comes

cŏm-ĕs, ĭtis, comm. [con and 1. eo] (lit. one who goes with another), a companion, an associate, comrade, partaker, sharer, partner, etc. (whether male or female; class. and freq.).

• I In gen.
• • • • a Masc.: age, age, argentum numera, ne comites morer, Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 25 (631): confugere domum sine comite, Ter. Hec. 823: comes meus fuit, et omnium itinerum meorum socius, Cic. Fam. 13, 71: erat comes ejus Rubrius, id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 64: cui tu me comitem putas esse, id. Att. 8, 7, 1: ibimus, o socii comitesque, Hor. C. 1, 7, 26; Lucr. 3, 1037; 4, 575: Catulli, Cat. 11, 1: Pisonis, id. 28, 1; Nep. Ages. 6, 3: quin et avo comitem sese Mavortius addet Romulus, Verg. A. 6, 778; cf.: comes ire alicui, id. ib. 6, 159: comitem aliquem mittere alicui, id. ib. 2, 86: comes esse alicui, Ov. H. 14, 54 et saep. —
      • • β With gen. or dat. of thing: cum se victoriae Pompeii comitem esse mallet quam, etc., Caes. B. C. 3, 80: comitem illius furoris, Cic. Lael. 11, 37: me tuarum actionum, sententiarum, etc., socium comitemque habebis, id. Fam. 1, 9, 22: mortis et funeris atri, Lucr. 2, 581: tantae virtutis, Liv. 22, 60, 12: exsilii, Mart. 12, 25: fugae, Vell. 2, 53; Liv. 1, 3, 2; Cic. Att. 9, 10, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 6: me habuisti comitem consiliis tuis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15 (17).—With in: comes in ulciscendis quibusdam, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 2.—
      • b Fem., Ter. Eun. 345; Lucr. 5, 741: data sum comes inculpata Minervae, Ov. M. 2, 588; cf. id. H. 3, 10: me tibi venturam comitem, id. ib. 13, 163; Verg. A. 4, 677; 6, 448.—
  • B Transf. to inanimate objects: malis erat angor Assidue comes, Lucr. 6, 1159: comes formidinis, aura, id. 3, 290: ploratus mortis comites, id. 2, 580: tunc vitae socia virtus, mortis comes gloria fuisset, Cic. Font. 21, 49 (17, 39): multarum deliciarum comes est extrema saltatio, id. Mur. 6, 13: pacis est comes, otiique socia eloquentia, id. Brut. 12, 45; cf. an idea (perh. intentionally) opp. to this, Tac. Or. 40: non ut ullam artem doctrinamve contemneres, sed ut omnis comites ac ministratrices oratoris esse diceres, Cic. de Or. 1, 17, 75: cui ipsi casus eventusque rerum non duces sed comites consiliorum fuerunt, id. Balb. 4, 9: exanimatio. quas comes pavoris, id. Tusc. 4, 8, 19: (grammatice) dulcis secretorum comes, Quint. 1, 4, 5: (cura) comes atra premit sequiturque fugacem, Hor. S. 2, 7, 115: culpam poena premit comes, id. C. 4, 5, 24: nec (fides) comitem abnegat, id. ib. 1, 35, 22: comitemque aeris alieni atque litis esse miseriam, Orac. ap. Plin. 7, 32, 32, § 119.—
• II In partic.
• • A An overseer, tutor, teacher, etc., of young persons (rare; not ante-Aug.), Verg. A. 2, 86; 5, 546; Suet. Tib. 12; Stat. S. 5, 2, 60.— Esp. = paedagogus, a slave who accompanied boys as a protector, Suet. Aug. 98; id. Claud. 35.—Far more freq.,
  • B The suite, retinue of friends, relatives, scholars, noble youth, etc., which accompanied magistrates into the provinces, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 27 sq; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11; Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2; Suet. Caes. 42; id. Ner. 5; id. Gram. 10.—
  • C The attendants of distinguished private individuals, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 76; 1, 17, 52; id. S. 1, 6, 102; Suet. Caes. 4.—Trop.: (Cicero) in libris de Republica Platonis se comitem profitetur, Plin. praef. § 22.—
  • D After the time of the emperors, the imperial train, the courtiers, court, Suet. Aug. 16; 98; id. Tib. 46; id. Calig. 45; id. Vit. 11; id. Vesp. 4; Inscr. Orell. 723; 750 al.—Hence,
  • E In late Lat., a designation for the occupant of any state office, as, comes scholarum, rei militaris, aerarii utriusque, commerciorum (hence, Ital. conte; Fr. comte).

comes, itis, c. (com u. eo; vgl. coëo, comitium), der Mitgänger, der Begleiter, die Begleiterin, a) übh.: c. Antonii, Cic.: c. Herculis, Suet.: Cyri, Frontin.: c. tuus, Cic.: comite Agrippā, Suet.: T. Agusius comes meus fuit illo miserrimo tempore, Cic.: age age, absolve me, ne comites morer, Plaut. – comes fugae, Cic.: exsilii, Vell. u. Mart.: c. victoriae, Caes. – in studiis c. et in lusibus, Ps. Quint. decl.: esse comitem alcis, Cic., u. alci, Ov. – dare (alci) comitem, Curt.: alqm od. se comitem alci addere, Liv. u. Verg.: alqm comitem alci adiungere, Cic.: comites de suis adiungere alci, Nep.: se comitem fugae alcis adiungere, Cic.: aggregare alqm alci comitem (v. Zufall), Vell.: alqm comitem habere, Cic.: alqm od. alqam (zB. uxorem) comitem fugae habere, Sen. poët. u. Vell.: u. alqm rerum omnium socium comitemque habere, Cic.: alqm comitem habere consiliis suis, Plaut.: praebere se alci comitem in inimicis ulciscendis, Cic.: non praebere se comitem illius furoris, sed ducem, Cic.: comitem negare (verst. se), nicht mitgehen wollen, Ov.: si nemo tantae virtutis exstitisset comes, Liv. – v. lebl. Subjj., luna, c. in nostras officiosa vias, Ov.: eloquentia pacis comes otiique socia, Cic.: mortis comes gloria, Cic.: invidia gloriae comes, Nep.: eminentis fortunae comes invidia, Vell.: grammatice dulcis secretorum c., Quint.: ira et metus et reliqui motus animi, comites superiorum, Cic.: hāc igitur conscientiā comite proficiscar, Cic. – b) insbes.: α) der Begleiter = Führer eines Knaben, gew. verb. custos comesque alcis, Verg.: comes et rector alcis, Suet.: puero (Alexandro) comes et custos salutis datus (v. Arzt Philippus), Curt. – β) der Begleiter, einer aus dem Gefolge, im Plur. die Begleiter = das Gefolge (vgl. cohors no. II, B, 2, b), sowohl der Magistrate, bes. des Prätors in der Provinz (Unterbeamte [Präfekten, Schreiber, Herolde, Ärzte, Haruspices], junge Vornehme, Freunde, Schmarotzer, Klienten, Freigelassene, s. Ernesti Exc. XV zu Suet. Tib. 46. Ruhnken Suet. Caes. 42), comites omnes magistratuum, Cic.: comites eius (Verris), Cic.: comites et adiutores negotiorum publicorum, Cic.: comites illi tui delecti, Cic.: senatoris filius contubernalis aut comes magistratus, Suet.: comes scribaque Neronis, Hor.: Pompeii libertus et paene omnium expeditionum comes, Suet.: comitum coetus, Catull.: quorum comes in provincia fuit, Suet. – als auch in der august. Zeit vornehmer Privatleute auf Ausflügen u. Reisen (bes. Schmarotzer; vgl. Schmid Hor. ep. 1, 7, 76. Bremi Suet. Tib. 46), ducendus et unus et comes alter, uti ne solus rusve peregreve exirem, Hor.: comites servosque ceteros dimiserat, Suet. – als auch (zur Kaiserzeit) des Kaisers (zuw. in Rangklassen geteilt, s. Suet. Tib. 46), servus Aemilii Pauli comitis eius, Suet.: inter comites Neronis, Suet.: comites a se removere, Suet. – dah. in spät. Kaiserzeit comes als Bezeichnung für den Inhaber irgend eines Hof- od. Staatsamts, zB. der c. stabuli, Oberstallmeister, Cod. Theod. 11, 18, 1. Greg. Tur. hist. Franc. 3, 32: comes (als General) rei castrensi praefuit per Africam, Amm. 30, 7, 3. Vgl. Seeck in Pauly-Wissowa Realenz. IV, 622 ff.

1 comes [CL] 1 companion; b (abstr.). sex igitur comites mecum super aethera scandunt Aldh. Aen. 81 (Lucifer) 9; ~es itineris illi et cooperator verbi extiterat Bede HE III 30; 9‥ contubernalis, i. domesticus, ~es, conviva, assecla, geþofta, ‥ ~es fida, i. fidelis, getreow gesiþa WW; quomodo ‥ Jesum Christum in sacramento cum quodam ~ite vidit Ailr. Ed. Conf. 760b; J. Sal. Pol. 540c (v. commentariensis a); cum ‥ mei ~ites universi ad sua refugia ‥ dispersi festinassent Croyl. 74.  b si vos virginitas comes indefessa tuetur Aldh. VirgV 2377; 671 fateor ‥ me dudum decrevisse, ‥ vita ~ite [cf. Gen. xviii 10] vestrae caritatis affabili praesentia frui Id. Ep. 1; 9‥ ~ite vita, sospite †vitae, gelæstendum life WW; 969 vita ~ite, hoc est quamdiu vitalis spiritus in hac erumnosa vita fragile corpus aluerit CS 1231; 1381 doctores ‥ quos ‥ promtos inveniet ‥ vestre dominacionis nobilitas ad vestra obsequia, illorum corporum ~ite sanitate FormOx 393. 2 (Continental title) count. 722 Gregorius ‥ gloriosis ducibus, magnificis castaldiis, ~itibus etiam (Lit. Papae) Ep. Bonif. 17; c794 dilecto amico Magenhario ~iti [Senonensi] Alcuin Ep. 33; accidit ‥ quod imperator familiarem ~item [Julianum, c700] pro tributis suis in Africam mitteret R. Niger I 67; quod judicium fecerunt Leo [III] et imperator ‥ Karolus [Magnus], ut episcopi et abbates et ~ites firmiter teneant et credant (Jud. Dei) GAS 420; Frisones et Flandrenses ~ites suos maregrave, quasi majores vel bonos pacificos, vocant (Leg. Ed.) Ib. 654; ~es de Ow DB I 4; ~es Andegavorum Gaufredus ‥ dominum suum ~item Pictavensem aperto Marte cepit W. Malm. GR III 231; res ejus [Willelmi], quas ‥ ~es in Normannia annis triginta actitavit Ib. 238; 1155 H. rex Anglorum et dux Normannorum et Aquitanorum et ~es Andegavorum Act. Hen. II I 95; s1213 rex Francie ‥ omnes sue ditionis homines, duces videlicet, ~ites et barones, milites et servientes ‥ jussit ‥ sub nomine culvertagii ‥ convenire Wend. II 65; comes cui marchia cedere debet / arma novat Garl. Tri. Eccl. 15; s1290 ~es Selandie et ~es del Cliwe ‥ apud Gernemutam applicuerunt B. Cotton 180; 1340 Edwardus rex Francie et Anglie ‥ universis ‥ paribus, ducibus, ~itibus, baronibus et nobilibus ac plebeis in regno Francie constitutis (Lit. Regis) Avesb. 88; 1346 barones, comites, proceres, pedites fugientes, / Anglorum pedites occidunt (In Franciam) Pol. Poems I 37. 3 (in pre-Conquest Eng.) king’s minister or nobleman (AS gesip, ealdorman, or eorl). Cf. dux 4a. †681 (12c) signum manus Coenfrithi ~itis CS 58; 704 (8c) cum licentia Ædelredi regis ~is [sic] Ib. 111; ~es supradictus [sc. praefectus nomine Osfrid] regi fidelis Eddi 36; c720 servitium regis et reginae, episcopi et praefecti et potestatum et ~itum (Eangyth) Ep. Bonif. 14; villa erat ~itis cujusdam qui vocabatur Puch Bede HE V 4; 736 ego Aethilric subregulus atque ~es gloriosissimi principis Aethilbaldi CS 154; 738 (12c) testes idoneos commites meos ‥ subscribere feci Ib. 159; exulis Æthelbaldi ~es quidam vocabulo Ecga Felix Guthl. 42; 747 dicitur quod praefecti et ~ites tui [sc. regis Æthelbaldi] majorem violentiam et servitutem monachis et sacerdotibus inrogent quam ceteri ante Christiani reges fecissent Bonif. Ep. 73; a775 (11c) terram ‥ Beornheardo ~ita [sic] meo ‥ largitus sum CS 218; 801 ego Pilheardus misellus ~is [sic] regis Merciorum Ib. 201d.; Ceorl Domnaniae ~es Asser Alf. 3; Eanwulf Summurtunensis pagae ~es Ib. 12; princeps vel ~es, ealdorman Ælf. Gl.; 9‥ ~itum, gerefena WW; s953 ~es Osulf suscepit comitatum Northanhymbrorum S. Durh. HR 85; de hac civitate reddebat praepositus xij li. regi Edwardo et vj li. ~iti Heraldo DB I 179; Æðelredum, futurum regem, tunc vero ~item Lib. Eli. II 11; de omni ordine vel natione villanorum, comitum [AS: ceorle ge eorle] (Quad.) GAS 51; burhbrece ‥ aldermanni [AS: ealdormannes], quem Latine ~item vel seniorem dicunt Ib. 73; debet ei esse rex vel ~es illius terrae [AS: eorl ðær on lande] ‥ pro ‥ advocato Ib. 135; in illo comitatu sint episcopus et ~es [AS: ealdorman; Quad.: aldremannus], qui ostendant populo et justicias Dei et rectitudines saeculi (Inst. Cnuti) Ib. 321. 4 feudal earl (equivalent to count): a (post-Conquest Eng); b (Scot); c (W); d (Ir.). a adversus episcopum Baiocensem, qui erat frater regis [W. I] et ~es Cantiae Osb. Mir. Dunst. 18; 1074 signum Rogeri ~itis Salopesberiensis Regesta I 76; 1087 W. [II] rex Anglorum omnibus episcopis, ~itibus ceterisque baronibus suis Ib. p. 131; c1089 pro salute domini mei W. [II] regis ‥, qui me [W. de Warrenna] ~item Surregiae fecit MonA V 12; c1140 sciatis me fecisse ~item de G. de Magnavilla de comitatu Essex’ hereditarie Regesta III 273; Gir. IK I 2 (v. creare 3a); ~es dicitur a comitando, quia multi eum comitari debent; sic itaque ~iti cura seque suosque felici comitatu ad bravium perducere Id. PI I 19 p. 106; 1207 sciatis nos dedisse ‥ Saihero de Quenci ~iti Wintonie x li. percipiendas sibi et heredibus suis ‥ singulis annis de exitibus comitatus Suthamt’ ‥ apud Wintoniam nomine ~itis Cart. Antiq. I 136; s1232 [J. de Laci] Lincolnie optinuit comitatum et de barone ~es effectus est M. Par. Maj. III 230; ~ites ‥ a comitatu sive a societate nomen sumpserunt, qui etiam dici possunt consules a consulendo. reges enim tales sibi associant ad regendum populum Dei, ordinantes eos magno honore et potestate et nomine quando concingunt eos gladiis, id est ringis gladiorum Bracton 5b; 1299 Rex ‥ E. ~iti Cornubie salutem: quia ‥ parleamentum tenere et vobiscum ac cum ceteris magnatibus ‥ speciale colloquium habere volumus ‥, vobis mandamus ‥ quod ‥ personaliter intersitis nobiscum ‥ consilium impensuri (Cl) Dign. Peer III 113; Mod. Ten. Parl. 7 (v. comitatus 4a); 1322 dedimus ei [A. de Harcla] ‥ xx li. de exitibus comitatus nostri Cumbr’ ‥ sub honore et nomine ~itis Karlioli ipsmnque A. gladio cinximus in ~item dicti loci (Pat) Dign. Peer V 18; 1385 Ib. 69 (v. creare 3b); c1400 Ver comes Oxonie Dublinensis marchio fertur, / Australes Michael Pool comes it populos (Mem. Vers.) Pol. Poems I 459; solet unusquisque serviencium hujusmodi tempore creacionis sue dare ‥ cuilibet ~iti et episcopo ‥ anulum ad valenciam sex scutorum Fortescue LLA 50; hic ~es, A. herrylle, ‥ nerle WW; dux et ~es, olim officii tantum at summae nunc dignitatis vocabula P. Verg. Camd. 336; Saxones nostri, quos sua lingua ealdorman Latine ‘~ites’ dixerunt, quos eorlas Dani vocarunt ‥, quo nomine emollito earles hodie appellantur. ‥ cum Guilielmus Normannus jam victor summam rerum in hoc regno administraret, ~ites coeperunt esse feudales, haereditarii et patrimoniales et ‥ de tertio denario comitatus. ‥ creabantur tempore Edwardi tertii per cincturam gladii et chartam traditampostea accessit impositio pilei cum circulo aureo Camd. Br. 135.  b a1093 testibus ‥ Mackduffe ~ite, Duncano ~ite, Araldo ~ite E. Ch. Scot. 10; a1107 Edelradus ‥ filius Malcolmi regis Scotie, abbas de Dunkeldense [sic] et insuper ~es de Fyf contulit ‥ keledeis de insula Louchleven ‥, sine exactione et petitione ‥ episcopi vel regis vel ~itis, Admore Ib. 14; c1130 David rex Scottorum episcopis, abbatibus, ~itibus, baronibus, justiciis, vicecomitibus et omnibus probis hominibus suis Ib. 90; a1145 Reinwaldo ~iti de Orchadia et ~iti et omnibus probis hominibus Cateneis et Orchadie Ib. 132; 1180 neque ~ites neque barones ‥ tenebunt curias suas nisi ‥ servientes vicecomitis ibidem affuerint (Ass. Will. 12) APScot 53; c1180 me dedisse ‥ ~iti Gileberto de Stradhern Kinbethach ‥ tenendum sibi et heredibus suis ‥ sicut tenet comitatum de Stradhern Regesta Scot. II 206; s1258 W. Cumin, ~es in Scotia potentissimus M. Par. Maj. V 724; ~ites quidam Scotorum Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 114; 1565 regum, prelatorum et temporalium ~itum et baronum Scot. Grey Friars II 48.  c s1138 Stephanus rex ‥ Gislebertum de Clara ~item de Penbroc sublimavit Ord. Vit. XIII 37 p. 112; s1170 Ricardus ~es de Penbroc, filius ~itis Stranboue Chr. Melrose 82; ~es Strigulensis Ricardus Gir. EH I 2; s1199 die coronationis sue J. rex accinxit W. Marescallum gladio comitatus de Striguil R. Howd. IV 90.  d 1205 sciatis nos dedisse ‥ Hugoni de Lascy totam terram Ultonie ‥, de qua ipsum cinximus in ~item RChart 151a; 1319 cum ‥ dederimus ‥ prefato J. xx li. annui reditus de exitibus comitatus nostri de Loueth ‥ sub nomine et honore ~itis de Loueth (Pat) Foed. III 767; 1328 cum ‥ dederimus ei [J. le Botiller] nomen et honorem ~itis de Ormound in Hibernia ipsumque ~item de O. prefecerimus et gladio cinxerimus (ChartR) Dign. Peer V 20. 5 eorl or earl (Eng.) as recipient of ‘third penny’ of county. (Inst. Cnuti) GAS 614 (v. comitalis); de istis [forisfacturis] habebat rex c sol. et ~es comitatus l, qui tertium denarium habet de forisfacturis (Leg. Ed.) Ib. 651; 1141 ego Matildis ‥ Anglorum domina do et concedo Gaufrido de M. ‥ ut sit ~es de Essex’ et habeat tertium denarium vicecomitatus de placitis sicut ~es habere debet in comitatu suo in omnibus rebus Mandeville 89; comitatus a ~ite dicitur, vel ~es a comitatu. ~es autem est qui tertiam portionem eorum que de placitis proveniunt in comitatu quolibet percipit ‥, qui ideo sic dici dicitur quia fisco socius est et ~es in percipiendis Dial. Scac. I 17; consuetudinaliter per totam Angliam mos antiquitus pro lege inoleverat ~ites provinciarum tertium denarium sibi optinere; inde enim ~ites dicebantur Chr. Battle 29; 1199 nos ‥ concessisse ‥ W. de Ferrariis ~ite [sic] de Dereby tercium denarium de omnibus placitis placitatis per vicecomitem de D. tam in D. quam extra unde ipse ~es est ‥ et ipsum tanquam ~item propria manu gladio cinximus Cart. Antiq. I 34; 1217 precipimus ‥ quod habere facias ‥ R. ~iti Cestr’ tercium denarium de comitatu Linc’, qui eum contingit jure hereditario ex parte R. ~itis patris sui Cl 308b; 1232 rex ‥ dedit ‥ Johanni de Lascy ‥ illas xx li. quas R. quondam ~es Cestr’ et Linc’ recepit pro tercio denario comitatus Linc’ nomine com[itis] Linc’ (Pat) Dign. Peer V 8; Camd. Br. 135 (v. 4a supra). 6 (w. Marescallus) earl marshal (Eng); b (Ir.). c earl marischal (Scot.). s1233 rex terram ~itis Marescalli obsedit Wend. III 55; s1241 ~es Marescallus Gilebertus M. Par. Maj. IV 135; 1258 Rogero le Bigot, ~iti Marescallo Cl 254; s1297 ~es Marescalli [sic] et Herefordensis Rish. 173; s1397 ~ites Marescallus et Kancie Wals. HA II 225; s1418 ~es Mareshallus tunc temporis, nominatus et existens Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 64; 1549 Edwardi ‥ ~itis Marescalli Anglie StatOx 341.  b 1576 ~item Essex ~item marescallum regni nostri Hibernie creamus (Pat) Foed. XV 760.  c 1460 per solucionem factam Willelmo ~iti Marschele et domino Keth ExchScot VI 602; 1491 domino Willelmo ~iti Marescalli RMS Scot 2007; 1567 [teste] Wilelmo ~ite Mariscalli Scot. Grey Friars II 235. 7 (w. palatii or palatinus) count or earl palatine: a (Continent, esp. w. ref. to Rhineland, or unspec); b (Eng); c (Scot.). a s778 in hoc prelio [de Roncevaus] ‥ Anselmus ~es palatii atque Rothlandus ‥ cum Olivero ~ite occubuerunt R. Niger II 148; s1101 Stephanus Blesensis palatinus ~es Ord. Vit. X 19 p. 118; s1194 nepos Ricardi regis Anglorum filiam ‥ Conradi palatini ~itis duxit uxorem Diceto YH 113; 1213 [teste] H. ~ite palatino Rhen’ RChart 190b; nisi sit aliquis in regno qui regalem habeat potestatem in omnibus, sicut sunt ‥ ~ites paleys Bracton 122b; 1402 dominum Ludowicum ~item palatinum Reni Foed. VIII 249.  b inermes Britones intumescunt ipsosque qui dicuntur palatini ~ites ‥ fere ad deditionem compellunt J. Sal. Pol. 611D; s1236 ~ite Cestrie gladium ‥ ante regem bajulante in signum quod ~es est palatii M. Par. Maj. III 337; 1293 episcopus Dunelm’ habet duos status, viz. statum episcopi quoad spiritualia et statum ~itis palacii quoad tenementa sua temporalia RParl I 103; 1384 predecessores ‥ J. nunc episcopi Dunelm’ ‥ possederunt civitatem ‥ Dunolm’ ‥ simul cum dominio et libertatibus ~itis palatini MonA I 204a.  c 1375 David ~es palatinus de Stratherne Inchaffray 131. 8 (w. stabulariorum) constable. Cf. constabularius. s1066 interfuerunt huic prelio [de Senlac] E. Bolonie ~es, ‥ Hugo stabulariorum ~es Ord. Vit. III 14 p. 148. 9 (w. civitatis) portreeve. 1419 fictum fuit hoc nomen ‘portgravius’, significans hoc quod dicitur ‘civitatis ~es’, unde ‥ honor ~iti debitus ‥ Londoniarum presidi, qui ‘major’ dicitur, ‥ pertinebat MGL I 13.

2 †comes , ? f. l. 1297 (v. colanum).

1 cŏmĕs, (7) ĭtis, m. et f. (cum, eo), ¶ 1 compagnon [ou] compagne de voyage ; compagnon, compagne : confugere sine comite Ter. Hec. 823, sʼenfuir sans compagnon ; comes meus fuit illo tempore Cic. Fam. 13, 71, ce fut mon compagnon à cette époque ; cui it comes Virg. En. 6, 158, il lʼaccompagne || [fig.] associé : me omnium rerum comitem habebis Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 22, je serai ton associé en toutes choses, cf. Læl. 37 ; Cæs. C. 3, 80 ; in aliqua re Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 2 ; pacis est comes otique socia... eloquentia Cic. Br. 45, lʼéloquence est la compagne de la paix, lʼassociée du repos ¶ 2 [en part.] a) pédagogue, gouverneur dʼun enfant : Suet. Claud. 35, 2 ; b) personne de la suite, de lʼescorte : Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2 ; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27 ; c) comte [dignité du Bas Empire] : Cod. Th. 11, 8, 1.

2 cŏmēs, 2^e pers. de comedo.

comes , itis. m. f.
夥計。保孩者。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

comes itis, m and f

• com- + 1 I-, a companion, associate, comrade, partaker, sharer, partner. omnino sine comite venisse, quite alone: Comites secuti sunt virginem, T.: eius Rubrius: o socii comitesque, H.: cui fides Achates it comes, V.: victoriae Pompei, an associate in, Cs.: eius amentiae: mortis, O.: paternae fugae, L.: data sum comes Minervae, O.: comitem sororem Sprevisti, V.—A guardian, tutor: Illi me comitem in arma pater misit, V.: custos comesque Iuli, V.—An attendant, retainer, dependant: Brundisium ductus, H.: ducendus et unus Et comes alter, H.: comites magistratuum, retinue: eius: comes Neronis, one of Nero's train, H.—Fig., of things, a companion, attendant, concomitant, associate, consequence: multarum deliciarum saltatio: eventūs rerum comites consiliorum: artes virtutis: culpam poena premit comes, H.

COMES

COMESdenotes originally a fellow-traveller: hence it is applied to the members of the retinue of a magistrate or high official sent into the provinces (cf. Cic. Ver. 2.1. 0, 27; ad Quint. Fr. 1.1, 3, 11; Suet. Jul. 42, neu qui senatoris filius nisi contubernalis aut comes magistratus peregre proficisceretur); and under the emperors the term is used especially of those accompanying the emperor or members of his family (cf. Hor. Ep. 1.8, 2; Mommsen in Hermes, 4.120 ff.; Suet. Aug. 16, 98, Tib. 46, Calig. 45, &c.). From this it was a natural transition to apply the term to the courtiers generally, even when not on a journey ; and in later Latin we find it used of the holders of the various state-offices. About the time of Constantine it became a regular honorary title, including various grades, answering to the comites ordinis primi, secundi, tertii. The power of these officers, especially the provincial, varied with time and place; some presided over a particular department, with a limited authority, as we should term them, commissioners; others were invested with all the powers of the ancient proconsuls and praetors.

The names of the following officers explain themselves:--Comes Orientis (of whom there seem to have been two, one the superior of the other), comes Aegypti, comes Britanniae, comes Africae, comes rei militaris, comes portuum, comes stabuli, comes domesticorum equitum, comes clibanarius, comes linteae vestis or vestiarii (master of the robes). In fact the emperor had as many comites as he had functions: thus, comes consistorii, the emperor's privy-councillor; comes largitionum privatarum, an officer who managed the emperor's private revenue, as the comes largitionum sacrarum did the public exchequer. The latter office united in a great measure the functions of the aedile and quaestor. The four comites commerciorum, to whom the government granted the exclusive privilege of trading in silk with barbarians, were under his control. An account, however, of the duties and functions of the comites of the later empire does not fall within the scope of the present work. (Cf. Notitia Dignitatum, ed. Böcking; Wilmanns, Exempla Inscript. Latin. Ind. p. 555.)

[B.J] [A.S.W]

Comes

Originally a fellow-traveller; hence it is applied to the members of the retinue of a magistrate or high official sent into the provinces (cf. Verr. ii. 10, 27), and under the emperors the term is used especially of those accompanying the emperor or members of his family. From this it was a natural transition to apply the term to the courtiers generally, even when not on a journey; and in later Latin we find it used of the holders of the various State-offices. About the time of Constantine it became a regular honorary title, whence the modern count (French comte), including various grades, answering to the comites ordinis primi, secundi, tertii.

The names of the following officers explain themselves: Comes Orientis (of whom there seem to have been two, one the superior of the other), comes Aegypti, comes Britanniae, comes Africae, comes rei militaris, comes portuum, comes stabuli, comes domesticorum equitum, comes clibanarius, comes linteae vestis or vestiarii (master of the robes). In fact the emperor had as many comites as he had functions.