Logeion | niger

niger , gra, grum: (adj.), black; dark, swarthy, dusky, 6.134; gloomy.

nĭger, gra, grum (gen. fem. nigraï, Lucr. 4, 537; comp. nigrior, Ov. H. 18, 7), adj., black, sable, dark, dusky (cf.: ater, pullus).

I Lit.: quae alba sint, quae nigra, dicere, Cic. Div. 2, 3, 9: quamvis ille niger, quamvis tu candidus esses, Verg. E. 2, 16: hederae nigrae, id. G. 2, 258: silvae (= umbrosae), Hor. C. 1, 21, 7: frons, id. ib. 4, 4, 58: collis, id. ib. 4, 12, 11: lucus, Ov. F. 3, 295 (for which atrum nemus, Verg. A. 1, 165): caelum pice nigrius, Ov. H. 18, 7: nigerrimus Auster, i. e. causing darkness, Verg. G. 3, 278; so, venti, Hor. C. 1, 5, 7: Eurus, id. Epod. 10, 5: nigros efferre maritos, i. e. killed by poison, Juv. 1, 71; cf.: pocula nigra, poisoned, Prop. 2, 20, 68 (3, 23, 10).—Prov.: facere candida de nigris; nigra in candida vertere, to turn black into white, Juv. 3, 29; cf. Ov. M. 11, 315.—Subst.: nĭgrum, i, n., a black spot, Ov. A. A. 1, 291.—
II Trop.
- A Of or pertaining to death: nigrorumque memor, dum licet, ignium (= lugubris rogi), of the funeral pile, Hor. C. 4, 12, 26: hora, Tib. 3, 5, 5: dies, the day of death, Prop. 2 (3), 19, 19: Juppiter niger, i. e. Pluto, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1705.—
- B Sad, mournful: domus, Stat. S. 5, 1, 18; Val. Fl. 3, 404.—
- C Unlucky, ill-omened: huncine solem Tam nigrum surrexe mihi? Hor. S. 1, 9, 72; Prop. 2, 21, 38 (3, 25, 4): lapis, the spot in the Comitium where Romulus or one of his adherents was slain, Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—
- D Of character, black, bad, wicked: Phormio, nec minus niger, nec minus confidens, quam ille Terentianus est Phormio, Cic. Caecin. 10, 27: hic niger est, hunc tu, Romane, caveto, Hor. S. 1, 4, 85.

1. niger, gra, grum, schwarz, schwärzlich, dunkelfarbig, düster (Ggstz. albus, candidus), I) eig. u. übtr.: A) eig.: 1) v. Lebl.: color niger (Ggstz. marmoreus candor), Lucr.: color obsoletior et nigro propior, Colum.: nigrae lanae, Plin.: crinis, Hor.: capillus, capilli, Hor. u. Vulg.: oculi, Plaut., Varro u.a.: sanguis, Cels. u. Ov.: terra, Verg.: nubes, Ov.: Galaesus, dunkelblau (wegen seiner Tiefe), Verg.: nox, Ov.: umbra, Lucr.: caligo, Verg.: myrtus, dunkelgrün, Ov.: u. so hederae, Verg.: silvae, dunkel, düster (Ggstz. virides), Hor.: so auch nemus, Verg.: colles, Hor. – sal, aus Holzasche ausgelaugtes scharfes Salz, Plin. u. Hor.: cur sal aliud perlucidum, aliud inquinatum aut nigrum, Fabian. fr.: frigus facit cutem nigram, Cels.: donec locus earum (der Haarwurzeln) niger fiat, Scrib. Larg. – turba (calculorum) nigrior (Ggstz. candida), Mart.: nigrior aspectus, Plin.: caelum pice nigrius, Ov.: uvae nigerrimae, Catull.: cerasorum Aproniana maxime rubent, nigerrima sunt Lutatia, Plin. – subst., a) nigrum, ī, n., α) übh. das Schwarze, a nigro album etiam nullo monente distinguet, Sen. ep. 94, 19: im Sprichw., facere candida de nigris od. nigrum in candida vertere, aus schwarz weiß od. aus weiß schwarz machen, von bösen u. ränkevollen Leuten, Ov. met. 11, 314. Iuven. 3, 30. – β) etwas Schwarzes, ein schwarzer Fleck, Ov. art. am. 1, 291. – als mediz. t. t., nigrum oculi, die schwarzen Partien des Auges, si de nigro aliquid albidum factum est, Cels. 6, 6, 1. p. 226, 3 D.; insbes. der äußere Hornhautrand, Cels. 7, 7, 14. p. 280, 33 D. – γ) (sc. vinum) dunkelroter Wein, v. Falerner, Apic. 3, 63. – b) nigrae, ārum, f. (sc. vestes), schwarze Kleider = Trauerkleider, Commodian. instr. 2, 31, 2. – 2) v. leb. Wesen: α) v. Menschen in bezug auf die Hautfarbe (den Teint), niger tamquam corvus, Petron. 43, 7: crine ruber, niger ore (von Gesicht), Mart. 12, 54, 1: auxiliares, qui nigerrimi erant, Frontin. 1, 11, 18: nigros efferre mortuos, schwarz vom Gift, Iuven. 1, 72. – β) v. Tieren, barrus, Hor. epod. 12, 1: canis, Sen. apoc. 13, 3: equi, Vulg. Zach. 6, 2 u. 6: ovis, Verg. georg. 4, 546. – B) übtr., aktiv = schwarz machend, verfinsternd, verdunkelnd, ventus, Hor.: turbo, Verg.: auster, regnerisch, Wolken bildend, Verg.: imber nigerrimus, Verg. – II) bildl., A) v. Äußeren: a) vom Tode, finster, düster, ianua, Pforte des Todes, Unterwelt, Prop.: Iuppiter niger = Pluto, Sen. poët.: hora, Todesstunde, Tibull.: dies, Todestag, Prop.: ignes, Scheiterhaufen, Hor. – b) in Trauer versetzt, trauernd, domus, Stat. – B) vom Inneren: a) v. Lebl.: α) schwarz, finster, unheilvoll, unglücklich, unglückbringend, pocula, vergiftete, Prop.: huncine solem tam nigrum surrexe mihi! daß dieser Tag mir so schwarz aufgehen mußte, Hor.: avis, Prop. – β) scharf, beißend, sal (Witz), Hor. ep. 2, 2, 60 (vgl. oben no. I, A, 1). – b) v. Menschen, schwarz = böse, boshaft, hic niger est, Hor. sat. 1, 4, 85 (vgl. 91): nec minus niger quam Terentianus ille Phormio, Cic. Cael. 27.

niger [CL] 1 black or dark; b (of person, w. ref. to hair or complexion); c (of animal); d (of substance or artefact). e (as sb. n.) black colour. noctem nigram nubiculis / lucens lustrat corniculis (Æthelwald) Carm. Aldh. 4. 33; melinus color, ~rus GlC M 130; 800 quod ~rum in capillis videtur candidum in corde amatur Alcuin Ep. 194. b sunt ‥ Aethiopes toto corpore ~ri Lib. Monstr. I 9; unus ~er Heuuald, alter Albus Heuuald Bede HE V 10 p. 299; albus hic, ille niger, distantia sola capillis Alcuin SS Ebor 1047; s1404 duo religiosi de Yndia ~erimi barbati papam salutant Ad. Usk 93. c kastis ambobus ceu bellico / nigrioribus spectu corvino / vaciniensi seu abjectico / ainis vitreo neu nigerrimo Rubisca 74; cornices ~re vel nulle sunt hic vel rarissime Gir. TH I 22; 1287 inquirendum est si jumentum ‥ †ingrum [l. nigrum] moriebatur per malam custodiam vel per fugam CourtR Ramsey 273; convictum est per vicinos juratos quod unum jumentum †ingrum [l. nigrum] moriebatur per malam custodiam Ib. 275. d mulieres possunt sub ~ro velamine accipere sacrificium ut Basilius judicavit Theod. Pen. II 7. 3; nimium enim de grisia lana appositum fuisse dicens et de ~ra nativa parum asserens Gir. SD 38; melancolie fumus in se ~er est et ideo imaginabatur nigra corpora ut demones Quaest. Salern. Ba 79; vitriolum ~rum ‥ cum isto mulieres vulvam constringunt ut virgines appareant M. Scot Lumen 262; coque in vino ~errimo Gilb. II 79. 2 (v. cupula); 1468 de cona tam duri ‥ quam de ~ra moneta (v. moneta 3e). e inpossibile est quod nigredo redeat in albedinem, id est quod ~rum tingatur in album T. Chobham Serm. 1. 7rb; auris intus pallet sine ~ro Caius Anim. 2. 2 (of metal) unrefined; b (opus ~rum, w. ref. to the refining of lead). 1508 sufflatoribus sive fabricatoribus stanni albi de stanno suo ~ro proprio (Pat) Rec. Stan. 31; 1508 stannatoribus ‥ emptoribus ‥ stanni ~ri vel albi ac factoribus ‥ stanni albi Pat 605m. 29/3; plumbum candidum nostrum ~ro plumbo est purius et perfectius LC 288a. b 1296 summa totalis plumbi per fornellas hotte, quod dicitur ~rum opus KR Ac 260/9 m. 1. 3 (fig, w. ref. to black as dire, evil, or sim.): a (of person, also as nickname); b (of substance); c (of act or abstr.). a Novatus ‥, porcus ~er Gildas EB 67 (v. 1 mulcator 1); 1167 Ricardus de Nevill’ est ~er et malus homo Pipe 208; 1306 quod nullus receptet ‥ Simonem filium ~re Matildis Rec. Elton 117; s1400 de morte Archibaldi de Douglas ~ri Plusc. X 16tit. (cf. Bower XV 11: A. ‥ de Douglas, dictus Grym sive Terribilis). b atra venenorum non sensit damna nigrorum Aldh. VirgV 477; aureum colorem super ~rum venenum componens Ps.-Bede Collect. 326. c quamvis ante nigrae lustrassent limina mortis Aldh. CE 4. 1. 18; ~ro ‥ praesagio Id. VirgP 44 p. 297; nudata facie apparebunt ibi ~errima peccata Anselm (Medit. 1) III 78; nocte sub obscura que fiunt multa nefanda, / et que nocte nigra sint nigriora satis Nig. SS 3144; subdola comminuit fortuna nigerrima nullum Walt. Angl. Fab. 42. 29. 4 (as nickname, passing into surname). 1167 David ~er Pipe 23; 1230 Benedictus ~er r. c. Pipe 187; elegerunt ‥ Rogerum cognomento ~rum M. Par. Maj. III 164; 1240 Thomas le Neyr ‥ remanet eo quod Thomas ~er ‥ obiit JustIt 868 m. 2. 5 (in place-name). 1257 apud ~rum monasterium in Pictavia [i. e. Noirmoutier, Vendée] Cl 123; 1267 Beotia ubi Thebe civitas famosa a qua in orientem xviij milliaribus est civitas nota que ~er Pons vocatur Bacon Maj. I 374; 1296 apud ~ram aulam Melrose 348. 6 (in plant-name). spina ~ra,slahþorn GlC S 474; ~ra spina, A. blacthorn MS BL Sloane 420 f. 118v. 7 (eccl & mon., w. ref. to colour of habit) dressed in black: a (Benedictine); b (Augustinian); c (Dominican). a niger monachus Nig. SS 2077 (v. monachus 2a); 1200 ne monachi aut canonici ~ri vel moniales ~re cappis coloratis utantur set tantum nigris Conc. Syn. I 1070; Templariis ‥ albis monachis ‥ ~ris monachis T. Chobham Serm. 20. 97va; s1218 abbates ~ri (v. abbas 1a). b de canonicis ~ris Gir. Spec. III 19 (v. abbatia c). c 1527 pro fratribus ~ris scholast’ (v. frater 7c). 8 that consists of black monks or nuns, Benedictine. s1210 abbatias ~ras (v. fiscare); 1219 monialibus ~ri ordinis (v. monialis 4a). 9 (acad, of congregation) that consists of scholars dressed in black. 14‥ ut congregacioni ~re ‥ intersint (v. congregatio 1d). 10 (w adj. or sb. denoting colour) dark. 1213 pro ij ulnis ‥ tinctis in ~ra burnetta (v. brunettus b); 1278 unam vaccam ~ram brunam (v. brunus 1c); 1310 unam tunicam de ~ro blueto (v. bluettus a); 1317 pro restauro ‥ unius equi ~ri badii cum stella RGasc IV 1749; 1342 supertunicas de ~ro brunetto vel bluetto (v. brunettus b). 11 (as sb m.) person dressed in black, monk, bishop, or sim. cesarie caput ille niger pie talia dicta, / cui relegendo placent quos facit ille modos Abbo QG 18(40). 12 (as sb f.) name of comet. ~ra est ex natura Saturni, magis attinens ceruleitati quam nigredini ‥ mortalitatem et decollationes importat Ps.-Gros. Summa 586–7. 13 (mus.) black note. in cantibus ubi sint diversitas colorum ‥ ~re sunt perfecte, idcirco sunt ~re perfecciores quam alie Wals. Mus. Mens. 97. 14 (as sb n.) darkness. cornua non lune vidi confundere nigrum Garl. Tri. Eccl. 30. 15 (as sb n., also pl.): a black cloth or fabric. b black clothing. a 1315 omnia rubea excepto una capa de ~ris ad opus Cayphe (MS Lambeth 729) Invent. Ch. Ch. 25n; 1393 xv ulnas de blanketo, xv ulnas de ~ro (Cl) Foed. VII 745. b ut homines ~ris indutos non refugiant Gir. IK II 1 p. 109; 1393 tempore exequiarum ‥ sint xxiiij pauperes ~ro induti stantes circa corpus meum (Test. Episc.) Reg. Exon. II 742.

1 nĭgĕr, (8) gra, grum, ¶ 1 noir [diff^t de ater, v. ce mot], sombre : quæ alba sint, quæ nigra dicere Cic. Div. 2, 9, dire ce qui est blanc, ce qui est noir || de teint basané : Virg. B. 2, 16 || hederæ nigræ Virg. G. 2, 258, le lierre sombre ; cælum pice nigrius Ov. H. 18, 7, le ciel plus noir que de la poix || facere candida de nigris [ou] nigrum in candida vertere Ov. M. 11, 314 ; Juv. 3, 30, faire du noir le blanc [ou] changer le noir en blanc = tromper || nigros efferre maritos Juv. 1, 72, porter au bûcher les cadavres noirs de leurs maris [morts empoisonnés] ¶ 2 [poét.] sombre = qui assombrit : nigerrimus Auster Virg. G. 3, 278, le noir Auster, cf. Hor. O. 1, 5, 7 ; Epo. 10, 5 ¶ 3 [fig.] a) sombre, noir [idée de la mort] : nigra hora Tib. 3, 5, 5, lʼheure noire [de la mort] ; b) endeuillé : nigra domus Stat. S. 5, 1, 18, maison funèbre ; c) funeste : sol niger Hor. S. 1, 9, 73, noir soleil = jour funeste ; d) [en parl. du caractère] perfide, à lʼâme noire : Cic. Cæc. 27 ; Hor. S. 1, 4, 85.

niger, gra, grum

1. zwart, donker, duister [crinis; oculi; canis; ovis; nubes; nox; umbra; silvae];
2. (poët.) (meton.) verduisterend [imber; ventus];
3. (metaf.) (a) (poët.) onheilspellend, vreselijk, donker, treurig [Tartara; avis; ignes brandstapel; hora stervensuur; dies dag v.d. dood, ongeluksdag]; (b) boos-, kwaadaardig; (c) (Hor.) scherp, bijtend [sal geestigheid].

niger , gra, grum. adj. c. s.
黑。烏。皁。陰凉。惡。Colles nigri 密山林。Nigrum aequor 多風暴之海。Nigri mariti 毒死之丈夫。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

, Nigrita, Gall. Negre, Hisp. Negro. Synodus Limæ ann. 1582 : Intelleximus quod....... aliqui Clerici habeant Nigros ad lucrandum pecunias... Præcipimus... quod posthac eorum nemo habeat Nigrum vel Nigras ad ejusmodi lucrum, sub pœna perdendi quidquid ejusmodi Negrita lucrabitur. Nigros etiam appellat Nigritas, seu mancipia ex Nigritia Africæ regione aliisve terris abducta, Tiburtius Navarrus in Vita S. Francisci Solani, tom. 5. Julii pag. 884. , apud Hungaros : de quo hæc habet Bonfinius Rer. Hungar. lib. 9 : Exercitus hic idcirco Niger appellatus, quia Matthiæ jussu sub dio semper hibernare et æstivare solebant, æstu et algore juxta obdurati, et assiduis militiæ laboribus obfirmati, ut nihil esset ita arduum et difficile quod expugnare non auderent.

niger gra, grum, adj.with (poet.) comp.nigrior and sup.nigerrimus

1 NEC-, black, sable, dark, dusky: quae alba sint, quae nigra, dicere: hederae, V.: Silvae, gloomy, H.: lucus, O.: caelum pice nigrius, O.: nigerrimus Auster, gloomy, V.: nigros efferre maritos, i. e. kill by poison, Iu.—With acc: (avis) nigra pedes, O.—Prov.: Candida de nigris facere, O.: nigrum in candida vertere, make black white, Iu.—Fig., gloomy, unlucky, ill-omened: huncine solem Tam nigrum surrexe mihi? H.: ignes, i. e. funeral, H.: hora, of death, Tb.—Black, bad, wicked: nec minus niger, quam Phormio, a blackleg: delectatus sale nigro, malicious, H.

niger

Saved

Recent