Artemon

(Ἀρτέμων).

1. Of Cassandreia, a learned grammarian, who seems to have lived after B. C. 316. He is mentioned by Athenaeus (xii. p. 515) as the author of--1. Περὶ συναγωγῆς (according to others ἀναγωγῆς) Βιβλίων, which would either be on collecting books, or on assigning books to their proper authors. 2. Περὶ Βιβλίων χρήσεως, or Περὶ χρήσεως τῶν περὶ τὰς συνουσίας ᾀδομένων. (Athen. 15.694.) He is perhaps the same as the author of a work περὶ Διονυσιακοῦ συστήματος, quoted by Athenaeus (xiv. pp. 636, 637), without any distinguishing epithet. There is also a work on painters (περὶ ζωγράφων) which is ascribed to one Artemon. (Harpocrat. s. v. Πολύγνωτος.) Fabricius is inclined to believe, that our Artemon of Cassandreia is the one of whom Demetrius (de Elocut. 231) speaks as the person who collected letters of Aristotle.

2. Of Clazomenae, is mentioned by Aelian (Ael. NA 12.38) as the author of ὅροι Κλαζομυένιοι, in which he mentioned that, at one time, the territory of Clazomenae was ravaged by a winged sow. Suidas (s. v. Ἀρκτῖνος) ascribes to him a work on Homer (περὶ Ὁμήρου), of which, however, not a trace is now extant.

3. A Heretic, who seems to have lived about the beginning of the third century of our era. It is also probable that he resided in or near Rome, since we read in Photius (Bibl. p. 12a., ed. Bekker), that the celebrated presbyter Caius (about A. D. 210) wrote against Artemon and his heresies. From the synodal letter of the bishops assembled at Antioch in A. D. 269, who deposed the heretic Paul of Samosata (Euseb. Hist. Eccl. 7.30), it seems clear that Artemon was regarded in the East as the precursor of the heresies of Paul, and perhaps also that Artemon was then still alive; at any rate, however, that his sect was still in existence. Artemon and his friend Theodotus denied the divinity of Christ, and asserted, that he was merely a prophet raised by his virtues above all others, and that God had made use of him for the good of mankind. (Euseb. Hist. Eccl. 5.28; Theodoret. Haeret. fabul. Epit. ii, 4.) These opinions were probably supported by Artemon and his followers, the Artemonites, by philosophical arguments; for Eusebius states, that they occupied themselves very much with philosophy and mathematics, and that they made use of them in their interpretation of Scripture. They are charged with having introduced forged readings into the text of the Bible, and to have omitted certain passages from the copies they used. These accusations, however, rest on rather weak grounds. (C. H. Stemmler Diatribe de Secta Artemonitarum, Leipzig, 1730; Schaffhausen, Historia Artemonis et Artemonitarum, Leipzig, 1737, 4to.)

4. A Lacedaemonian, who built the military engines for Pericles in his war against Samos in B. C. 441. (Plut. Per. 27; Diod. 12.28; Schol. ad Aristoph. Acharn. 802.) There was a celebrated statue of this Artemon made by Polycletus. (Plin. Nat. 34.19.2.) Servius (Serv. ad Aen. 9.505) confounds him with Artemon of Clazomenae.

5. Of Magnesia, is known only as the author of a work on the virtues of women (περὶ τῶν κατ̓ ἀρετὴν γυναιξὶ πεπραγματευμένων διηγημάτων), of which Sopater made an abstract (Phot. Bibl. p. 103a.); but both the original and the abstract are lost.

6. Called Μελοποιός, from his being a melic poet, appears to have been a contemporary of the comic poet Aristophanes. (Acharn. 830, with the Schol.; Suid. s. v. ὄζων.) It is usually believed, that he is the author of the two epigrams still extant in the Anthologia Graeca. (12.55. 124.)

7. Of Miletus, wrote a work on the interpretation of dreams (ὀνειροκριτικά), in twenty-two books, which is now lost. (Artemid. Oneir. 2.49 ; Eustath. ad Hom. Il. xvi. p. 1119; Tertull. de Anim. 46; Fulgent. 1.13.)

8. Of Pergamus, a Greek rhetorician, who wrote a history of Sicily, which is now lost, but is often mentioned by the grammarians. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth 1.1, 32, 3.48; Ol. 2.16, 5.1; Isth. ii. Argum.; Schol. ad Lycophr. 177.)

9. A Rhetorician, who seems to have lived during the early period of the Roman empire, and is mentioned several times by Seneca, who has also preserved some fragments of his. (Senec. Suas. 1; Controw. 1.6, 7, 2.9, 11, 3.16, 4.25, 5.30. 33.)

10. A Syrian of royal descent, who lived in and after the reign of Antiochus the Great. He resembled the king so much, that when, in B. C. 187, Antiochus was killed, the queen Laodice put Artemon into a bed, pretending that he was the king, and dangerously ill. Numbers of persons were admitted to see him; and all believed that they were listening to their king when he recommended to them Laodice and her children. (Plin. Nat. 7.10; V. Max. 9.14. ext. 1.) [L.S]

a physician, who is said by Pliny (Plin. Nat. 28.2) to have made use of cruel and superstitious remedies, and who must have lived some time in or before the first century after Christ. [W.A.G]

1. A painter mentioned by Pliny (Plin. Nat. 35.11. s. 40), who enumerates some of his works. His country is not known. With regard to his age, we can only say, that he seems to have lived after the time of Alexander the Great, as one of his works was a statue of queen Stratonice, a name not unfrequent in the Asiatic kingdoms after that time.

2. A sculptor, in the first century after Christ, and, in conjunction with Pythodorus, adorned the palaces of the Caesars on the Palatine with statues. (Plin. Nat. 36.5. s. 4.11.) [C.P.M]