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ἄκρος

ἄκρος, ἄκρος, topmost, outmost, inmost; highest

ἄκρος, α, ον, (on the Root v. ἀκή A)
  • at the farthest point or end, hence either topmost, outermost, or inmost.
      • 1 highest, topmost, ἀκροτάτῃ κορυφῇ Il. 1.499, al.; ἐν πόλει ἄκρῃ, = ἐν ἀκροπόλει, Il. 6.88, cf. 257; ἄκρῳ Ὀλύμπῳ 13.523; ἀνὰ Γαργάρῳ ἄκρῳ 14.352; λάψοντες . . μέλαν ὕδωρ ἄκρον at its surface, 16.162; ἄκρον ῥινόν surface of skin, Od. 22.278; ἐπʼ ἄκρων ὀρέων on mountain tops, S. OT 1106: Sup. ἀκρότατος, ὔσδος Sapph. 93.2; ὀρόφοισι Orac. ap. Hdt. 7.140.
      • 2 outermost, πεδίον ἐπʼ ἄκρον to the farthest edge of the plain, S. Ant. 1197; κατʼ ἄκρας σπιλάδος from the surface of a stone, Id. Tr. 678; esp. of extremities of body, ἄ. χείρ, πόδες, ὦμος, end of hand, ends of feet, tip of shoulder, Il. 5.336, 16.640, 17.599; ἄκρων χειρῶν καὶ ποδῶν Hdt. 1.119, cf. Th. 2.49, Pl. La. 183b, Ti. 76e; but τὸ ἄ. τῆς χειρός, τοῦ ποδός, thumb, great toe, LXX Ex. 29.20, Le. 18.22; γλῶσσαν ἄκραν S. Aj. 238; πίτυν ἄκρας τῆς κόμης καθέλκων by the top of the crown, Cratin. 296:—ἐπʼ ἄκρων [δακτύλων] on tiptoe, S. Aj. 1230, ubi v. Sch.; comically, ἐπʼ ἄκρων πυγιδίων on tip-tail, Ar. Ach. 638; ἐν ἄκροισι βὰς ποσί E. Ion 1166; παρʼ ἄκρας τρίχας Or. 128; ἀκροτάτοις χείλεσι Epigr.Gr. 547.8:—οὐκ ἀπʼ ἄκρας φρενός not from the outside of the heart, i.e. from the inmost heart, A. Ag. 805, cf. E. Hec. 242; ἄκροισι λαίφους κρασπέδοις with mere edges of sail, i.e. under close-reefed sails, Id. Med. 524, cf. Ar. Ra. 999.
        • b Geom., of the extremity of a line, ἡ ἐπʼ ἄκραν τὴν ἀποληφθεῖσαν ἀγομένη Apollon.Perg. Con. 4.8: Math., of extremes in a proportion, Pl. Ti. 36a, etc.; εἰς ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τέμνειν cut in extreme and mean ratio, Euc. 6.30, cf. 5 Def. 17.
        • c in Tactics, ἄκροι, οἱ, flank men, Ascl. Tact. 1.3, cf. 7.6.
      • 3 inmost, μυελός E. Hipp. 255.
    • II of Time, ἄκρᾳ σὺν ἑσπέρᾳ on the edge of evening. i.e. at nightfall, Pi. P. 11.10, cf. ἄκρῃ νυκτί Arat. 775; ἄκρου τοῦ ἔαρος at beginning of spring, IPE 12.352.29 (Cherson., ii B. C.); but usu. denoting completeness, ἄκρου τοῦ θέρεος at mid-summer, Hp. Aph. 3.18; χειμῶνος ἄκρω Theoc. 11.37; ἄκρας νυκτός at dead of night, S. Aj. 285.
    • III of Degree, highest in its kind, consummate,
      • 1 of persons, Hdt. 5.112, 6.122; τοξότης ἄ. A. Ag. 628; θεσφάτων γνώμων ἄ. ib. 1130; μάντις S. El. 1499; ἰατροί Phld. Lib. p.67 O.; οἱ πάντῃ ἄ., οἱ ἀκρότατοι Pl. Tht. 148c; of any extremes, opp. τὰ μεταξύ, τοῖς ἄ. τὰ ἄ. ἀποδιδόναι Id. R. 478e, cf. Phd. 90a; of classes in a state, Arist. Pol. 1296b39: in moral sense, both good and bad, ἐπιδικάζονται οἱ ἄ. τῆς μέσης χώρας Id. EN 1107b31; αἱ ἄ. [διαθέσεις] ib. 1108b14, cf. ἄκρον II.1:—c. acc. modi, ψυχὴν οὐκ ἄ. not strong of mind, Hdt. 5.124; ἄ. τὰ πολέμια 7.111; ἄ. ὀργήν quick to anger, passionate, 1.73; Εὐρώπη ἀρετὴν ἄκρη 7.5: c. gen., οἱ ἄ. τῆς ποιήσεως Pl. Tht. 152e; ἄ. εἰς φιλοσοφίαν R. 499c; περὶ ὁπλομαχίαν Lg. 833e.
      • 2 of things, highest, extreme, συμφορά Alex. 222.4 (cj. Dobree); νηστεία Diph. 54: Sup., Pl. Phlb. 45a.
    • IV as Subst., v. ἄκρα, ἄκρον.
    • V neut. as Adv., on the top or surface, ἄκρον ἐπὶ ῥηγμῖνος Il. 20.229; ἄκρα δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτᾶς βαθμῖδος AP 7.428.3 (Mel.).
      • 2 reg. Adv. ἄκρως, ἀνεστάλθαι to be turned up at the point, Hp. Mochl. 24.
        • b utterly, perfectly, Pl. R. 543a, Hegesand. 4; μόνος ἄκρως Euphro 1.5; σχῆμα ἄ. στρογγύλον absolutely round, Hero Def. 76.
        • c skilfully, Phld. Lib. p.27 O.

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