ὠθέω

ὠθ-έω, Att. impf. ἐώθουν Ar. Pax 637 (troch.), D. 9.65, (ἐξ-) Th. 7.52, etc., and ἐώθει even in h.Merc. 305; Ion. and Ep. 3 sg. ὤθει Il. 21.241; Ion. ὤθεσκε Od. 11.596: but ὤθει E. IT 1395 is f.l. for ὠθεῖ (Kirchhoff): fut. ὠθήσω Id. Cyc. 592, Ar. Ec. 300 (lyr.), (ἐξ-) S. Aj. 1248; but ὤσω E. Med. 379, Andr. 344, and always in Prose; ἀπ-ώσω Od. 15.280, Ep. inf. ἀπ-ωσέμεν Il. 13.367: Att. aor. ἔωσα Pl. Ti. 60c, etc., (ἐξ-) S. OC 1296, 1330, etc.; Ion. and Ep. ὦσα Il. 1.220, Hdt. 7.167, Ep. ὤσασκε Od. 11.599; but ἔωσα Il. 16.410, (ἀπ-) Od. 9.81; later ὤθησα Ael. NA 13.17, etc.: pf. ἔωκα (ἐξ-) Plu. Aud. 2.48c: plpf. ἐώκει (ἐξ-) Id. Brut. 42:—Med., fut. ὤσομαι (ἀπ-) S. El. 944, etc., (δι-) A. Fr. 199.9, etc.:—Att. aor. ἐωσάμην Th. 4.43, Ar. V. 1085 (troch., with vv. ll.); Ion. and Ep. ὠσάμην Il. 16.592, Hdt. 9.25, v.l. in Ar. V. l.c.:—Pass., fut. ὠσθήσομαι E. Med. 335 (v.l. ὠθήσομαι), (ἐξ-) D. 24.61: Att. aor. ἐώσθην (ἐξ-) X. HG 2.4.34, etc.; later ὤσθην (ἐξ-) Arr. An. 4.25.3, Plot. 4.4.45: Att. pf. ἔωσμαι X. Cyr. 7.1.36, (ἀπ-, περι-) Th. 2.39, 3.57; Ion. part. ἀπωσμένος Hdt. 5.69:—

• thrust, push,
• • I mostly of human force, as of Sisyphus, σκηριπτόμενος χερσίν τε ποσίν τε λᾶαν ἄνω ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφον he kept pushing it . ., Od. 11.596, cf. 599; ἀπὸ εἷο τράπεζαν ὦσε ποδὶ πλήξας 22.20; [ἔγχος] ὑπὲκ δίφροιο pushed it away from . ., Il. 5.854; ἂψ ἐς κουλεὸν ὦσε ξίφος 1.220; τοῖσι δʼ ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν νέφος ἀχλύος ὦσεν Ἀθήνη 15.668; τὸν δὲ Ζεὺς ὦσεν ὄπισθε χειρί ib. 694, cf. 13.193; ὦσαί [τινα] ἀφʼ ἵππων 5.19; ἀφʼ ἵππων χαμᾶζε ib. 835, etc.; so ὦσαι ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ rush into the fire, Hdt. 7.167; ὠ. τινα ἐπὶ κεφαλήν throw him headlong down, Pl. R. 553b (Pass., ὠθέεσθαι ἐπὶ κ. Hdt. 7.136); ὠ. τινα ἐπὶ τράχηλον Luc. DMort. 22[27].1; πετρῶν ὦσαι κάτω E. Cyc. 448, cf. Pl. Phdr. 229c; εἰς λιθοτομίας D. 53.17: freq. of weapons, ὠ. ξίφος διʼ ἀμφοτέρων thrust it through both, Hdt. 3.78; τεκούσης ἐς σφαγὰς ὦσαι ξίφος E. Or. 291; διὰ μέσου αὐχένος ὠθεῖ σίδηρον Id. Ph. 1458; φάσγανον διʼ ἥπατος Id. Med. 379; ξίφος πρὸς ἧπαρ Id. Hel. 983; δαλοῦ κώπην ἔσω βλεφάρων Id. Cyc. 485 (anap.), cf. 636; ἐκ μηροῦ δόρυ ὦσε θύραζε forced it out from the thigh, Il. 5.694; τὸ ἱμάτιον ὦσαι εἰς τὸ στόμα stuff it into his mouth, Thphr. Char. 2.4: τὴν θύραν ὠθεῖ forces the door, Ar. V. 152, cf. Lys. 1.24; πύλας E. Or. 1562: sts. of other than human force, as of a stream, ὦσε δὲ νεκρούς Il. 21.235, cf. 241; of the wind, Νότος μέγα κῡμα ποτὶ . . ῥίον ὠθεῖ Od. 3.295; [ὁ ποταμὸς] ὠθεῖ κῦμα Metagen. 6.3; ὠ. κολόκυμα Ar. Eq. 692: metaph., ἀ δʼ ἀτέρα τὰν ἀτέραν κύλιξ ὠθήτω Alc. 41.
  • • 2 force back in battle, Il. 8.336, 13.193, etc.; ἄνδρας προτὶ ἄστυ 16.45; v. infr. II.
    • 3 thrust out, banish, ὠ. ἅπαντας τὸν ἀσεβῆ S. OT 1382; ἔξω δόμων τε καὶ πάτρας ὠθεῖν τινα A. Pr. 665; ἀπʼ οἴκων S. OT 241; ἐκ δόμων E. Andr. 344; ἔξω τινὰ φυγάδα Pl. R. 560d; σπονδῶν ἄπο, ἀπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν, E. Ba. 46, Aeschin. 2.86; ὠ. τινας ἀθάπτους S. Aj. 1307:—Pass., ὠθούμεθʼ ἔξω Id. Fr. 583.7.
    • 4 metaph., ὠ. τὰ πρήγματα push matters on, hurry them, Hdt. 3.81; ἐπιθυμία ὠθεῖ ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπολαύσεις Arist. VV 1250a24.
    • 5 abs., ὦσα παρέξ pushed off from land, Od. 9.488; ὤθει βιαίως E. Tr. 356, cf. X. HG 7.4.31; τὸ ὠθοῦν the motive power, Pl. Cra. 401d.
  • II Med., mostly in aor., thrust or push away from oneself, force back, esp. in battle, freq. in Il., ὄφρα τάχιστα ὤσαιτʼ Ἀργείους 5.691; τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι 12.420; ὤσασθαι προτὶ Ἴλιον, προτὶ ἄστυ, 8.295, 16.655; τὴν ἵππον ὤσαντο Hdt. 9.25, cf. 3.72, 6.37; ὤσασθαί τινας κατὰ βραχύ Th. 4.96; ὠσαμένων τὸ εὐώνυμον κέρας Id. 6.70, etc.; once in Trag., E. IT 326: of a horse, throw its rider, Thgn. 260 (s.v.l.).
  • • 2 intrans., push, press forward, Th. 4.11, 35, Plu. Ages. 32; ὠθεῖσθαι εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν X. HG 7.1.31; πρὸς τὴν πληγὴν ὁμόσε ὠθεῖσθαι Pl. Euthd. 294d; εἰς χεῖρας ὠθεῖσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Plu. Thes. 5.
  • III Pass., to be thrust, pushed, or forced, rush or fall violently, ἐπὶ κεφαλήν Hdt. (v. supr. Ι.1); πρὸς βίαν E. Hec. 406; βίᾳ Id. Med. 335, etc.; ἱδρῶτες ταχέως ὠθούμενοι Hp. Aph. 7.85.
  • • 2 Med., crowd, throng, jostle, X. Cyr. 3.3.64; ὠ. ὥσπερ ὕες Theoc. 15.73, cf. Arist. HA 572b25: impers. in Pass., ἐπὶ μέζον ὠθεῖται the crush gets worse, Herod. 4.54.

ὠθέω, imperf. ἐώθουν, Iterativform ὤθεσκε Od. 11.596, fut. ὠθήσω u. ὤσω, aor. ἔωσα, u. ep. ὤσασκε 11.599, perf. pass. ἔωσμαι u. aor. ἐώσθην, – stoßen, fortstoßen, drängen, treiben, übh. mit Gewalt und Anstrengung von der Stelle bringen ; Hom. oft ; so vom Sisyphus, σκηριπτόμενος χερσίν τε ποσίν τε λᾶαν ἄνω ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφον, Od. 11.596 ; ἂψ δʼ ἐς κουλεὸν ὦσε μέγα ξίφος Il. 1.220 ; ὦσε δʼ ἀφʼ ἵππων, er stieß ihn vom Wagen herunter, 5.19 u. öfter ; ὦσε δέ μιν σθένεϊ μεγάλῳ Il. 13.193, vgl. 15.694 ; und sonst, vom Drängen oder Verfolgen des Feindes ; ἐκ μηροῦ δόρυ ὦσε, er trieb, riß den Speer aus dem Schenkel, 5.694 ; τοῖσι δʼ ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν νέφος ἀχλύος ὦσεν Ἀθήνη, sie trieb ihnen die finstere Wolke von den Augen hinweg, 15.668 ; auch von der treibenden, fortreißenden Gewalt der Wellen, 21.235, 241, Od. 3.395 ; ὦσαι παρέξ, vom Lande abstoßen, absolut, 9.488 ; ἔξω δόμων τε καὶ πάτρας ὠθεῖν με Aesch. Prom. 668 ; οὓς νῦν σὺ ὠθεῖς ἀθάπτους Soph. Aj. 1286 ; ἀπʼ οἴκων O.R. 241, 819 ; Eur. oft ; ξίφος διά τινος Her. 3.78 ; ὦσαι ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ πῦρ, sich ins Feuer stürzen, 7.167 ; τὰ πρήγματα, wie wir sagen »treiben«, d.i. beschleunigen, 3.81 ; εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν ὠθεῖ ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου Plat. Rep. VIII.553b ; τὸ πλησίον ἐκ τῆς ἕδρας ὠθεῖ Tim. 79b, u. öfter ; ἄνω τινά Xen. Cyr. 3.2.5 ; ὠθεῖ με εἰς τὰς λιθοτομίας Dem. 53.17.
Pass. getrieben, gedrängt werden ; ὠθεῖσθαι ἐπὶ κεφαλήν, auf den Kopf gestellt od. kopfüber gestürzt werden, Her. 7.136 ; ὠθεῖσθαι εἴσω, sich hineindrängen ; ὠθούμενος καὶ βιαζόμενος Plat. Phil. 62c ; εἰς τοὺς ἀσεβεῖς ὠσθῆναι διὰ τὴν πονηρίαν τοῦ βίου Dem. 25.53 ; Sp.
Med. von sich stoßen, zurückdrängen, Hom. gew. im aor. ὤσασθαι, ὄφρα τάχιστα ὤσαιτʼ Ἀργείους Il. 5.691 ; ἐχώρησαν Τρῶες, ὤσαντο δʼ Ἀχαιοί 16.592 ; auch τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι, 12.420 ; vgl. noch Her. 8.3, 9.25 ; Thuc. 4.96 ; Xen. An. 3.4.48 ; ἐώσατο τοὺς πολεμίους Plut. Timol. 4 ; ὤσασθαι εἰς τὸ ξίφος, sich in sein Schwert stürzen, ὠθεῖσθαί τινι εἰς χεῖρας, Plut. Thes. 5.

ὠθέω

[ϝοθ-.]

3 sing. pa. iterative ὤθεσκε Od. 11.596. ὤσασκε Od. 11.599.

Aor. ὦσα Od. 9.488.

2 sing. ὦσας Il. 21.398.

3 sing. ἔωσε Il. 16.410. ὦσε Il. 1.220, Il. 2.744, Il. 5.19, Il. 11.143, Il. 13.193, Il. 16.863, Il. 17.618, Il. 20.461, Il. 21.235, etc. : Od. 22.20.

3 pl. ὦσαν Il. 4.535, Il. 5.626, Il. 8.336, Il. 13.148, Il. 16.569, Il. 17.274.

3 sing. subj. ὤσῃ Il. 13.138.

1 pl. opt. ὤσαιμεν Il. 16.45.

Infin. ὦσαι Il. 13.688.

Mid. 3 sing. aor. ὤσατο Il. 6.62.

1 pl. ὠσάμεθα Il. 8.295.

3 pl. ὤσαντο Il. 16.592.

3 sing. opt. ὤσαιτο Il. 5.691, Il. 16.655.

2 pl. ὤσαισθε Il. 11.803.

Infin. ὤσασθαι Il. 12.420, Il. 15.418.

(ἀν-, ἀπ-, δι-)

• • 1

    To thrust, push, force, shove : ἐς κουλεὸν ξίφος Il. 1.220, ὦσε δʼ ἀπὸ ῥινὸν λίθος (forced it aside) Il. 5.308, ὦσε νεκρούς (i.e. cleared his stream of them) Il. 21.235. Cf. Il. 13.138, Il. 14.494, Il. 15.668 (dispersed it), Il. 17.618 : Od. 3.295, Od. 11.596, 599, Od. 22.20.

    Of pushing an object by force applied from a position upon it : ὦσα [νῆα] παρέξ Od. 9.488.

    To thrust (a spear) Il. 21.398.

    With personal object : ὅτε φῆρας ἐκ πηλίου ὦσεν Il. 2.744, Ἕκτορα Ζεὺς ὦσεν ὄπισθε χειρί (pushed him forwards) Il. 15.694. Cf. Il. 5.19, Il. 16.410, 863, Il. 11.143, 320, Il. 20.461, 489.

    In mid. with such an object, to thrust back, repulse (a suppliant) : ἀπὸ ἕθεν ὤσατʼ Ἄδρηστον Il. 6.62.

  • 2

    To thrust or force back (a foe), cause (him) to give way or retreat : μέγαν ἑ ἐόντα [Ἕκτορʼ] ὦσαν ἀπὸ σφείων Il. 4.535= Il. 5.626= Il. 13.148, ἰθὺς τάφροιο ὦσαν Ἀχαιούς Il. 8.336. Cf. Il. 13.193, 688, Il. 16.45, 569= Il. 17.274, Il. 21.241.

    In mid. : ὄφρʼ ὤσαιτʼ Ἀργείους Il. 5.691. Cf. Il. 8.295, Il. 11.803, Il. 12.420, Il. 15.418, Il. 16.592, 655.

  • 3

    To pull, draw : ἔκ οἱ μηροῦ δόρυ ὦσεν Il. 5.694. Cf. Il. 5.854.

    With personal object : σθένελον ἀφʼ ἵππων ὦσε χείρʼ ἐρύσασα Il. 5.835.

ὠθέω

• 1shove ἀπὸ μὲν λευκὸν γάλα ὤθεον (v. ἀπωθέω) fr. 166. 4.

ὠθέω , ὠθεῖ, ipf. ὤθει, iter. ὤθεσκε, aor. ὦσα, ἔωσε (Il. 16.410), iter. ὤσασκε, mid. aor. ὠσάμην: thrust, push, shove; mid., thrust oneself, i. e. ‘press forward,’ Il. 16.592; force, drive, from or for oneself, Il. 5.691, Il. 8.295; w. gen., τείχεος, ‘from’ the wall, Il. 12.420.

ὠθέω

• • Ito thrust, push, shove, force onwards or away, λᾶαν ἄνω ὤθεσκε he kept pushing it upwards, Od.; ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν νέφος ὦσεν Ἀθήνη Il.; ἐκ μηροῦ δόρυ ὦσε he forced the spear from the thigh, Il.; ὦσαί τινα ἀφʼ ἵππων Il.; ὦσαι ἑαυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ to rush into the fire, Hdt.; so, ὠθ. τινὰ ἐπὶ κεφαλήν to throw him headlong down, Plat.; κατὰ πετρῶν Eur.; ὦσαι τὴν θύραν to force the door, Ar.
  • • 2to push or force back in battle, Il.
    • 3to thrust out, banish, Trag.; ὦσαί τινα φυγάδα Plat.; ὠθ. τινα ἄθαπτον Soph.
    • 4metaph., ὠθ. τὰ πρήγματα to push matters on, hurry them, Hdt.
    • 5absol., ὦσα παρέξ pushed off from land, Od.; ὤθει βιαίως Eur.
  • IIMid., mostly in aor1, to thrust or push from oneself, push or force back, repulse, esp. in battle, τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι Il.; ὤσασθαι προτὶ Ἴλιον, προτὶ ἄστυ Il.; ὤσασθαι τὴν ἵππον Hdt.; ὠσαμένων τὸ κέρας Thuc.
  • IIIPass. to be thrust on, to fall violently, ἐπὶ κεφαλήν Hdt.; πρὸς βίαν Eur.
  • • 2to force oneʼs way, Xen., Plat.: to crowd on, throng, like ὠστίζομαι, Xen.