quadruplator

quā̆drŭplātor (quadrĭplātor, Fest. p. 259 Müll. v. h. v.: quădrŭpŭlā-tor, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18 (70)), ōris, m. [quadruplo].

• One who multiplies by four, a quadrupler, Ap. Apol. p. 330, 20. —
• • B Transf., a multiplier, magnifier, exaggerator: beneficiorum suorum, Sen. Ben. 7, 25, 1. —
• II One who farmed the tolls, of which he received a fourth part, Sid. Ep. 5, 7.

quā̆drū̆plātor (quā̆drī̆-), ōris, m. [quadruplor],

• a public informer, who received a fourth part of the thing informed against (acc. to others, against one who committed an offence punishable with a fourfold penalty; cf. sector); also, in gen., a trickster, chicaner, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18 (70): deterrimus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 21; 2, 2, 8, § 22; Liv. 3, 72; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 259, 3 Müll.; Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; 21, 68.

quadruplātor, ōris, m. (quadruplo), der Vervierfacher, I) im allg.: a) eig., Apul. apol. 89. – b) übtr., der Vergrößerer, quadruplatores beneficiorum suorum, Verwerter ihrer W. um das Vierfache, Wucherer mit ihren W., Sen. de ben. 7, 25, 1. – II) insbes.: A) der vom Zolle den vierten Teil erhaltende Zollpachter, invidere portoria quadruplatoribus, Sidon. epist. 5, 7, 3. – B) der Angeber, der den vierten Teil von der Strafe od. vom Vermögen des Bezichtigten erhält, der Viertelerschleicher, Plaut., Cic. u.a.; vgl. Paul. ex Fest. 259, 3 (wo quadriplatores). – ➳ Gedehnte Nbf. quadrupulātor bei Plaut. Pers. 70 hergestellt von Fleckeisen Krit. Misc. S. 36. Vgl. quadruplor u. quadruplus a. E.

quadruplator [CL =one who multiplies by four or who receives a fourth part] , one who walks with four supports (i. e. two feet and two sticks). ~or, senex vel contractus qui duobus pedibus et duobus baculis sustentatus per plateas incedit, quod in Sidonio [Sidon. Ep. V 7. 3] reperies Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 492.

quădrŭplātŏr, (13) ōris, m. (quadruplo), ¶ 1 celui qui quadruple : Apul. Apol. 89 ; [fig.] qui grossit : Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 1 ¶ 2 a) celui qui perçoit moyennant un quart de remise : Sid. Ep. 5, 7 ; b) quadruplateur, délateur qui recevait le quart des biens de lʼaccusé : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21 ; 22 ; P. Fest. 259, 3.

➳ quadrupulator Pl. *Pers. 70.

quadruplator , oris. m.
得四分一之原吿。施少以獲多者。

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quadruplātor (quadri-) ōris, m

• quadruplor, a seizer of a fourth part; hence (because informers were rewarded out of forfeitures), an informer for profit: quadruplatorum deterrimus—A corrupt judge, L.

QUADRUPLATOR

QUADRUPLA´TORa professional accuser in cases involving a pecuniary penalty (Plant. Pers. 1.2, 18; Cic. Ver. 2.8, 22; Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; Liv. 3.72; Fest. p. 259). The index was one who was himself involved in the crime or conspiracy, and, by coming forward as informer, gained immunity for himself and a reward paid by the state treasury (Liv. 2.5, 4.45-Z2, 22.33-Z2, 32.26-Z2, 39.19-Z2; Cic. Cat. 4.5; Suet. Jul. 17). The quadruplator differed from the index in the nature of the cases involved, in the fact that he was not himself liable but took up the accusation as a means of making money, and thirdly because he derived his gains from a share of the penalty, and so from the property of the accused, not from the state. [For a later development of the professional accuser under the Empire, see DELATOR. ] Several emperors tried to get rid of quadruplatores (Capitol. Anton. P. 7; M. Ant. Phil. 11): in the later Empire the term disappears.

As to the origin and strict meaning of the word, there is some controversy. Ps.-Ascon. (in Cic. l. c.) gives two opinions. As to the first--that the quadruplator received one-fourth of the accused person's property--this scarcely agrees with the etymology, which should mean fourfold, and is probably a confusion arising from the fact that the later delatores received one-fourth. So far as we know, this began with the Lex Julia de majestate. The second view is probably more correct--that the quadruplator had to do with cases where the penalty was four times the damage; as, for instance, violation of the laws of usury (Liv. 7.28; Cato, R. R. init.; FENUS], and it is probable that the condemnation to pay fourfold was not uncommon in other cases: we find it as the penalty for provincials who kept back the corn tribute (Cic. Ver. 3.1. 3, 34), and the term quadruplator applied, in Sidon. Ep. 5.7, to one who farmed the tolls, is perhaps derived from his exacting fourfold from defaulters. Possibly, as Mommsen thinks, the quadruplator originally received the whole penalty (quadruplus) from the accused; afterwards only a proportion, large or small. The locus classicus in Plaut. Pers. 1.2, 18 does not lay down the actual law, but only what the poet wishes to be the law, that the quadruplator should, if he made good his accusation [ si --damnet ], pay half the penalty to the treasury, receiving only half for himself; and that, on the other hand, he should himself be condemned in the fourfold penalty if he failed in his proof.

[Geib, Criminalprocess, 106; Walter, Gesch. d. röm. Rechts, § 860; Rudorff, Röm. Rechtsgesch., 463; Mommsen, Staatsrecht, ii.3 599; and (for the passage of Plautus) Götz, in Rhein. Mus. 30.167.]

[W.S] [G.E.M]

Quadruplātor

A professional accuser in those cases under the Roman law which involved a pecuniary penalty ( Verr. ii. 8. 22). The name probably owes its origin to the fact that the quadruplator professed to expose offences in which the fine was fixed at four times the damage, as, for example, a violation of the usury laws (Livy, vii. 28), and in which, therefore, his own reward would be large. See Geib, Criminalprocess, 106; and the article delator.