Condate

Condāte, is, f.,

• a town of Aquitania, now Condat, Aus. Ep. 5, 32.

Condātē, is, f., Stadt in Aquitanien, beim j. Libourne am Zusammenfluß der Isle u. Dordogne, j. Condat, Auson. ep. 5, 32. p. 163 Schenkl.

Condātĕ, is, n. , nom de villes en Gaule et en Bretagne ; [en part.] ville dʼAquitaine : Anton. 386 || ville des Aulerques : Anton. 385 || ville des Redones : Anton. p. 386 || ville de Bretagne : Anton. 469 || Condās, ātis, Aus. Ep. 5, 32 et Condātīnus, a, um, P. Nol. 10, 259, de Condate.

CONDATE

CONDATE is the name of several Gallic towns, situated at the angle formed by the junction of two rivers; from which it may be concluded that the Gallic term had a meaning which expressed this fact. The French names Condat, Condé, or Cône, appear to be various forms of Condate.

1.

Condate (Κονδάτε : Rennes), is mentioned in the Antonine Itin. and in Ptolemy (Ptol. 2.8). It was the capital of the Redones, and in the Notitia it is named Civitas Redonum, whence has come the modern name. Rennes stands at the point where the Vilaine receives a small stream.

2.

Another Condate is fixed by the Itin. on the road between Melodunum (Melun) and Agedincum (Sens). The place was at the junction of the Yonne and the Seine; but it is now named Montereau, a corruption of Monasteriolum.

3.

A third is fixed by the Itin. between Noviomagus, the chief town of the Lexovii, and Durocasses (Dreux). This is Condé, on the Iton, at the junction of two branches of that river.

4.

A fourth is fixed by the Itin. on the road from Augustodunum (Autun) to Paris. It is placed between Nevirnum (Nevers) and Brivodurum [BRIVODURUM]; and it corresponds to Cosne, at the confluence of the little river Nouain with the Loire.

5.

The Table places another Condate on the road between Mediolanum Santonum or Santones (Saintes), and Vesunna or Petrocorii (Perigueux). Cognac, on the Charente, probably represents the ancient place.

6.

Ausonius (Ep. 5.31) speaks of a Condatis portus:--Unus Domnotoni te litore perferet aestus Condatem ad portuum, si modo deproperes.

D'Anville supposes this place to be represented by Condat, an old castle near Libourne, which town is at the junction of the L'Isle and the Dordogne; nearly due east of Bordeaux.

7.

The Table places another Condate in the country of the Gabali, west of the Cevenna, and on the road from Anderitum [ANDERITUM] to Revessium. The site is uncertain; but we may certainly assume that it was on the Elaver (Allier), which is crossed on the road between Anderitum and Revessium.

8.

The Table places a Condate between Etanna (Yenne), on the Rhone, and Geneva. The site is supposed to be Seissel, at the junction of the Sier and the Rhone, in the territory of the Allobroges, and the Provincia or Gallia Narbonensis. [G.L]

CONDATE

CONDATE in Britain, mentioned twice in the Itinerary; firstly, as being 18 miles from Mancunium (Manchester), and 20 from Deva (Chester); secondly, as 18 miles from Mancunium, and 18 from Mediolanum. A good measure of the circuitous character of the lines of the Itinerary is to be found in the comparison of these two notices. The Mediolanum, which in the tenth Itinerary is simply eighteen miles from Condate, in the second stands thus: CONDATE--DEVA M. P. XX.; BOVIO M. P. X.; MEDIOLANO M. P. XX. With these numbers, assuming their absolute correctness, it would not be difficult to fix the locality of Condate, if that of Mediolanum were certain. This, however, is scarcely the case. Con gleton, in Cheshire, on the strength of the partial similarity of name, has been claimed a as the representative of Condate; and--with the assumption that Mediolanum == Drayton in Shropshire-- Northwich, on the strength of the locality. This latter view is Horsley's. The present writer favours a notion of Dr. Tilsted's that Condate, name for name, is Kinderton, near Middlewich.

[R.G.L]

CONDATE (Condres) Lozère, France.

A statio in the commune of Saint-Bonnet de Montauroux, mentioned in the Peutinger Table as being 22 Gallic leagues from Anderitum-Gabalum. It is at the confluence of the Chapeauroux and the Allier, where the Lyon-Toulouse route crosses an old road linking Nîmes with the Arvennes region.

The site is spread out on both banks of the Allier and beyond its tributary, the Chapeauroux. There are extensive substructures on the left bank, including perpendicular walls, and the finds have determined the period of occupation. The earliest coin is a Gallic coin of Epadnactus, the latest a bronze one of Gallienus. Some substructures have been found on the right bank and, on both sides of the river, the subfoundations of a Roman bridge.

An even layer of pan and cover tiles was discovered during construction of the viaduct over the Chapeauroux. The few finds are housed in the Musée Ignon-Fabre at

Mende. P. PEYRE

CONDATE (Northwich) Cheshire, England.

A settlement on the Roman road (Watling Street) from Deva to Mamucium, roughly midway between them. King Street passes 2.5 km E of the site, which is on the W bank of the Weaver overlooking its confluence with the Dane. Occupation began in the Flavian period probably with a fort, and continued into the Antonine period.

Redevelopment in the “Castle” area in the late 1960s enabled excavations to take place. An auxiliary fort of unknown size was established in the 70s of the 1st c. A.D. It was abandoned early in the 2d c., and then reoccupied in the Hadrianic period when the defenses were reconstructed in stone and new timber internal buildings erected. Final evacuation took place ca. 140; subsequent civil occupation included iron roasting or smelting and some pottery production.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

F. H. Thompson, Roman Cheshire (1965); G.D.B. Jones, “The Romans in the North-West,” Northern History 3 (1968) 1-26; G.D.B. Jones et al., “Excavations at Northwich,” Arch.J. 128 (1972) 31-77.

D. F. PETCH

CONDATE or Civitas Riedonum (Rennes) Ille et Vilaine, France.

The chief city of the Riedones tribe, Condate was situated on a hillside near the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine. That the town and its monuments flourished throughout the Pax Romana is evident from the stone inscriptions frequently found in the substratum of the modern city.

Towards the end of the 3d c. A.D. the center of Condate was ringed with a fortified circuit wall of the classic type (coarse rubblework faced on either side with small blocks and banded with brick). The foundations of this wall contain many reused architectural fragments, such as the statue bases with inscriptions recently found when a section of the rampart was uncovered. The Cabinet des Médailles et Antiques of the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris has a very fine solid gold patera with a Bacchic design, found at Rennes in 1774. Its inner circumference contains 16 2d c. aurei set in filigree medallions. Other objects found in the excavations can be seen in the Rennes Musée Archéologique.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Toulmouche, Histoire Archéologique de l'époque Gallo-romaine de Ia ville de Rennes (1847); M. Petit, “La céramique italique de Rennes,” Annales de Bretagne 78, 1 (1971); J. Bousquet, “Les inscriptions de Rennes,” Gallia 29, 1 (1971).

M. PETIT