cyathus

cyăthus, i, m., = κύαθος, a small ladle for transferring the wine from the mixing-bowl (crater) to the drinking-cup (cf. Becker, Gall. 3, p. 221).

• I Prop., Varr. L. L. 5, § 124 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 24 (706); id. Ps. 4, 2, 2 (957); Hor. S. 1, 6, 117; Juv. 9, 47; Suet. Caes. 49 al.—
• II As a measure, both dry and liquid (particularly for wine), the twelfth part of a sextarius, Hor. C. 3, 8, 13; 3, 19, 12; Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 85; or ten Greek drachmae, Plin. 21, 34, 109, § 185; cf. Rhemn. Fann. Pond. 80.

cyathus (cyatus, cuathus), ī, m. (κύαθος), I) der Becher, a) als Trinkgefäß, der kleine Tummler, den die Römer gew. gebrauchten, Plaut. Pers. 794; Pseud. 957 (neben cantharus). Ter. adelph. 591. Varro LL. 5, 124. Hor. carm. 3, 19, 12; sat. 1, 1, 55. Mart. 8, 51, 21. – b) als Schöpfgefäß, um den Wein aus dem Mischkessel (crater) in die Becher (pocula) zu füllen, Hor. u.a.: puer dignus cyatho caeloque, würdig des Mundschenkenamts bei den Göttern (= ein zweiter Ganymed), Iuven.: statui ad cyathum, Mundschenk werden, Hor.: alci stare ad cyathum et vinum, bei jmd. den Mundschenk machen, Suet.: Caesaris a cyatho, Mundschenk, Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 3963. – II) ein Hohlmaß, sowohl für flüssige als trockene Dinge, der zwölfte Teil eines sextarius (nach Auct. de pond. 80) od. 10 Drachmen griech. Gewicht (nach Plin. 21, 185), für flüssige Dinge, Plin. 20, 227; u. (ohne bestimmtes Maß = ein Spitzglas) Cels. 1, 8. Scrib. 101: für trockene, Col. 8, 4, 5. Plin. 14, 85. – ➳ Die Schreibung cyatus oft in den besten Hdschrn. des Plautus (wo Ritschl u.a. cyathus, Fleckeisen cuathus); ferner Cato r. r. 114, 2 K. u. ö. Varro LL. 5, 124 cod. Goth., u. oft bei Hultsch Metr. scriptt. 1. vol. 2. p. XII u. p. 237. In der Volkssprache quiatus, Soran. Lat. app. § 56. p. 128, 5, u. in mehreren Handschriften bei Pallad. 1, 27, 1; 1, 28, 2; 5, 1, 2; 11, 14, 5 quiatus od. quatus.

cyathus [CL < κύαθος] , wine-cup or ladle. b liquid measure; c (fig.). cyatus, calix GlC C 972; 9‥ ciatis, i. calathis, vasis vel beodfatum GlH C 943 (cf. ib. C 2009: †cratus [? l. ciatus], bolla); 864 (11c) unum chiatum pretiosum de auro et argento fabrefactum pulcre ‥ nobis donavit CS 509; mensae cum ciatis totius sobrietatis R. Cant. Malch. IV 286; Herwardo ~um meri plenum detulit G. Herw. 323b; c1156 cum ciatum phiala propinanti porrexerim G. Foliot Ep. 130; in corporibus levigatis et tersis, ut sunt lucidi enses, pelves, ciathi speculorumque diversa genera, divinantes J. Sal. Pol. 408C; nobilis ille deus qui dicitur esse Lieus, / qui cyatos lutres amplos uteros facit utres (? Neckam Vers.) EHR XXX 453.  b ciatus pondus continet x dragmarum Bart. Angl. XIX 125 (cf. Isid. Etym. XVI 26. 7); 1321 (v. bussellus 1b); si dim. coclear accipiatur ‥ cum uno ciato vini odoriferi Gad. 67. 1; 13‥ quantum j testa avellane capere potest cum j ciato boni vini RB Ossory (HMC) 254.  c de tam spaciosa pelago tantum delibans ciatum Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 56.

cўăthus, ī, m. (κύαθος), cyathe, coupe, gobelet ; [servant] a) à boire : Pl. Pers. 771 ; 794 ; Pœn. 274 ; St. 706 ; cf. Isid. Orig. 20, 5, 4 ; b) à puiser le vin dans le cratère pour remplir les coupes : Hor. S. 1, 6, 117 ; ad cyathum stare Suet. Cæs. 49, servir dʼéchanson, cf. Hor. O. 1, 29, 8 ; Prop. 4, 8, 37 ; c) mesure pour les liquides ou qqf. les solides [douzième partie du sextarius ] : Cato Agr. 109 ; Hor. S. 1, 1, 55 ; Plin. 14, 85 ; 21, 185.

cyathus , i. m.
杯。二兩洒。斗。秤砣。 Puer ad cyathum 進酒之僕。提壺。

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cyathus ī, m

• , κύαθος, a cup, drinking-cup, glass: cyathos sorbillans, T., H., Iu.—A measure, the 12th part of a sextarius, H.

CYATHUS

CY´ATHUS(κύαφος), derived like κύλιξ from the root κυ-, which means hollow (Curt. Gr. Et. No. 79), and it is found applied to the hollow of the hand (see Liddell and Scott, s. v.). It was a small cup, used for transferring liquids from a larger to a smaller vessel. It had a high handle, to prevent the hand touching the liquid when the cup was dipped in the larger vessel. (See the accompanying specimen.) We hear of them as made of silver (Athen. 424 b) and brass (Poll. 10.122). Another form of the word seems to be κυαφίς, which Athen. 480 bcalls κοτυλῶδες ἀγγεῖον.

That the κύαφος was also used as a vessel for drinking from seems to be the opinion of competent archaeologists, e. g. Stephani and Jahn. (See Becker--Göll, Charikles, 3.91; Gallus, 3.403.) For the difficulties connected with κυαφίζεσφαι and drinking according to cyathi, the reader is referred to SYMPOSIUM

It is maintained by some (e. g. by Ussing) that κύαφος should be applied to the ladle with a long perpendicular handle, as in the cut below, called simpulum or trulla in Latin.

The term is also applied to an exact measure of capacity. It varies with the κοτύλη, of which it is always one-sixth, while it is one-twelfth of the sextarius. According to most of the tables, it is .0456 of a litre (=2/25 of a pint); but in the table headed περὶ μέτρων καὶ σταφμῶν ἱππιατρικῶν it is .0547 of a litre. The Greek symbol is Κυ; the Latin ΤΙ, Κυ, Κγ. (See Hultsch, Metrologici Scriptores, 1.237, and Index; also Griech. u. Röm. Metrologie, 104 sqq., 637-9, and Table x.)

The Greek word is further applied to a cupping-glass for bruises about the eyes (Ar. Lys. 444); and brass cups were originally used for this purpose. (See the Schol. on Ar.

Pax, 572.) But the Latin cyathus is not so used, the Latin term being cucurbita, from its gourd-like shape (cf. σικύα).

[L.C.P]

Cyăthus

(κύαθος). A Greek and Roman liquid measure, containing one twelfth of the sextarius or .0825 of a pint English. It was, in later times at least, the measure of the common drinking-glass among the Romans, who borrowed it from the Greeks. The form of the cyathus used at banquets was that of a small ladle, by means of which the wine was conveyed into the drinking-cups from the large vessel (κρατήρ) in which it was mixed.

The cyathus was the uncia, considered with reference to the sextarius as the unit; hence we have sextans used for a vessel containing the sixth of the sextarius, or two cyathi, quadrans for one containing three cyathi, triens for four cyathi, quincunx for five cyathi, and so on.