acus

acus , ūs, f.: a needle, 9.582. (acuō)

ăcus, ūs, f. [cf. 2. acer].

• A needle or pin, as being pointed, both for common use and ornament: “qua sarcinatrix vel etiam ornatrix utitur,” Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.
• • A Lit.: mirabar vulnus, quod acu punctum videtur, Cic. Mil. 24.—Hence, acu pingere, to embroider, Verg. A. 9, 582; Ov. M. 6, 23; cf. Plin. 8, 48, § 191; Isid. Orig. 19, 22, 22.—Esp. a hair-pin: figat acus tortas sustineatque comas, Mart. 14, 24: foramen acūs, the eye of a needle, Vulg. Matt. 19, 24.—Also, a surgeon's needle, a probe, Cels. 7, 17.—Hence,
  • B Trop.: acu rem tangere, to touch the thing with a needle; in Engl. phrase, to hit the nail on the head, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 19 (1306); so, to denote careful and successful effort: si acum quaereres, acum invenisses, id. Men. 2, 1, 13 (238).—
• II The tongue of a buckle, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14.—
• III I. q. acus, ĕris, Col. 2, 10, 40.—
• IV An implement of husbandry, Pall. 1, 43, 2.

ăcus, ĕris, n. (also, ūs, f., v. 1. acus, III.) [kindred with acus, ūs, Goth. ahana, old Norse agn, old Germ. Agana],

• = ἄχυρον, the husk of grain and of pulse; chaff, Cato R. R. 54, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 52; 57; 3, 9, 8.

ăcus, i, m. [1. acus],

• a kind of sea-fish with a pointed snout, the hornpike or gar-pike (Gr. βελόνη): acus sive belone unus piscium, etc., Plin. 9, 51, 76, § 166: et satius tenues ducere credis acos, Mart. 10, 37, 6; cf. Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 145, where belonae again occurs. (Some read una for unus in the passage from Plin., and acūs for acos in Mart., as if these forms belonged to 1. acus.)

1. acus, eris, n. (v. Stamme AC, s. 3. acus), die Hülsen des Getreides u. der Hülsenfrüchte, die Spreu, Cato r.r. 54, 2. Varr. r.r. 1, 52, 2. – Nbf. acus, ūs, f., Col. 2, 10, 14.

2. acus, ī, m. (v. Stamme AC, s. 3. acus) = βελόνη, ein Seefisch, der Hornhecht, Pfeilfisch (Esox Belone, L.), Plin. 9, 166 (vgl. 32, 145). Mart. 10, 37, 6. Suet. fr. p. 259, 40 Reiff.

3. acus, ūs, f. (v. Stamme AC, wovon auch 1. u. 2. acus, sowie acuo, acies u.a.), die Spitze, der Stift, I) als Nadel (vgl. Paul. ex Fest. 9, 6), a) übh.: pars acuum, quae acuta est, Cels.: grana ciceris spatio distanti missa in acum continuo et sine frustratione inserere, Quint.: filum conicere in acum, einfädeln, Cels.: acu duo lina traicere, Cels.: vulnus, quod acu punctum videtur, Cic.: acu pingere, sticken, Verg.: dasselbe acu facere, Plin. – Sprichw., tetigisti acu, du hast den rechten Fleck, den Nagel auf den Kopf getroffen, Plaut. rud. 1306: si acum quaereres, acum invenisses, vom sorgfältigen Suchen, Plaut. Men. 238 sq. – b) zum Zusammenhalten der Haarfrisur (Haarwulst), die Haarnadel, Nestnadel, comatoria, Petr.: crinalis, Apul.: discriminalis, Hieron.: crinibus distinguendis, Tert.: inustas comas acu comere, Quint.: capillus etsi non cotidie acu ornandus, tamen cotidie pectine expediendus, Fronto. – II) als Stift od. Dorn einer Schnalle, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 5. – III) als Stecker des Pflanzers, Pallad. 1, 43, 2. – ➳ acus als masc. bei Plin. 26, 5 (doch cod. Paris. 6705 evulsa acu); vgl. Prisc. 5, 33 u. 6, 75. Prob. 20, 27. – Dat. Sing. acu, Plin. 28, 179: Genet. Plur. acuum, Cels. 7, 16. p. 293, 37 D.: Abl. Plur. acubus, Cels. 7, 16. p. 294, 5 u. 8 D.

1 acus [CL] , husk, chaff. anseribus acera [gl.: curayles] substernat Neckam Ut. 101; quando ‥ frumentum nichil habebit acuris [sic]? W. Dan. Ep. 76; vendunt ‥ panes ‥ de avena, de acere et frequenter de furfure Garl. Dict. 127.

2 acus [CL] 1 needle. b magnetic needle. c stylus. d pin or brooch. e obelisk. f (fig.) point, sharpness. acus exilis Aldh. Aen. 29. 3; acus, netl GlC A 160; unde sutori subula sive sartori acus [AS: nædl] ? Ælf. Coll. 99; visu ‥ in tantum acuto ut per foramen acus filum trahere posset W. Cant. Mir. Thom. II 79; ut non minus subtiliter quam alie mulieres acu suere consueverit Gir. IK II 11; s1192 culcitra acuvariata [Brompton 1245: acuvariata] operosa Itin. Ric. VI 3; 1410 pro filo et acubus Ac. Durh. 609.  b habeat acum jaculo suppositam [v. l. superpositam] rotabitur enim et circumvolvetur acus donec cuspis acus respiciat orientem [v. l. septentrionem], sicque comprehendunt quo tendere debeant naute cum cynosura latet Neckam Ut. 114; per calamitam scitur ubi est tramontana cum acu (M. Scot Part.) Med. Sci. 294.  c acum vero graphium, tabulas et cultellulum ‥ a ‥ vestiario ‥ recipiant monachi Cust. Cant. 401.  d 1222 ne [moniales] in velo acus argenteas vel aureas audeant deportare Conc. Syn. 118; 1294 tres acus ad pallium de puro auro Invent. Ch. Ch. 5 (cf. ib. 7); 1461 unum tonellum de acubus capitis (Chanc. Proc.) Prejudice & Promise 186.  e tale Rome visitur, in quo positi sunt cineres Julii Cesaris, vocaturque acus S. Petri Beleth RDO 159 157; in summitate columne solide quadrate, ‥ que quondam Julia vocata fuit, nunc acus B. Petri vulgo nuncupatur Gir. PI I 17; duo lapides quadri ‥, quorum unus ‥ major est illo Rome erecto, qui a vulgaribus acus S. Petri nuncupatur S. Sim. Itin. 59.  f nulloque retunditur ere / mentis acus cupide Hanv. V 317. 2 hornbeak or other fish. acus, ‥ gronuisc GlC A 160; acus ‥ siccus piscis est et durus hornebeke nostri dicunt Caius Anim. 26. 3 (bot.): a (w. muscata) musk storksbill (Erodium) conf. w. musk mallow. b (w. palearis) Christ’s-thorn (Paliurus). a si bruneta et acusmuscata ponantur ‥, valebunt ‥ in omni ulcere sordido Gad. 125 v. 1; acus muscata minuta habet folia et fissa, florem indum vel subrufum ‥ acus muscata major, A. pouclesnedele Alph. 2; malva crispa, acus muscata idem, A. poukelesnedele Ib. 110.  b paliurus ab aliis †actus [l. acus] paliaris vel cicer domesticum vocatur Alph. 136.

1 ăcŭs, (15) ĕris, n. , balle du blé : Cato Agr. 37, 2 ; Varro R. 1, 52, 2.

2 ăcŭs, ī, m. , aiguille [poisson de mer] : Plin. 9, 166 ; Mart. 10, 37, 6.

3 ăcŭs, (12) ūs, f. , aiguille : vulnus acu punctum Cic. Mil. 65, blessure faite avec une aiguille ; acu pingere Ov. M. 6, 23, broder || tetigisti acu Pl. Rud. 1306, tu as mis le doigt dessus [tu as deviné juste] || épingle pour la chevelure : Petr. 21, 1 ; Mart. 2, 66, 1 ; 14, 24 ; Quint. 2, 5, 15, etc. || aiguille de chirurgien : Cels. Med. 5, 26, 23 ; 7, 7, 4, etc. || ardillon dʼune boucle : Treb. Claud. 14, 5.

➳ m. dans Plin. 26, 5 ; Prisc. Gramm. 5, 33 ; 6, 75 || dat. sing. acu Plin. 28, 179.

acus , eris. n.
麥皮糠

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acus , i. m.
針魚。

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acus , us. f.
針。挑頭。甚子。 — nautica 指南針。Acu pingere 剌繡。Rem acu tangere 絲毫不錯。

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acus ūs, f

• 2 AC-, a needle: volnus acu punctum: pingere acu, to embroider, V.

ACUS

ACUS,

Greek

(βελόνη, βελονίς, ῥαφίς, ἀκέστρα), a pin or needle, made sometimes of metal, sometimes of wood, bone, or ivory. They varied greatly in size, according to the purposes for which they were employed; and those used in dressing the hair or fastening the robe were often of gold or silver, and ornamented with figures. The ῥαφὶς seems to have answered to our sewing-needle, the ἀκέστρα (from ἀκέομαι) to our darning-needle, while βελόνη was apparently a wider term, corresponding both to our pin and needle (cf. Pollux, 7.42; 10.136). The preceding engraving represents a few of the more ordinary types. [J.H.O]

Acus--Greek pins.

a pin or needle (qua sarcinatrix vel etiam ornatrix utitur, Festus, s. v.). As a pin the acus seems to have been specially used for women's hair (acus crinalis, Apul. Met. 100.13, or comatoria, Petron. 21; or simply crinale, Or. Met. 5.53), and is accordingly figured, together with a comb, on the funeral monument of an ornatrix or coiffeuse. The acus crinalis was used to part the hair; hence called discriminalis (Hieron. in Rufin. 3, 42); and other acus served to curl, dye, or perfume it (Ov. Amor. 1.14, 15, and 30; Quintil. 2.5.12; Juven. 2.94, 6.498-Z2). When the coiffure was complete, an ornamental pin, such as the one figured in the annexed illustration, confined the plaits or ribbons. The length of these hair-pins varies from 6 to 9 inches; the material is generally gold or silver. Pins used for other purposes, such as fastening parts of the dress, were of course smaller, though adorned with equal art; the material is various, bone, ivory, and metal being all found. As a needle, the acus is mentioned in embroidery (pingere acu, Verg. A. 9.582; Mart. 8.28, 17, 14.150-Z2) and in surgical use for sewing wounds (Celsus, 7.16).

The mode of plaiting the hair, and then fastening it with a pin or needle (figat acus tortas sustineatque comas, Mart. 14.24), is shown in the annexed figure of a female head, taken from a marble group which was found at Apt, in the south of France.

(Montfaucon, Ant. Exp. Sueppl. 3.3.) This fashion has been continued to our own times by the females of Italy, and of some parts of Germany, as, for instance, in the neighbourhood of Coblenz. (Böttiger, Sabina, 1. p. 163; Becker-Göll, Gallus, 3. p. 272.)

[A.G]

Acus

dim. acicŭla (βελόνη, βελονίς, ῥαφίς). A needle, a pin.

We may translate acus a needle, when we suppose it to have had at one end a hole or eye for the passage of thread; and a pin, when, instead of a hole, we suppose it to have had a knob, a small globe, or any other enlarged or ornamental termination (cf. Pollux, vii. 42; x. 136).

The annexed figures of needles and pins, chiefly taken from originals in bronze, vary in length from an inch and a half to about eight inches.

Pins were made not only of metal, but also of wood, bone, and ivory. Their principal use was to assist in fastening the garments, and more particularly in dressing the hair. The mode of plaiting the hair, and then fastening it with a pin or needle, is shown in the annexed figure of a female head, taken from a marble group which was found at Apt, in the south of France.

The hair-pin was called acus crinalis or acus comatoria (Petron.21).