maturus

mātūrus, a, um (sup. usually maturissimus; less freq. maturrimus, Tac. A. 12, 65; cf. the adv.), adj. [root, Sanscr. ma-, measure, time, whence mane, matutinus; cf.: manus, modus; hence, timely, ready in time], ripe, mature (class.).

• I Lit., of fruits: poma matura et cocta (opp. cruda), Cic. Sen. 19, 71: uva, Verg. E. 10, 36: fruges, id. ib. 3, 80: maturissimae ficus, Col. 12, 17, 2.—With dat.: seges matura messi, ripe for harvesting, Liv. 2, 5.—Neutr. as subst.: quod maturi erat (opp. viride), Liv. 34, 26, 8. —
• II Transf.
• • A Ripe, mature, of the proper age, proper, fit, seasonable, timely, etc.—With dat.: filia matura viro, ripe for marriage, marriageable, Verg. A. 7, 53: maturus bello, Juv. 8, 169: vitulus templis maturus et arae, old enough for sacrifice, id. 12, 7: virgo, Hor. C. 3, 6, 22: ovis, fit for bearing, Col. 7, 3, 1: Roxane matura ex Alexandro, Just. 13, 2, 5; cf. venter, ripe for delivery, ready to bring forth, Ov. M. 11, 311: infans, id. ib. 7, 127: aetas, mature, fit for action, Verg. A. 12, 438: progenies matura militiae, Liv. 42, 52: L. Caesar viris, of the proper age for assuming the toga virilis, Vell. 2, 99.—Piur. subst.: mātūri, adults (opp. pueri), Lact. 5, 13, 3: omnia matura sunt, victoria, praeda, laus, ready to be seized, Sall. J. 85, 48.—With ad: ad arma, Sil. 16, 657.—Of mental qualities: ipse enim Thucydides, si posterius fuisset, multo maturior ac mitior fuisset, Cic. Brut. 83, 288: annis gravis atque animi maturus Aletes, mature in judgment, Verg. A. 9, 246: aevi, ripe in years, id. ib. 5, 73: centuriones, who had served out their time, Suet. Calig. 44: imperia, old, antiquated, Just. 11, 5, 7: scribendi tempus maturius, more seasonable, more favorable, Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3: mihi vero ad nonas bene maturum videtur fore, just at the right time, id. Fam. 9, 5, 1: se maturam oppetere mortem, in good old age, id. Div. 1, 18, 36: senex, Hor. A. P. 115.—
  • • 2 Powerful, vigorous: glaebasque jacentis Pulverolenter coquat maturis solibus aestas, Verg. G. 1, 66: lux, id. A. 10, 257: ignes (anni), Grat. Cyn. 59: maturae mala nequitiae, full-grown depravity, Juv. 14, 216.—
  • B That takes place early, early, speedy, quick: mittam hodie huic suo die natali malam rem magnam et maturam, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 5 (234): matura faba, the early bean (opp. to the late bean), Col. 2, 10: satio (opp. to late sowing), id. ib.: fenum, the first hay (opp. to the after-math), id. 7, 3: hiemes, early, Caes. B. G. 4, 20: decessio, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1: honores, Ov. P. 2, 1, 59: judicium, quick, Cic. Caecin. 3, 7: robur aetatis quam maturrimum precari, Tac. A. 12, 65: aetas maturissima, early life, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25: si mora pro culpa est, ego sum maturior illo, was there earlier, Ov. M. 13, 300.—Hence, adv.: mātūrē (sup. maturissime and maturrime; v. the foll.).
  • A Seasonably, opportunely, at the proper time (class.): custodes mature sentiunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96: satis mature occurrit, Caes. B. C. 3, 7: ubi consulueris, mature facto opus est, Sall. C. 1 fin.—
  • B Betimes, early, speedily, quickly, soon: mature fieri senem, Cic. Sen. 10, 32: proficisci, id. Fam. 3, 3, 1: Romam venire, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4.— Comp.: maturius proficiscitur, Caes. B. G. 4, 6: maturius pervenire, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 24, § 60: tempus quam res maturius me deserat, Sall. J. 42, 5: maturius ad Epulas ire, Juv. 11, 88: voluerunt veteres maturius hereditates adiri, Gai. Inst. 2, 55.—Sup.: maximos tumultus maturissime disjeci, Cato ap. Charis. p. 184 P.: res maturissime vindicanda est, as quickly, as early as possible, Cic. Caecin. 2, 7: quippe qui omnium maturrime ad publicas causas accesserim, id. de Or. 3, 20, 74: perge qua coeptas, ut quam maturrime merita invenias, Sall. H. 1, 48, 16 Dietsch.: quibus rebus quam maturrime occurrendum putabat, Caes. B. G. 1, 33 fin.—
  • C Prematurely, untimely: pater mature decessit, Nep. Att. 2, 1.—With a play upon the three meanings of the word (A., B., and C.): qui homo mature quaesivit pecuniam, Nisi eam mature parsit, mature esurit, he who has made money at the right time, if he is not soon sparing of it, will too soon suffer hunger, Plaut. Curc. 3, 10 (380).

mātūrus, a, um »rechtzeitig«, I) reif, A) v. Früchten, poma m. et cocta (Ggstz. cruda), Cic.: fruges, Verg.: ficus maturissimae, Colum.: seges farris matura messi, Liv. – neutr. subst., quod maturi erat (Ggstz. viride), Liv. 34, 26, 8. – B) reif, vollkommen, tauglich, 1) eig., physisch: a) übh.: maturi soles, vollzeitige, kräftige, Verg.: ovis, zur Zucht reif, -tauglich, Colum.: venter, dem Gebären nahe, Ov.: so auch von Frauen selbst, matura vocabit Ilithyiam, Ov.: Roxane matura ex Alexandro, hochschwanger von Alex., Iustin.; vgl. Burmann Phaedr. 1, 18, 5. – b) dem Lebensalter nach reif, d.i. erwachsen, mannbar, virgo, Hor.: Nero maturus annis, Tac.: maturior annis, der ältere, Ov. – m. Dat., virgo matura viro, Verg.: virgo iam matura nuptiis, Vitr.: Lucius maturus viribus, Vell.: progenies matura militiae, Liv.: u. so maturus imperio (Regierung), Liv.: ivit in Poenos nondum tantae maturus rei Scipio, Sen. – m. ad u. Akk., maturus ad arma, waffenfähig, Sil. – Plur. subst., maturi, Herangereifte, Erwachsene (Ggstz. pueri), Lact. 5, 13, 3. – u. v. Bejahrten u. dgl., bejahrt, od. wie ὡραῖος, gleichs. dem Tode reif, hochbejahrt, im hohen Alter, patres, Hor.: senex, Hor.: maturus aevi, Verg. (vgl. unten animo m. et aevo): te maturum oppetere mortem, Cic. de div. 1, 36 B. – u. vom Lebensalter selbst, aetas, männliches, zum Handeln kräftiges, Hor.: vetustas, hohes, Lucr.: u. so senecta, Ov. – c) dem Dienstalter nach bald ausgedient, centurionum maturi iam, Suet. – 2) übtr.: a) geistig u. moralisch, reif dem Verstand u. Charakter nach, annis gravis et animi maturus Aletes, Verg.: Lelex animo maturus et aevo, Ov. – b) der Entwicklung nach reif, gereift, an der Zeit, gloria, auf seinem Höhepunkt, Liv.: virtus, vollendete Tüchtigkeit, Liv.: seditio, zum Ausbruch reif, Liv.: missio, Curt.: imperia, zur Ausführung reif, Iustin.: edidit haec Calchas, quae iam matura (gereift) videtis, Cic. poët.: matura causa belli, die geltend zu machen an der Zeit war, schon gültige, Liv. – scribendi exspectandum tempus maturius, geeignetere, Cic.: mihi vero ad Nonas bene maturum videtur fore... Quare istum diem probo, Cic.: maturum videbatur (schien an der Zeit zu sein) repeti patriam, Liv. – dah. c) von dem, was sicher u. sogleich gewonnen werden kann, gleichs. schon zur Ernte reif, omnia matura sunt, victoria, praeda, laus, Sall. Iug. 85, 48. – II) frühzeitig, früh, zeitig, 1) eig.: faba, Frühbohne, Colum.: fenum, das Heu, im Ggstz. zum Grummet, Colum.: hiems, Caes.: dies, Tibull.: decessio, Cic.: mors, Flor. 3, 17, 9: honores, Hor. u. Ov.: calidiora atque eo maturiora messibus Apuliae loca, und wo deshalb die Ernte zeitiger wäre (früher einträte), Liv.: aetas maturissima, Cornif. rhet.: robur aetatis quam maturrimum precari, Tac. ann. 12, 65: sum maturior illo, bin zeitiger (eher) gekommen, Ov.: u. so ut taedio regum maturior veniret libertas, Liv. – maturum censeo faciendum, ut iubeas etc., Cato fr. – 2) übtr., der Entwicklung usw. nach früh = beschleunigt, schleunig, rasch, victoria, Liv.: iudicium, Cic. – ➳ Ungew. Superl. maturrimus, Tac. ann. 12, 65 (s. oben no. II, 1): öfter Adv. maturrime, s. mātūrēa. E.

maturus [CL] 1 (of fruit, crop, or product) ripe. ~am ‥ segetem metunt Gildas EB 16 (= Bede HE I 12); cum arboris sue fructus fuerit ~us, colligit fertque inde domino suo quantum sibi fuerit visum Simil. Anselmi 84; campestres fruges in ~as messes coaluerant W. Malm. GR IV 366; contigit ut campus ‥ per mensem et amplius ante commune maturationis tempus ‥ subito ~us inveniretur Gir. IK I 6 p. 69; accepit caseum antiquum longi temporis et †mastur’ [? l. maturum] et pulverizavit insimul Gilb. VII 324. 1; Mir. Hen. VI II prol. p. 79 (v. maturescere a). 2 (of person) fully grown, adult. virgo decora in omni membro, jamque ~am Theod. Laterc. 17; adultus, ~us GlC A 192; adulti, ~i Gl. Leid. 48. 73; [filia ‥ / ‥ nec adhuc matura sub annis] ~a, wis, ripe GlS 212. 3 (of condition) fully developed. b  (of time) sufficiently advanced. medicabilem potum sanitas ~a subsequitur W. Malm. Wulfst. II 9; donec interne caritatis degerente calore deduci poterit ad ~um ‥ FormOx 445.  b si-quidem hic cum ad ~am scientie, vel vite venitur etatem J. Sal. Met. 866; anni ‥ ~iores Gir. TH I 12 p. 35; a1213 ~ioribus annis Id. Ep. 3 p. 172; non juvente verbum illud, set nature pocius violente fuisse ~ior etas, in nullo mutata vel meliorata, manifeste declarat Id. SD 26. 4 mentally developed, mature, experienced: a (of person). b (of thought, judgement, or act). a ut ‥ patescat ‥ a quantis profectibus ‥ primordia et necdum ~a rudimentorum tirocinia ‥ processerint Aldh. Met. 1; hoc vehementer obstupendum [sc. est], quod de tali patre tam naturali tamque fideli, tam ~o in omnibus et tam morali, filius talis, tam innaturalis et tam infidelis omnique moralitate bona carens et maturitate, nasci potuit aut geniali linea propagari Gir. SD 130; benignus, religiosus, socialis, ~us, semper extitit, et affabilis G. S. Alb. II 51.  b 1159 donec ex ~o sicut decet consilio Doc. Theob. D p. 543; viris prudentibus ~i consilii Canon. G. Sempr. f. 96v; honesta et ~a conversacione doctor sacre pagine videretur V. Edm. Rich B 616; gens ‥ affectu pia et blanda, gestu ~a, habitu honesta Eul. Hist. II 100; qui ~e deliberacionis industria guerrarum molientes religare dispendis proscriptam pacem revocare curabant Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 88 p. 134; ~a religione, et veridica attestacione obluctando contradixit Feod. Durh. lxii. 5 advanced in age, old. antistes totus meritis maturus et annis Alcuin SS Ebor 1563; vultu maturus et actu Wulf. Swith. I 67; vultu ~us Mir. Hen. VI III 106 p. 188. 6 coming early or quickly. b occurring without delay, speedy. quatinus Eadzinum properes maturus ad ipsum Wulf. Swith. I 35; precox et precocus, ~us Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 471; tanto eris acceptior sponso tuo Christo, quanto fueris in veste vilior, ‥ in aspectu verecundior, in incessu ~ior P. Blois Ep. 55. 167A.  b surgit et ad tumbam maturo tramite pergit / sancti pontificis Wulf. Swith. I 108; arripuitque fugam maturo calle pedester Ib. II 779; se traxit versus eos, peditando ~o gressu Ad. Mur. Chr. 127; exitu ~o, id est ~a morte, cujusmodi est mors senum Trevet Troades 45.

1 mātūrus, a, um, ¶ 1 mûr : poma matura Cic. CM 71, fruits mûrs || n. pris subst^t  : quod maturi erat Liv. 34, 26, 8, ce quʼil y avait de mûr ¶ 2 [fig.] mûr, dans le développement voulu : maturi soles Virg. G. 1, 66, des soleils dans leur pleine ardeur ; filia matura viro Virg. En. 7, 53, fille en âge de prendre époux ; progenies matura militiæ Liv. 42, 52, 2, une jeunesse en âge de servir || mûr, à point : Thucydides... multo maturior fuisset Cic. Br. 288, Thucydide aurait été beaucoup plus mûr, aurait eu un style moins rude ; tempus maturum mortis Cic. CM 76, le moment voulu de la mort, qui vient à point ; matura mors Cic. Div. 1, 36, mort qui arrive à lʼâge normal ; mihi ad nonas bene maturum videtur fore Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 1, il me semble que lʼépoque des nones sera le bon moment ; scribendi tempus maturius Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3, un moment plus favorable pour écrire ¶ 3 prompt, hâtif : maturæ hiemes Cæs. G. 4, 20, 1, hivers hâtifs ; matura decessio Cic. Q. 1, 1, 1, prompt retour de province ; maturo judicio Cic. Cæc. 7, par un prompt jugement ; supplicium maturius Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 147, un supplice plus prompt ; robur ætatis quam maturrimum precari Tac. Ann. 12, 65, souhaiter dans des prières la plus prompte maturité possible de lʼâge ¶ 4 qui a atteint tout son développement : maturus ævi Virg. En. 5, 73, vieux ; centurionum maturi Suet. Cal. 44, ceux des centurions qui ont fait leur temps ; animi maturus Virg. En. 9, 246, dʼesprit mûri par lʼexpérience, cf. Tac. Ann. 1, 4.

➳ sup. maturissimus Her. 4, 25 ; Col. Rust. 12, 17, 2.

maturus , a, um. adj. c. s.
熟者。成熟。合時者。速。成材。智者。— armis vel ad arma 可當兵之時。Venter maturus 將分娩之婦。Animi (gen.) maturus 有見識者。Aevi maturus 老。Matura viro filia 可嫁之女。Funeri maturo propior 衰敗。已近昏耗。Matura cibo uva 可食之葡萄果。Maturum tempus 合時。Maturum malum 忽然之難。Maturum facere 速做。Matura lux 全完之光。日高時。Maturrimus pro Maturissimus.

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mātūrus adj.

• with comp.mātūrior, and sup.mātūrissimus, or mātūrrimus, ripe, mature: poma: uva, V.: seges messi, ripe for harvesting, L.—As substn.: quod maturi erat, all the ripe (corn), L. —Ripe, mature, of age, proper, fit, seasonable, timely: virgo, H.: infans, O.: aetas, of manhood, V.: omnia matura sunt, ready to be seized, S.: animi, of ripe judgment, V.: aevi, of mature years, V.: animo et aevo, O.: tempus, seasonable: scribendi tempus maturius: mihi ad Nonas bene maturum videtur fore, just at the right time: filia matura viro, marriageable, V.: (progenies) militiae, L.: vitulus templis maturus et arae, old enough for sacrifice, Iu.—Of mature years, advanced in life: se maturum oppetere mortem: senex, H.—Of full strength: soles, V.: maturae mala nequitiae, fullgrown depravity, Iu.—That takes place early, early, speedy: hiemes, Cs.: aetas maturissima, Her.: honores, O.: iudicium, quick: robur maturrimum, Ta.: ego sum maturior illo, was there earlier, O.: Maturior vis, i. e. premature death, H.