sodalitas
sodalitas, association, fellowship, companionship, friendship
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sodalitatis Noun: feminine genitive singular of sodalitas
- Lit., fellowship, companionship, brotherhood, friendship, intimacy; abstr. and concr. (class.; cf. societas): sodalitas familiaritasque, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 94: summā nobilitate homo, cognatione, sodalitate, collegio, id. Brut. 45, 166: intima sodalitas, Tac. A. 15, 68.—Concr.: nunc ego de sodalitate solus sum orator datus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 5 (1126). —Plur.: aliquem a sodalitatibus abducere, Gell. 20, 4, 3.—
- II Transf.
- A A society, association of any kind, esp. for religious purposes (syn. sodalicium): fera quaedam sodalitas et plane pastoricia germanorum Lupercorum, Cic. Cael. 11, 26: SODALITAS PVDICITIAE SERVANDAE, Inscr. Orell. 2401.—
- B A company assembled for feasting, a banqueting-club: sodalitates autem me quaestore constitutae sunt sacris Idaeis ... epulabar igitur cum sodalibus modice, etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 45.—
- C In a bad sense, an unlawful secret society: eodem die senatus consultum factum est, ut sodalitates decuriatique discederent, etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5; id. Planc. 15, 37.
nos ‥ spiritali ~atis vinculo devote caritatis contubernia copulasse
de apum concordi ~ate [gl.: societate, fraternitate, ]be gehwære staþelfest broþherrædene, be gehwæresta broþorrædene
Uuerwulfo praesbitero pro nostra antiqua ~ate et sua fideli amicitia atque obedientia ‥ concedo
qui regibus concordiam ~atis inviderent, nec abstinerent quin eos prelio ‥ committerent
pulchra supernorum civium ~as [gl.: societas, ]fer , i. congregatio
inseparabili angelicae ~atis [gl.: societatis ] collegio feliciter perfrui mereatur
contubernali ~ate,geþeodlicre geferrædenne
ornat ~atem virginum ‥ rex sanctus Oswaldus, cujus ibi brachium haberi dicunt
- 1. vriendschap, (concreet) vriendenkring, vrienden [intima]; ➤ homo summa sodalitate met de grootste vriendenkring; ~ familiaritasque;
- 2. priestercollege [Lupercorum];
- 3. (geheime) vereniging, (geheim) genootschap, politieke club.
- sodalis, association, fellowship, companionship, friendship: sodalitas familiaritasque.—A society, association, brotherhood: fera.—An association for dining, banqueting-club: sodalitates me quaestore constitutae sunt.—A secret society, conspiracy: ut sodalitates decuriatique discederent, etc.
The word properly means an association or club, and was especially applied to the religious brotherhoods among the Romans. By order of the State, they attended to the cult of some particular object of worship by jointly celebrating certain sacrifices and feasts, especially on the anniversary of the foundation of that cult.
The members, called sodales, stood in a legally recognized position of mutual obligation, which did not allow any one of them to appear against another as a prosecutor in a criminal case, or to become patronus of the prosecutor of a sodalis, or to officiate as judge upon a sodalis. Such a brotherhood were the Sodales Augustales, appointed A.D. 14 by the Senate for the cult of the deified Augustus, a college of twenty-one, and afterwards of twenty-eight members of senatorial rank, which also took upon itself the cult of Claudius after his deification, and bore, after that, the official title Sodales Augustales Claudiales. Besides these, there were the Sodales Flaviales Titiales for the cult of Vespasian and Titus, the Hadrianales for that of Hadrian, Antoniniani for that of Antoninus Pius and of the successively deified emperors (cp. Collegium).
The secular clubs, sodalitates or collegia sodalicia, were, in the later Republican age, much turned to account for political objects, and their organization used for purposes of bribery. (See Cicero's speech Pro Plancio.)