ni

nī: (conj.), not, lest, that not, 3.686; for nisi, if not, unless, except, 5.356, et al.

nī (old orthography nei, v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [identical with ne and the prim. form, whence nisi, i. e. si ni].

• I Adv., like ne, an absolutely negative particle, not.—So only in the combinations,
• • A Quid ni? or, in one word, quidni? why not? quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27 (1120): quid ego ni fleam? id. ib. 4, 8, 1 (1311): quidni, inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. quidni.—
  • B Nimirum, lit. not wonderful; v. nimirum.—
• II Conj., like ne, in imperative and intentional clauses, not, that not (ante-class. and poet.): ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3 (339): vinum aliudve quid ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent ... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.: QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc., Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40: IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE, Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643: (lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret, Prop. 2, 7, 2: obstabat vallum, ni instent acies, Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne): monent ... ni teneant cursus, Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—
• III As a conditional negative (= si non, nisi), if not, unless, but that.
• • A In gen.
  • • • • α With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he summon him before court, if he go not, then he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.: nam ni illum recipit, nihil est quo me recipiam, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35 (103): ni offerumentas habebis plures in tergo tuo, etc., id. Rud. 3, 4, 48 (753): mirum ni domi est, Ter. And. 598: moriar ni puto, etc., Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1: ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes, Verg. A. 1, 392: si is homo moritur, probe factum ... ni moritur, tum, etc., Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—
        • β With subj.: quid ploras, pater?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus sum, it's a wonder I don't sing (ironically), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279: dicerem, quae ante futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc., Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4: ni ita se res haberet, id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni tamen exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73: ni faciat, Verg. A. 1, 58: omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant, id. ib. 2, 178: nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni fama ... animos fregisset, Liv. 32, 31, 2: ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla sit pacis condicio, id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 In formal lang. of law, in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77: judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit, Liv. 3, 57: tum illud quod dicitur sive nive irrident, etc., Cic. Caecin. 23, 65: cedo qui cum habeam judicem, Ni dolo malo instipulatus sis. nive etiam dum siem Quinque et viginti annos natus, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (1381) (v. the passage in connection); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9 (714): id ni fit, mecum pignus, si quis volt, dato in urnam mulsi, that it is not so, bet me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35 (700); id. Poen. 5, 4, 72 (1245). —
    • 2 Ni quis scivit (if any one has not voted), the name of a centuria created by Servius Tullius for those to vote in who had not voted in their own centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—*
    • 3 For nisi quod, Amm.22, 11 fin.—
    • 4 Ni forte, for nisi forte: ni forte satius est, etc., Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, nisi), Quint. 11, 2, 27.

nī, Adv. u. Coni., I) altert. = ne, neben dem Imperativ u. Konjunktiv zur Angabe eines Verbotes od. einer Absicht, nicht, daß nicht (vgl. Ritschl opusc. 2, 622 ff. Lachm. Lucr. 2, 734), ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas, Plaut.: caveto ni quam materiem doles, Cato fr.: homines moneo, ni qui diffidat sibi, Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 3128 = Carm. epigr. 184: monent... ni teneant currus, Verg.: quā (lege) quondam edictā flemus uterque diu, ni nos divideret, Prop. – dah. quid ni (quidni)? wie nicht? warum nicht? α) in der Antwort auf eine Frage, ergo tu iubes tollam? quidni? Plaut. β) zur Bekräftigung nach einer Behauptung, erat illarum partium: quidni? Cic.: bei Späteren auch mit non verb., quidni non timeat, qui mori sperat? gewiß fürchtet, Sen. γ) ironisch, warum nicht gar? Cic. u.a. – II) = nisi, wo nicht, wofern nicht, wenn nicht, ni tua custodis, avidus iam haec auferet heres, Hor.: plures cecĭdissent, ni nox proelio intervenisset, Liv.: sponsionem fecisset, ni vir bonus esset, Cic. – u. so in nachdrücklichen Behauptungen, perii hercle hodie, ni hunc a te abigo, Plaut.: quod ni ita se haberet, nec iustitiae ullus esset nec bonitati locus, Cic. – in Drohungen, excidium minitans, ni causam suam dissociarent, Tac.: regna ipsa Latini, ni... fatentur, eruam, Verg. – bei Beteuerungen u. Verwünschungen, moriar, ni puto, Cic. – in der Formel mirum ni, ich sollte mich wundern, wenn nicht, mirum ni cantem, ich soll wohl gar singen, Nov. com. fr.: mirum ni domi est, ich müßte mich sehr irren, wenn er nicht zu Hause wäre, er ist sicherlich zu Hause, Ter. – in der parenth. Formel ni fallor, Ov. fast. 4, 623. Sen. ep. 14, 3 u. Spät. – arch. Nbf. nei, Plaut. Poen. 865. Catull. 6, 2 u. 14; 14, 1. – ni... nive (oder wenn nicht), Plaut. rud. 1381. – si... nive... nive, Plaut. rud. 714 sq. – sive... nive, Cic. Caecin. 65 (vgl. Iordan Prolegg. p. 41, wo auch p. 39 sq. gegen Rost u. Huschke gezeigt wird, daß ni bei Sponsionen usw. nur dann üblich ist, wenn sie in der oratio obliqua aufgeführt werden): u. so per istud philosophiae sive nive, Sen. ep. 48, 10.

1 ni [CL] 1 (as simple negation) not; (quid ni?) why not? . quid ni, †quod ne [l. quid non] GlC Q 58; cum tu subdideris modicas proprio studio res / divitis es vene sic, sed, te judice, flores / ingenio. quid ni? sed fedi sunt tibi mores Neckam Poems 455. 2 (to introduce conditional cl.) supposing ‥ not, if ‥ not (usu. w. subj. in protasis and apodosis). et, ni pro contribulibus apostolicae caritatis affectu ut illos plaga non tangeret mori optasset ‥ inconsideratam cordis elationem propria morte piaret Gildas EB 39; quod scelus infandum patraret crimine numquam / ni mero madidus nesciret jura tororum Aldh. VirgV 2524; Beda ‥ / ni praevenisset nostras prius ipse camoenas / inciperem lyricas omnes extendere fibras Alcuin SS Ebor 744. 3 except in the event of, unless: a (w. ind. in protasis and apodosis); b (w. subj. in protasis and ind. in apodosis); c (w. subj. in protasis and subj., future, or sim., in apodosis). a eodem modo ‥ ni fallor ‥ mentis ingenium ‥ decurrit Aldh. VirgP 4 p. 232.  b haec solet ad bellum ferratos ducere contos / horrida facturos animabus vulnera sanctis / nostras ni Dominus mentes defendat inermes Aldh. VirgV 2642.  c et ni profusior eis munificentia cumularetur, testantur se cuncta insulae rupto foedere depopulaturos Gildas EB 23; sed me subnixum nulla virtute videbis / viscera ni fuerint nitidis quassata medullis Aldh. Aen. 40 (Piper) 6; 955 si quisque ‥ cartulam infringere temptaverit, ni prius in hoc seculo digne castigetur, in futuro perenni cruciatu prematur CS 903. 4 (nullus ‥ ni or sim.) except, save for. cum nil ni latices mea possint vincere fata Aldh. Aen. 44 (Ignis) 4; nullus erat potior muliebri viscere natus / ni medicus mundi, proles generata Tonantis Id. VirgV 420; nulla manus cartam discingat, ni tua, praesul Alcuin Carm. 29. 2. 1.

2 ni v. ny

nī, (8)

I particule de négation (ne-i cf. οὐχί) arch. ¶ 1 = non : quid ego ni fleam ? Pl. Mil. 1311, comment ne pleurerais-je pas ? cf. Mil. 1120 ; [dʼoù] quidni, quippini, nimirum, v. ces mots ¶ 2 = ne [avec impér. ou subj. de volonté] : ni laudato Varr. d. Non. 281, 31, ne loue pas ; ni... referas Pl. Epid. 339, ne porte pas en compte... ; monere ni Virg. En. 3, 686, recommander de ne pas.

II conj. = si non, si ne... pas : dicerem, ni vererer Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4, je dirais, si je ne craignais pas ; moriar, ni puto... Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1, que je meure, si je ne crois pas... || ni... nive (= et ou vel ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... nive... nive Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas || sive... nive Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs].

ni . conj.
不然。除。若不。Mirum ni domi est 若不在家即怪也。Rempublicam sistere negat ni ad equestrem ordinem judicia revertantur 彼謂若訟不歸紳士則國家亦不能存。 Cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset 除非彼非善人。定必以我言爲是。

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nī adv.and conj.

• 2 NA-.
• II. Adv, not.—Only in the phrase, quid ni? (often quidni? always with subj.or ellipt.), why not? of course: Ch. hem, Clinia haec fieri videbat? Me. quid ni? T.: quid ni iste neget?—
• IIII. Conj., in clauses of prohibition or negative purpose, not, that not: monent . . . ni teneant cursūs, V.—As a conditional negative, if not, unless, but that, but: mirum ni domist, T.: moriar ni puto, etc.: Ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes, V.: ni fallor (parenthet.), O.: quid ploras, pater? Mirum ni cantem; condemnatus sum, strange I don't sing, Nov. ap. C.: ni festinem, were I not in haste, V.: nec Boi detrectassent pugnam, ni fama . . . animos fregisset, L.—Esp., in covenants, stipulations, and threats: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset, gave bonds to prove his good character: tum illud quod dicitur sive, nive, inrident, i. e. the forms of pleading.