Dido
- the celebrated foundress of Carthage, daughter of the Tyrian king Belus, wife of Sichaeus, and sister of Pygmalion; called also Elisa or Elissa.—Nom. Dido, Verg. A. 1, 299; 340; 360 et saep.; Ov. Am. 2, 18, 25; id. F. 3, 545; 640.—Gen. Dīdōnis, Just. 11, 10, 13; Aug. Conf. 1, 13; Macr. Sat. 4, 3, 6 al.: Dīdūs, Cornutus ap. Charis. p. 102 P.—Dat. Dīdō, Macr. Sat. 5, 2, 14 (dub. al. Didoni): Dīdōni, Tert. Anim. 33.—Acc. Dīdō, Verg. A. 4, 383; Ov. H. 7, 7; 133 (in both passages several MSS. read Didon); Vell. 1, 6, 2: Didonem, Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 27, 1; August. Conf. 1, 13: Dīdūn, Atteius ap. Charis. l. l.—Abl. Dīdōne, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 685 P.; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 223 (cf. Neue Formenl. 1, 352).
Grausamkeit ihres Bruders Pygmalion nach Afrika, baute Karthago u. nahm den Äneas hier auf, Verg. Aen. 1, 299 u. s.: Genet. Didus, Anthol. Lat. 1. no. I, 9. p. 2 Riese. Cornutus b. Charis. 127, 21 (vgl. Charis. 64, 17): Dat. Dido, Macr. sat. 5, 2, 14 (wo aber wohl Didoni zu schreiben ist): Akk. Dido, Verg. Aen. 4, 383. Vell. 1, 6, 4. Tac. ann. 16, 1. Sil. 8, 230: Didon, Ov. her. 7, 7 u. 131 R.: Didun, Attei. b. Charis. 127, 18. – Genet. Didonis, Iustin. 11, 10, 13. Treb. Poll. XXX tyr. 30, 2. Augustin. conf. 1, 13. Macr. sat. 4, 3, 6. Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 6 u.a.: Dat. Didoni, Tert. de anim. 33: Akk. Didonem, Treb. Poll. trig. tyr. 27, 1. Augustin. conf. 1, 13. Macr. sat. 4, 3, 6. Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 37 u.a.: Abl. Didone, Enn. ann. 290. Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 223. Vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 1, 525 u. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 214.
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…tardis mora noctibus obstet. Ingeminant plausu Tyrii, Troesque sequuntur. Nec non et vario noctem sermone trahebat infelix Dido, longumque bibebat amorem, multa super Priamo rogitans, super Hectore multa ; nunc quibus Aurorae venisset filius armis…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…eruitur, ut apud Vergilium non licuit thalami expertem sine crimine vitam Degere more ferae quamquam enim de matrimonio queritur Dido, tamen huc erumpit eius adfectus, ut sine thalamis vitam non hominum putet, sed ferarum. aliud apud…
Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria
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…Dardanio Aeneae miranda videntur, dum stupet, obtutuque haeret defixus in uno, regina ad templum, forma pulcherrima Dido, incessit magna iuvenum stipante caterva. Qualis in Eurotae ripis aut per iuga Cynthi exercet Diana choros, quam…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…acris equi ; sic nam fore bello egregiam et facilem victu per saecula gentem. Hic templum Iunoni ingens Sidonia Dido condebat, donis opulentum et numine divae, aerea cui gradibus surgebant limina, nexaeque aere trabes, foribus cardo…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…dextra colit. Si tu cultor eras elapsis igne futurus, Paenitet elapsos ignibus esse deos. Forsitan et gravidam Dido, scelerate, relinquas, Parsque tui lateat corpore clausa meo. Accedet fatis matris miserabilis infans, Et nondum…
Ovid, Epistulae
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…, quis eam tibi tradet habendam Quis sua non notis arva tenenda dabit Scilicet alter amor tibi restat et altera Dido ; Quamque iterum fallas altera danda fides. Quando erit, ut condas instar Carthaginis urbem Et videas populos altus…
Ovid, Epistulae
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…Vixisset Phyllis, si me foret usa magistro, Et per quod novies, saepius isset iter ; Nec moriens Dido summa vidisset ab arce Dardanias vento vela dedisse rates ; Nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem, Quae socii…
Ovid, Remedia Amoris
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…Maia genitum demittit ab alto, ut terrae, utque novae pateant Karthaginis arces hospitio Teucris, ne fati nescia Dido finibus arceret volat ille per aera magnum remigio alarum, ac Libyae citus adstitit oris. Et iam iussa facit…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…labor nunc qua ratione, quod instat confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo. Venatum Aeneas unaque miserrima Dido in nemus ire parant, ubi primos crastinus ortus extulerit Titan, radiisque retexerit orbem. His ego nigrantem commixta…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…pueroque puer dilectus Iulo. Extremus, formaque ante omnis pulcher, Iulus Sidonio est invectus equo, quem candida Dido esse sui dederat monumentum et pignus amoris. Cetera Trinacrii pubes senioris Acestae fertur equis. Excipiunt plausu pavidos ,…
Vergil, Aeneid
(Διδώ), also called Elissa, the reputed founder of Carthage. She was a daughter of a Tyrian king, Belus, Agenor, or Mutgo, and sister of Pygmalion, who succeeded to the crown after the death of his father. Dido was married to her wealthy uncle, Acerbas or Sichaeus, who was murdered by Pygmalion. Upon this, Dido secretly sailed from Tyre with his treasures, accompanied by some noble Tyrians, and passed over to Africa. Here she purchased as much land as might be enclosed with the hide of a bull, but she ordered the hide to be cut up into the thinnest possible strips, and with them she surrounded a spot on which she built a citadel called Byrsa (from βύρσα, “bull's-hide”). Around this fort the city of Carthage arose and soon became a powerful and flourishing place. The neighbouring king, Hiarbas, jealous of the prosperity of the new city, demanded the hand of Dido in marriage, threatening Carthage with war in case of refusal. Dido had vowed eternal fidelity to her late husband; but seeing that the Carthaginians expected her to comply with the demands of Hiarbas, she pretended to yield to their wishes, and under pretence of soothing the manes of Acerbas by expiatory sacrifices she erected a funeral pile, on which she stabbed herself in presence of her people. After her death she was worshipped by the Carthaginians as a divinity. Vergil has inserted in his Aeneid the legend of Dido, with various modifications. According to the common chronology, there was an interval of more than 300 years between the capture of Troy (B.C. 1184) and the foundation of Carthage (B.C. 853); but Vergil, nevertheless, makes Dido a contemporary of Aeneas, with whom she falls in love on his arrival in Africa. When Aeneas hastened to seek the new home which the gods had promised him, Dido, in despair, destroyed herself on a funeral pile. She was worshipped at Carthage and may be identified with Iuno Caelestis, the Roman representative of the Phoenician Astarté. See Verg. Aen.bks. i.-iv. and vi.; and the article Aeneas.