Augustus

Augustus, i, m. [1 augustus].

• A surname of Octavius Caesar after he attained to undivided authority (acc. to Ov. F. 1, 590, after the year of Rome 727, Id. Jan.), and, after him, of all the Roman emperors; equivalent to Majesty or Imperial Majesty (cf. Suet. Aug. 7; Flor. 4, 12 fin., Dio Cass. 53, 16: ἐξ οὗπερ καὶ Σεβαστὸν αὐτὸν καὶ ἑλληνίζοντές πως ὥσπερ τινὰ σεπτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ σεβάζεσθαι προσεῖπον), Hor. C. 1, 12; 4, 5; 4, 14; 4, 15; id. Ep. 2, 1 al.; Ov. M. 15, 860; id. F. 1, 590; 4, 676; 5, 567, Vulg. Luc. 2, 1; ib. Act. 25, 21; 25, 25 et saep.; later: semper Augustus, Symm. Ep. 2, 30 al.— Hence,
• II Adj.: Augustus, a, um, of or relating to Augustus or the emperor, Augustan, imperial caput, i. e. Augustus, Ov. M. 15, 869: aures, id. P. 1, 2, 117 forum, id. ib. 4, 5, 10: postes, id. M. 1, 562: domus, id. P. 2, 2, 76: Principis augustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis, Juv. 10, 93 Jahn (where Hermann reads angusta) pax, Ov. P. 2, 5, 18; Vell. 2, 126: cohors, Vulg. Act. 27, 1 et saep.: marmor (in Egypt), Plin. 36, 7, 11, § 55 (cf Isid. Orig. 16, 5, 4; Augusteum): laurus, also called regia, the best species of it, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 129, 17, 10, 11, § 60: ficus, Macr. S. 2, 16.—But esp. Mensis Augustus, the month of August, named after Augustus; earlier called Sextilis (cf Macr. S. 1, 12 fin., and Julius fin.), Juv. 3, 9: Kalendae, Col. 11, 12; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 123 al.: Idus, Mart. 12, 68 et saep.—Augusta aula, i. e. Domitiani, Mart. 7, 40 historia, the history of the Roman emperors, Vop. Tac. 10.—In gen., imperial, royal. matrem regis ex augusto deposuit imperio, * Vulg. 2 Par. 15, 16

2. Augustus, ī, m., der Heilige, Unverletzliche (griech. σεβαστός), Beiname des Cäsar Oktavianus, den ihm der Senat i. J. 27 v. Chr. erteilte, Suet. Aug. 7, 2. Flor. 4, 12, 66: wegen seines Glückes sprichw., Augusto felicior, Traiano melior, Eutr. 8, 5. – nach ihm Beiname aller römischen Kaiser, wie unser Majestät, kaiserliche Majestät, Ov. met. 15, 860. Vell. 2, 91, 1: Plur., Magnos et Felices et Augustos diximus, wir haben den einen den Großen, den andern den Beglückten, den dritten den Erlauchten genannt, Sen. de clem. 1, 14, 2. – Später auch Perpetuus Augustus, Eutr. praef., od. Semper Augustus, Symm. ep. 2, 30. Auct. paneg. Maximin. et Constant. 1, unser »allezeit Mehrer des Reichs«. – Nbf. Agustus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 4, 4008 u. 11, 6644. – Dav. ein neues Adi.:

3. Augustus, a, um, a) augustisch, des Augustus, pax, Ov.: domus, Ov.: mensis, der Monat August, dem Augustus zu Ehren so genannt (früher mensis Sextilis), Iuven.: so auch Kalendae, Nonae, Idus Augustae, des Monats August, Col. u. Mart. – b) kaiserlich, aula, Mart.: historia, Kaisergeschichte, Vopisc.

2 Augustus, (7) ī, m. , ¶ 1 surnom dʼOctave : Hor. O. 2, 9, 19 ; Ep. 1, 3, 2, etc. ¶ 2 titre des empereurs : Ov. M. 15, 860 ; Vell. 2, 91, 1 ; Sen. Clem. 1, 14, 2.

3 Augustus, a, um, dʼAuguste : Ov. M. 15, 869 ; P. 1, 2, 117 ; Plin. 15, 129 || mois dʼaoût : Suet. Aug. 31 ; Macr. Sat. 1, 12, 35 ; Juv. 3, 9 ; Plin. 2, 123.

Augustus (2) ī, m

• 1 Augustus, a cognomen given to Octavius Caesar as emperor, his majesty. —Hence, As adj.,of Augustus, of the emperor, imperial: caput, O.: mensis, the month of August(Sextilis), Iu.

Augustus

A title given to the Roman emperors, and equivalent to sacrosanctus. It is rendered into Greek by the term Σεβαστός (Dio Cass. liii. 16). The feminine form, Augusta, was often given to the women of the imperial family, like the modern titles “Royal Highness” and “Imperial Highness.” Under Diocletian, the appellation, Augustus, was definitely applied to the two joint emperors, and the title, Caesar, to each of the heirspresumptive. See Dominus.

Augustus Augustus, brother of Octavia

• succeeds Caesar as emperor of Rome: Paus. 2.3.1
• at war with Antony: Paus. 4.31.1
• defeats Antony at Actium: Paus. 8.8.12, Paus. 8.46.1
• depopulates Aetolia to found Nicopolis: Paus. 7.18.8, Paus. 10.38.4
• carries off old image of Athena Alea and other images: Paus. 8.46.1, 2
• alters constitution of Amphictyonic League: Paus. 10.8.3
• makes Patrae a Roman colony: Paus. 7.18.7
• annexes Dyme, Pharae, and Tritia to Patrae: Paus. 7.17.5, Paus. 7.22.1, 6
• makes cities of Locris dependent on Patrae: Paus. 10.38.9
• releases Free Laconians from serfdom to Sparta: Paus. 3.21.6
• severs Cardamyle from Messenia and assigns it to Sparta: Paus. 3.26.7
• gives Thurii in Messenia to Lacedaemonians: Paus. 4.31.1
• attaches Pharae in Messenia to Laconia: Paus. 4.30.2
• temple of Augustus at Sparta: Paus. 3.11.4
• altar at Sparta: Paus. 3.11.5
• statues: Paus. 2.17.3, Paus. 5.12.7
• forum of Augustus at Rome: Paus. 8.46.4