works and works on the history of art. He married the daughter of Antony and Cleopatra, and was afterwards reinstated in his paternal kingdom, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 6, 27, 31, § 139; Tac. A. 4, 5; 23; Suet. Calig. 26.

2. Iuba, ae, m. (Ἰόβας), Sohn des Hiempsal, König von Numidien, des Pompejus treuer Anhänger, der nach Cäsars Sieg bei Thapsus verlassen mit seinem Begleiter Petrejus umherirrte, bis beide einander im Zweikampfe töteten (nach anderer Überlieferung tötete Petrejus erst den Juba und entleibte sich dann selbst), Caes. b. c. 2, 25. Suet. Caes. 66. Hor. carm. 1, 22, 15. – sein Tod, Auct. b. Afr. 94. Sen. de prov. 2, 8. Flor. 4, 2, 69. Liv. epit. 114.

Iuba

(Ἰόβας). (1) King of Numidia and son of Hiempsal. He joined Pompey's party, and gained a victory over Curio, Caesar's legate, B.C. 49. He afterwards fought with Scipio against Caesar; and after the battle of Thapsus (B.C. 46) put an end to his own life.

(2) Son of the preceding. He was a child at the time of his father's death, and was carried by Caesar to Rome, where he received an excellent education. He became one of the most learned men of his day, and wrote numerous works on historical and other subjects. In B.C. 30, Augustus reinstated him in his paternal kingdom of Numidia, and gave him in marriage Cleopatra , otherwise called Selené, the daughter of Antony and Cleopatra. Five years afterwards (25) Augustus gave him Mauretania in exchange for Numidia, which was reduced to a Roman province. He died in Mauretania, about A.D. 19. Plutarch calls him ὁ πάντων ἱστορικώτατος βασιλέων (Sert. 9), and he appears to have attempted (in Greek) many kinds of literary and scientific work; but the titles alone have descended to us. Among these are an African history (Λιβυκά), a Roman history (Ῥωμαϊκὴ Ἱστορία), and a history of painting (Περὶ Γραφικῆς). There is an epigram by Iuba preserved in Athenaeus (viii. p. 343). See the account of Iuba by the Abbé Sevin in the Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions, iv. p. 457 foll.; and for the fragments, Müller's Frag. Hist. Graec. iii. pp. 465-484.