aio

āiō, 4, def.: to speak; to say “yes”; say, 1.142, et al.; sometimes pleonastic after fārī, etc., 5.551. (If the i in this verb is followed by a consonant, the a is short; as aīs, aīt; otherwise i coalesces with the following vowel; as āiō, pronounced ā-yō.)

āio, verb. defect. The forms in use are: pres. indic. āio, ăis, ait—aiunt; subj. aias, aiat—aiant; imperf. indic. throughout, aiebam, aiebas, etc.; imper. ai, rare; part. pres. aiens, rare; once in Ap. Met. 6, 13, 17 Elm.; and once as P. a. in Cic. Top. 11, 49, v. below. Cic. wrote the pres. aiio, acc. to Quint. 1, 4, 11.—From ais with the interrog. part. ne, ain is used in colloquial language. For imperf. also aibas, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 28 (429); Ter. Ad. 561: aibat, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 33 (875); 5, 2, 16 (1140): aibant, id. ib. 1, 2, 175 (213); 4, 2, 102 (944); Ter. And. 535; ai is dissyl., but in the imper. also monosyl., Plaut. Truc. 5, 49 (941); cf. Bentl. ad Ter. Ad. 717. Acc. to Prisc. 818 P., the pres. ait seems to take the place of a perf., but acc. to Val. Prob. 1482 P., there was a real perf. ai, aisti, ait; as aisti, Aug. Ep. 54 and 174: aierunt, Tert. Fuga in Persec. 6; the pres. inf. aiere is found in Aug. Trin. 9, 10 [cf. ἠμί = I say; Sanscr. perf. 3d sing. āha = he spake; adagium, adagio; negare for neigare; Umbr. aitu = dicito; Engl. aye = yea, yes, and Germ. ja], to say yes, to assent (opp. nego, to say no; with the ending -tumo, aiutumo; contract. autumo; opp. negumo; v. autumo).

• I In gen.: vel ai vel nega, Naev. ap. Prisc. 473 P.: veltu mihi aias vel neges, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 14 (427): negat quis? nego. Ait? aio, Ter. Eun. 252: Diogenes ait, Antipater negat, Cic. Off. 3, 23: quasi ego id curem, quid ille aiat aut neget, id. Fin. 2, 22; so id. Rab. Post. 12, 34.—
• II Esp.
• • A To say, affirm, or assert something (while dicere signifies to speak in order to inform, and affirmare, to speak in affirmation, Doed. Syn. 4, 6 sq.—Therefore different from inquam, I say, I reply, since aio is commonly used in indirect, and inquam in direct discourse; cf. Doed. as cited above; Herz. ad Sall. C. 48, 3; and Ramsh. Gr. 800).
  • • • a In indirect discourse: insanam autem illam (sc. esse) aiunt, quia, etc., Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36; Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 3 (71): Ch. Hodie uxorem ducis? Pa. Aiunt, they say so, id. ib. 2, 1, 21 (215): ait hac laetitiā Deiotarum elatum vino se obruisse, Cic. Deiot. 9: debere eum aiebat, etc., id. Verr. 2, 1, 18: Tarquinium a Cicerone immissum aiebant, Sall. C. 48, 8: Vos sapere et solos aio bene vivere, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 45; id. S. 1, 2, 121; id. Ep. 1, 1, 88; 1, 7, 22.—
      • b In direct discourse: Ennio delector, ait quispiam, quod non discedit a communi more verborum; Pacuvio, inquit alius, Cic. Or. 11, 36: Vos o, quibus integer aevi Sanguis, ait, solidaeque, etc., Verg. A. 2, 639; 6, 630; 7, 121; 12, 156: O fortunati mercatores! gravis annis Miles ait, Hor. S. 1, 1, 4; id. Ep. 1, 15, 40; 1, 16, 47; id. S. 2, 7, 72; 1, 3, 22.—
      • c With acc.: Causa optumast, Nisi quid pater ait aliud, Ter. And. 950: Admirans ait haec, Cat. 53, 4; 63, 84: Haec ait, Verg. A. 1, 297; v. B.—
  • B Simply to speak, and esp. in the form of transition, sic ait, thus he speaks or says (cf. the Hom. ὣς φάτο): Sic ait, et dicto citius tumida aequora placat, Verg. A. 1, 142; 5, 365; 9, 749.— Also of what follows: Sic ait in molli fixa toro cubitum: “Tandem,” etc., Prop. 1, 3, 34.—
  • C Ut ait quispiam (regularly in this order in Cic.), in quoting an unusual expression, as one says: ut ait Statius noster in Synephebis, Sen. 7, 25: ut ait Homerus, id. ib. 10, 31: ut ait Theophrastus, id. Tusc. 1, 19, 45: ut ait Thucydides, Nep. Them. 2: ut ait Cicero, Quint. 7, 1, 51; 8, 6, 73; 9, 4, 40; 9, 56, 60: ut Cicero ait, id. 10, 7, 14; 12, 3, 11: ut Demosthenes ait, id. 11, 1, 22: ut rumor ait, Prop. 5, 4, 47: uti mos vester ait, Hor. S. 2, 7, 79.—So without def. subject: ut ait in Synephebis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31.—
  • D Aiunt, ut aiunt, quemadmodum or quod aiunt, in quoting a proverbial or technical phrase, as they say, as is said, as the saying is (Gr. τὸ λεγόμενον, ὥς φασι; Fr. on dit; Germ. man sagt), either placed after it or interposed: eum rem fidemque perdere aiunt, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 18 (504): ut quimus, aiunt; quando, ut volumus, non licet, Ter. And. 805: docebo sus, ut aiunt, oratorem eum, Cic. de Or. 2, 57: Iste claudus, quemadmodum aiunt, pilam, id. Pis. 28 B. and K. —Also in telling an anecdote: conspexit, ut aiunt, Adrasum quendam vacuā tonsoris in umbrā, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 49; 1, 17, 18.—
  • E In judic. lang.: ait lex, ait praetor, etc., the law, the praetor says, i. e. prescribes, commands: ut ait lex Julia, Dig. 24, 3, 64: Praetor ait, in eadem causā eum exhibere, etc., ib. 2, 9, 1: Aiunt aediles, qui mancipia vendunt, etc., ib. 21, 1, 1: Ait oratio, fas esse eum, etc., ib. 24, 1, 32 al.—
• F Ain? = aisne? also often strengthened: ain tu? ain tute? ain tandem? ain vero? in conversational lang., a form of interrogation which includes the idea of surprise or wonder, sometimes also of reproof or sorrow, do you really mean so? indeed? really? is it possible? often only an emphatic what? Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 73 (509): Merc. Servus esne an liber? Sos. Utcumque animo conlibitumst meo. Merc. Ain vero? Sos. Aio enim vero, id. ib. 3, 4, 188 (624); id. Am. 1, 1, 128 (280): Phil. Pater, inquam, aderit jam hic meus. Call. Ain tu, pater? id. Most. 2, 1, 36 (383); id. Ep. 5, 2, 33 (698); id. Aul. 2, 2, 9 (186); id. Curc. 2, 3, 44 (323); Ter. Hec. 415; id. Eun. 567 al: Ain tu? Scipio hic Metellus proavum suum nescit censorem non fuisse? Cic. Att. 6, 1; 4, 5 al.: ain tute, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 90 (184): ain tandem ita esse, ut dicis? id. Aul. 2, 4, 19 (298); so id. As. 5, 2, 47 (897); id. Trin. 4, 2, 145 (987); Ter. And. 875: ain tandem? insanire tibi videris, quod, etc., Cic. Fam. 9, 21 Manut.; id. Att. 6, 2.—Also with a plur. verb (cf. age with plur. verb, s. v. ago, IV. a.): ain tandem? inquit, num castra vallata non habetis? Liv. 10, 25.—
• G Quid ais? (as in conversation).—
• • • • a With the idea of surprise, astonishment, Τί λέγεις (cf. Quid dixisti? Ter. And. 593; id. Eun. 1017, Τί εἶπας); what do you say? what? Merc. Quis herus est igitur tibi? Sos. Amphitruo, quicum nuptast Alcumena. Merc. Quid ais? Quid nomen tibist? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 208 (360); so Ter. And. 666; id. Heaut. 900.—
      • b When one asks another for his meaning, opinion, or judgment, what do you mean? what do you say or think? Th. Ita me di ament, honestust. Pa. Quid tu ais, Gnatho? Num quid habes, quod contemnas? Quid tu autem, Thraso? Ter. Eun. 474: Hunc ais? Do you mean this man? (= dicis, q. v., II.) Pers. 4, 27.—
      • c When one wishes to try or prove another, what is your opinion? what do you say? Sed quid ais? quid Amphitruoni [dono] a Telebois datumst? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 262 (414).—Hence, * āiens, entis, P. a., affirming, affirmative (usu. affirmativus): negantia contraria aientibus, Cic. Top. 11, 49.

āio, Verb. defect. (vgl. griech. ἦ, er sprach, ἠμί, ich spreche, altind. āha, er sprach), I) ja sagen, bejahen, behaupten (Ggstz. negare), vel ai vel nega, Naev. com. fr.: vel tu mihi aias vel neges, Plaut.: negat quis, nego: ait, aio, Ter. – II) ja sagend, behauptend sprechen, sagen, versichern, behaupten, bes. als Anführungsformel der Behauptung eines andern in indirekter (wie inquit in direkter) Rede, doch auch in direkter Rede (namentl. in der Formel ut [wie] ait od. aiunt), gew. der Rede eingeflochten, doch auch (bes. mit einer Partikel wie sic) vorangestellt, Komik., Cic. u.a.: sunt, qui aiant mit folg. Acc. u. Infin., Apul. flor. 15. p. 18, 6 Kr.: m. Dat. pers. (zu), hic erit locus, Magoni fratri ait, quem teneas, Liv. 21, 54, 2: bei Anführung einer sprichw. Redensart (ut aiunt, wie das Sprichwort sagt; aiunt, sagt das Sprichwort, s. Spengel Ter. Andr. 805), docebo sus, ut aiunt, oratorem, Cic.: iste claudus, aiunt, pilam, Cic.: einer Stelle aus einem Schriftsteller, ut ait poëta, Col.: ut ait orator, Lact. (s. Bünem. Lact. 1, 9, 3): eines Gesetzes, (ut) ait lex, (wie) das Gesetz sagt, will, Ulp. dig. – u. in den Redensarten der Umgangsspr.: a) quid ais? α) verwundert, was sagst du? ist's möglich? so? das wäre! Komik. – β) um einen zum Reden zu bringen, was sagst du? od. was meinst du? od. hör einmal! Komik. Vgl. Brix Plaut. trin. 193. Ussing Plaut. Amph. 414. – b) ain st. aisne, meinst du? ist's dein Ernst? behauptest du das wirklich? ist's möglich? Plaut.: dafür auch ain tu? Komik. u. Cic. (s. Sorof Cic. de or. 1, 165); u. bei einer stärkern Verwunderung, ain vero? Komik., od. ain tandem? Komik., Cic. u.a. (s. Spengel Ter. Andr. 875). – ➳ In formeller Hinsicht ist zu bemerken, daß das Wort aio in der ältern Latinität nur im Präsens, u. zwar nur in den Indikativformen aio, ais, mit ne in ain verkürzt, ait, aiunt, in den Konjunktivformen aias, aiat, aiant, selten im Imperat. ai, wie Naev. com. 125 (nicht mehr Plaut. truc. 941), und Partiz. aiens, wie Apul. met. 6, 13 extr. (u. als Adj., s. oben aiens bes.), vorkommt, dagegen das Imperf. aiebam etc. vollständig hat. Die ursprüngliche Länge der ersten Silbe beweist Ciceros alte Schreibweise aiio, s. Quint. 1, 4, 11, u. die Doppelkraft des i übh., wie in aio u. in aiunt etc., zB. bei Enn. ann. 186, jedoch trat in ais, ait die Kürzung der ersten Silbe ein. Das Imperf. aiebam etc. wird bei den ältern Dichtern oft in aībam etc. zusammengez., wie bei Acc. tr. 389. Plaut. trin. 428. Ter. Andr. 534 u. Phorm. 480 (vgl. Brix Krit. Anh. zu Plaut. trin. 944. Schmilinsky de propr. serm. Plaut. p. 25. Spengel Plaut. Kritik S. 205. A.*). Den Infin. aiere hat Augustin. trinit. 9, 10. Die Form aitis führt Alcuin. 2118 P., die Perfektform ai, aisti, ait führt Prob. cath. 35, 31 ohne Belege an, jedoch findet sich aisti b. Augustin, ep. 73, 9; 153, 22 u. 238, 6: aierunt bei Tert. de fuga in persecut. 6. Der Konj. Imperf. aieret steht Greg. Tur. de mirac. S. Martini 3, 32. Vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ Bd. 3. S. 633 u. 634.

aio [CL] , I say. tunc ait audacter depromens fata futura / ‥ Aldh. VirgV 1559; at ego aperiens oculos aio: “etiam” Bede HE V 6; aiens eum petiisse Romam Herm. Arch. 25; bellum, ut aiebat, adversus eum promoturus abscessit G. Steph. I 9; quidam aiunt utrumque verbum ‥ necessarium Gir. GE I 8; inter se deliberantes Persone aierunt: “faciamus hominem” Eul. Hist. I 11.

ăiō, (6) ais, (rac. *ag-jō, cf. ἠμί, ἦ) verbe défectif ¶ 1 dire oui : Diogenes ait, Antipater negat Cic. Off. 3, 91, Diogène dit oui, Antipater dit non, cf. Ter. Eun. 252 ¶ 2 dire, affirmer, soutenir [a pour compl. soit un pronom neutre] quid ait ? se daturum... Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 117, que dit-il ? quʼil donnera... ; [soit les mots mêmes que lʼon cite]: pro « deum » « deorum » aiunt Cic. Or. 155, au lieu de deum ils disent deorum ; nam quod aiunt « minima de malis » Cic. Off. 3, 105, quant à leur maxime « de deux maux choisir le moindre »...; [alors ait est souvent intercalé ou mis après la citation] : Ennio delector, ait quispiam, quod Cic. Or. 36, cʼest Ennius que jʼaime, dit qqn, parce que...; « duc age, duc ad nos ; fas illi limina divum tangere » ait Virg. G. 4, 359, « eh bien ! amène-le, amène-le vers moi ; il a droit de fouler le seuil des dieux », dit-elle || [soit suivi dʼune prop. inf.] : aiunt hominem respondisse... Cic. Amer. 33, on affirme que cet homme répondit...; [esse souvent s.-ent.] (Pherecratem quemdam) quem ait a Deucalione ortum Cic. Tusc. 1, 21, (un certain Phérécrate) quʼil fait descendre de Deucalion || [à noter] : vir bonus ait esse paratus Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 22, lʼhomme de sens se déclare prêt..., cf. Catul. 4, 2 || [tour le plus fréquent, ut ait (ut aiunt) intercalé] : se Massiliam, ut aiunt, conferet Cic. Cat. 2, 14, il se retirera, dʼaprès le bruit qui court, à Marseille ; ut ait Homerus Cic. CM 31, comme dit Homère, selon lʼexpression dʼHomère ; sicut ait Ennius Cic. Rep. 1, 64, comme dit Ennius || [dans les expr. proverbiales] : ut aiunt, quod aiunt, quemadmodum aiunt, comme dit le proverbe, suivant lʼexpression proverbiale : Cic. Cat. 1, 15 ; Læl. 19 ; CM 21 ; Fam. 7, 25, 2 ; Pis. 69 ; sedere compressis, quod aiunt, manibus Liv. 7, 13, 7, rester, comme on dit, les bras croisés || [rarement avec le datif] : Datami venienti ait se animadvertisse Nep. Dat. 11, 4, à Datame qui arrivait il dit quʼil avait remarqué..., cf. Eum. 11, 3 ; Ov. M. 3, 289, etc. ; Sen. Ep. 12, 1, etc. ¶ 3 ain : ain pro aisne Cic. Or. 154, ain est pour aisne [ Don. Andr. 875 ]; [suivi le plus souvent dʼun point dʼinterrogation] : vraiment ? Pl. Capt. 551, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 510 ; ain vero ? Pl. Amph. 344 ; Ter. Eun. 803 ; ain tandem ? Pl. Truc. 608 ; Ter. Andr. 875 ; Cic. Planc. 49 ; ain tu ? Pl. Amph. 1098 ; Ter. Eun. 392, etc.; Cic. de Or. 1, 165 ; Br. 152, etc.

➳ formes usitées : aio, ais, ait ; subj. aiam, aias, aiat, aiant ; impér. ai Næv. Com. 125 ; impf. sync. aibam, etc. Pl. , Ter.  ; subj. impf. aieret [décad.]; inf. aiere Aug. Trin. 9, 10 ; décad.; pf. aisti Ov. H. 11, 59 ; Aug. Ep. 73, 9, etc. ; aierunt Tert. Fug. 6.

aio , is, it, iunt, isti.
言。曰。Aiens, tis, part.

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āiō v. defect.

• for * ag-io, AG-; in use, praes.ind.āiō, aïs, aït, āiunt; subj.āias, āiat; imperf.āiēbam throughout, colloq., aibam (disyl.); part.āiēns (C.twice), to say yes, assent, affirm: negat quis? nego: ait? aio, if one says no, I say no; if yes, I say yes, T.: Diogenes ait, Antipater negat: ut quibus creditam non sit negantibus, isdem credatur aientibus: ne faciam Omnino versūs? aio, I say so, H.—In gen., to assert, affirm, aver, say, tell, relate: crimen ais te metuisse: Tarquinium a Cicerone inmissum aiebant, S.: nescio quid velle loqui te aiebas mecum, you were saying, H.: quem secum aiunt portare Penatīs, they say, V.: a me deceptos ait Hirtium et Caesarem (sc. esse).—With attraction: vir bonus ait esse paratus, H.: ‘hunccine,’ aiebat, ‘quem,’etc., L.: ‘loris non uteris,’ aio, H.: ‘O te felicem,’ aiebam tacitus, said to myself, H.: secum ait, O.: Talia dicenti, ‘tibi’ ait ‘revocamina’ corvus ‘Sint precor,’O.: Causa optumast, nisi quid pater ait aliud, T.: Haec ait, V.: Sic ait, et dicto citius tumida aequora placat, V.: vita vitalis, ut ait Ennius, to adopt the phrase of: uti mos vester ais, H.: ut ait in Synephebis, as(the author) says.—Aiunt, ut aiunt, quem ad modum or quod aiunt, in quoting a current phrase, as they say, as is said, as the saying is: ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet, T.: se Massiliam, ut aiunt, non in haec castra conferet: Iste claudus, quem ad modum aiunt, pilam: conspexit, ut aiunt, Adrasum quendam vacuā tonsoris in umbrā, H.: ain tu? (for aisne) ain tute? ain tandem? ain vero? a colloq. phrase, expressing surprise, do you really mean? indeed? really? is it possible?often only an emphatic what?Ain tu tibi hoc incommodum evenisse iter? T.: ain tandem? inquit, num castra vallata non habetis?L.: Hem, quid ais, scelus?what do you mean?T.: Quid tu ais, Gnatho? num quid habes quod contemnas?what say you?T.