perpendiculum
perpendiculum, a plummet, plumb-line
- I Lit.: non egeremus perpendiculis, non normis, non regulis, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 163, 3: ad perpendiculum columnas exigere, to examine by a plumb-line, id. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 133: ad perpendiculum, perpendicular, perpendicularly, id. Fat. 10, 22: tigna non directa ad perpendiculum, sed prona et fastigiata, Caes. B. G. 4, 17: perpendiculo respondere (opp. habere proclinationes), Vitr. 6, 11; Plin. 35, 14, 49, § 172; Vulg. Zach. 1, 16.—
- II Trop.: ad perpendiculum seque suosque habuit, Aus. Parent. 5: honestatem lenium morum velut ad perpendiculum librans, Amm.29, 2, 16; cf. id. 21, 16, 3: velut ad perpendiculum aemulae urbes, on a strict equality, id. 14, 8, 11.
~o [gl.: ~um est plumbum cum quo equatur maceries ]
simmetriis perpendiculo perfecte libratis / ecclesiam statuit
~um,wealles rihtungþred
in Deo sane numerum, mensuram, et pondus ‥ absque ~i motione
erigitur altitudo muri ‥ secundum legem amussis et ~i [gl.: ~um est plumbum cementarii, quod descendens deorsum rectificat parietis assensum ]
trullam et ~um [] et alias mensuras operariorum instrumenta visu [ : Trevisa honginge plomettes v. l. usi ] sunt habere [angeli ]
hoc ~um,a plomet
~um,pundur
~um quippe etiam in terra perditionis extendendum prophetat Isaias
hec regula,a mason rewle ; hoc ~um idem
a sware , quadra ‥a swyre , amussis, ~um
eum de trabis dampno lusissent ‥. illi, ~o apposito, signum et emendationem experti letum erubere
reperturum est ‥ profundissimum maris in ~o spacium stadiorum quindecim
nobile guttur / in cujus perpendiculo latet hamus amoris
~o [gl.: ~um est quod semper adpenditur ]
hoc ~um, li, i. illud unde lebetes feruntur et suspenduntur a trabe
a kylpe of a caldron ’, ~um
si ‥ prius haec mediocria metricae definitionis regulis minime caruerint tripertitamque sillabarum differentiam juxta ~um scandendi rite servaverint
tripertita heroici exametri ~a
ut a catholicae fidei ~o [gl.: i. a rectitudine vel memoria ] ad tortas simulacrorum caeremonias vergeretur
dum cupidus gestit normam aequiperare magistri / et similare sui jam perpendicula patris
magis ex subitaneo furore quam ex ~o equitatis et justitiae emanare credidit
Perpendiculum dicitur illud unde lebetes feruntur et suspenduntur.
Perpendiculum, Perpendicles, un instrument à maçon de quoy il fait le mur droit, ou ance de chauderon.
Guill. Bibliothecarius in Stephano VI. PP. pag. 236 :Cum Perpendiculo defert ancilla lebetem, Sed Perpendiculum sit linea macerionum.
Et in pergula ipsius Basilicæ.... posuit cantharam auream unam cum pretiosis margaritis, et gemmis ac smalto, cum Perpendiculo ad pendendum.
Introrsus hic puer oceanum spatio.
milliarium navigatur Perpendiculariter sub sole et luna et circulo æquinoctiali.
- perpendo, a plummet, plumb-line: ad perpendiculum columnas exigere, set by plummet: ad perpendiculum, perpendicularly: non directe ad perpendiculum, sed prone, Cs.
PERPENDI´CULUM(κάθετος, μολυβδίς, στάθμη), a plumb-line, a string with a piece of metal attached, used by masons, carpenters, &c. to test the correctness of their perpendicular lines (Vitr. 7.3, 5; Isid. Or. 19.18): hence the expression ad perpendiculum of the correct line (Cic. Ver. 1.5. 1, 133; Caes. B. G. 4.17, &c.). Cicero (ad Qu. Fr. 3.1, 2) distinguishes it from linea (=κανών), the line for measuring horizontally. This linea was called in Greek also (σχοῖνος and σπαρτίον, and, from its being coloured to make a mark, μιλτεῖον. Blümner, wrongly we think, excludes στάθμη from this sense, and makes it altogether equivalent to perpendiculum. There is no doubt that it was sometimes a plumb-line, as in Anth. Pal. 6.103, (στάθμην μολιβαχθέα: but that it was also (perhaps more commonly) a horizontal line is clear from its use to make a straight τάφρος in Hom. Od. 21.121.It was probably a line getting the true direction either way; and the expressions παρὰ στάθμην, ἐπὶ στάθμην would come from either use. We have also the phrases πρὸς κάθετον, εἰς κάθετον = ad perpendiculum. (Blümner, Technologie, 2.235.)
[G.E.M](κάθετος, μολυβδίς, στάθμη). A plumb-line, or string with a piece of lead attached, used by carpenters, masons, and other artisans to test the correctness of their perpendicular lines (Vitruv. vii. 3, 5). The line used in measuring horizontally was called linea (κανών).