Medius

[Fidius.]

(Μήδιος).

1. Dynast of Larissa in Thessaly, who was engaged in a war with Lycophron, tyrant of Pherae, in the year B. C. 395. In this he was assisted by the Boeotians, who had just concluded an alliance with the Argives, Corinthians, and Athenians, against the power of Sparta, and with their assistance he took the city of Pharsalus (Diod. 14.82). These events are omitted by Xenophon.

2. Son of Oxythemis, a native of Larissa in Thessaly, and a friend of Alexander the Great. He is mentioned as commanding a trireme during the descent of the Indus (Arrian Ind. 18), but with this exception his name does not occur in the military operations of the killing. He appears, however, to have enjoyed a high place in the personal favour of the monarch, and it was at his house that Alexander supped just before his last illness. Hence, according to those writers who represented the king to have been poisoned, it was at this banquet that the fatal draught was administered, and not without the cognizance, as it was said, of Medius himself. Others more plausibly ascribed the illness of Alexander to his intemperance upon the same occasion (Arrian, Arr. Anab. 7.24, 25; Plut. Alex. 75; Diod. 17.117; Athen. 10.434. c.). Plutarch speaks in very unfavourable terms of Medius, whoml he represents as one of the flatterers to whose evil counsels the most reprehensible of the actions of Alexander were to be ascribed (De Adul. et Amic. 24). But no trace of this is to be found in the better authorities.

After the death of Alexander, Medius followed the fortunes of Antigonus, whose fleet we find him commanding in B. C. 314, when he defeated and took thirty-six ships of the Pydnaeans, who had espoused the party of Cassander (Diod. 19.69). The following year (313) he took Miletus, and afterwards relieved the city of Oreus in Euboea, which was besieged by Cassander himself (lb. 75). Again, in 312, he was despatched by Antigonus with a fleet of 150 ships, to make a descent in Greece, and landed a large army in Boeotia under Ptolemy; after which he returned to Asia to co-operate with Antigonus himself, at the Hellespont (lb. 77). In 306 we find him present in the great sea-fight off Salamis in Cyprus, on which occasion he commanded the left wing of the fleet of Demetrius (Id. 20.50). It appears also that he accompanied Antigonus on his unsuccessful expedition against Egypt in the same year (Plut. Demetr. 19), but after this we hear no more of him. His authority is cited by Strabo (xi. p.530) in a manner that would lead us to conclude he had left some historical work, but we find no further mention of him as a writer. The Medius who is quoted by Lucian (Macrob. 11) concerning the age of Antigonus Gonatas, must evidently have been a different person, and one otherwise unknown. (See Geier, Alexndri M. Histor. Sciptores, p. 344, &c.) [E.H.B]

(Μήδιος), a Greek physician who was a pupil of Chrysippus of Cnidos (Galen, De Ven. Sect. adv. Erasistr. Rom. Dey. 100.2, De Cur. Rat. per Ven. Seet. 100.2, vol. xi. pp. 197, 252), and who lived therefore probably in the fourth and third centuries B. C. Galen says he was held inl good repante among the Greeks (l.c. p. 252), and quotes him apparently as a respectable authority on an anatomical question (Comment. in Hilppor. "De Nat. Hom." 2.6, vol. xv. p. 136). Like the other pupils of Chrysippus, he entirely abstained from blood-letting (Galen, l. c.). He was, perhaps, the brother of Cretoxena, the mother of Erasistratus (Suid. in Ἐρασίστρ), but could not have been much his senior. [W.A.G]