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σφόνδυλος

σφόνδυλος, a vertebra

σφόνδῠλ-ος, ὁ (ἡ, v. infr. Ι b), Ion. and later Greek σπόνδῠλος (as in Hp. (v. infr.), Str. 2.5.6, also in Pherecr. 23 (codd. Clem.Al.), and some passages of Arist., asPA 654b16):—
  • vertebra, Ar. V. 1489 (anap.), Pl. Ti. 74a; σύγκειται ἡ ῥάχις ἐκ σφονδύλων Arist. HA 516a11, cf. PA 651b34; esp. one of the cervical vertebrae, Hp. Aph. 3.26, cf. Arist. PA 686a21, 692a3: pl., backbone, spine, E. Ph. 1413 (so in sg., Pherecr. 23); or neck, E. El. 841 (so in sg., LXX Le. 5.8).
        • b generally, joint, esp. in the scorpionʼs tail, Nic. Th. 798 (where it is fem.), 781, Hipparch. 3.4.2.
        • c prickly ridge on the head of the κεστρεύς, Dorio ap. Ath. 7.306f.
        • d a kind of mussel or oyster, Sor. 1.51, Gal. 6.734; σ. θαλάσσιοι Edict.Diocl. 5.10; Lat. spondylus, Plin. HN 32.60, 154.
    • II from resemblance to vertebrae,
      • 1 one of the tambours in a column, Callix. 1 (σπ-), Milet. 7.59, al. (Didyma), IG 2(2).1668.43, 1672.310; not necessarily round, ib. 11 (2). 161 A 70 (Delos, iii B.C.); σ. μεγάλοι perh. drums of columns used as missiles, Ath.Mech. 37.7. ['perh. also Aen. Tact. 36.2,' Supp.]
      • 2 circular whorl which balances and twirls a spindle, Pl. R. 616c sq., Thphr. HP 3.16.4, Plu. QConv. 2.745f, Sor. 1.110, Poll. 7.31, Edict.Diocl. 13.5; σπόνδυλος Poll. 10.125 (v.l. σφ-), Them. Or. 32.356c.
        • b the shape of that part of the terrestrial sphere which lies between the Equator and the Arctic Circle, Str. 2.5.6.
        • c voting pebble, Poll. 8.17 (v.l. σπ-), Hsch., Eust. 1669.62.
      • 3 head of a kind of artichoke (κινάρα), Gal. 6.637, Gp. 18.19.2, Edict.Diocl. 6.2.
      • 4 roller for closing or opening a trap-door, σπονδύλου προϋποτιθεμένου Aen. Tact. 36.2 ['delete the section', Supp.].

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