denarius

dēnārĭus, a, um, adj. [deni], containing ten.

• I In gen.: numerus digitorum, Vitr. 3, 1: fistula, ten inches in circumference, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 58; Vitr. 8, 7: DENARIAE caerimoniae dicebantur et TRICENARIAE, quibus sacra adituris decem continuis rebus vel triginta certis quibusdam rebus carendum erat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 10.— Freq.,
• II Esp. nummus, or absol., denarius, ii, m. (gen. plur., denarium, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 55, 137; id. Off. 3, 23 fin.; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 71 Müll.: denariorum, Cic. Fam. 9, 18 fin.; Suet. Tib. 48).
• • A A Roman silver coin, which originally contained ten, and afterwards eighteen asses, in value equivalent to an Attic drachma, or about sixteen American cents, Varr. L. L. 5, § 173 Müll.; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44; Vitr. 3, 1, 8; Paul. ex Fest. p. 98, 1 Müll.: denarii nummi, Liv. 8, 11 fin.: denarii trecenti, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 55; so subst., id. ib. 2, 3, 82 sq.; * Caes. B. C. 1, 52; Plin. 18, 23, 53, § 194; Mart. 1, 118 et saep.—
  • B As, an apothecary's weight, = drachma, Plin. 21, 34, 109, § 185; Cels. 5, 17; Plin. 30, 7, 19, § 56 et saep.—
  • C A gold coin of the value of 25 silver denarii, Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44 sq.; 34, 7, 17, § 37; cf. Petr. 33, 2.—
  • D In later times, a copper coin, Vop. Aurel. 9; Macr. S. 1, 7 med.—
  • E Meton. for money in gen., Cic. Quint. 4 fin.; id. Att. 2, 6 fin.

dēnārius, a, um (deni), je zehn enthaltend, I) adi.: numerus, Augustin. de doctr. Christ. 3, 35. Macr. somn. Scip. 1, 6, 11: fistulae, zehn Zoll starke Röhren, Plin. 31, 58. Frontin. aqu. 43: formae, Goldstücke im Werte von zehn Golddenaren, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39, 9: caerimoniae, mit zehntägigem Fasten verbunden, Paul. ex Fest. 71, 10. – II) subst., dēnārius, iī, Genet. Plur. ōrum, u. gewöhrl. ûm, m., A) (sc. nummus, das Liv. 8, 11, 16 dabeisteht) eine römische Münze, der Denar, a) eine Silbermünze, die zehn (deni asses, daher der Name denarius, Wertzeichen X), später sechzehn asses od. vier sestertii enthielt (vgl. Plin. 33, 44. Vitr. 3, 1, 8), nach unserm Gelde ungefähr 80 Pfennige, formae denariorum, Denarstücke, Isid. 6, 11, 3: d. argenteus, Col.: malus, Sen.: falsus, adulterinus (Ggstz. verus), Plin.: denarios probare (justieren), Plin.: alci ad denarium solvere, in Denaren (= in römischer Münze od. Währung), Cic.: so auch ecquae spes sit denarii, in Denaren bezahlt zu werden, Cic. – b) eine Goldmünze, Plin. 33, 42 u.a. (vgl. oben no. I denariae formae): aurei argenteique denarii, Petron. 33, 2. – c) in spät. Kaiserzt. eine ganz kleine Münze im Werte von etwa 2 Pfennigen; vollst. aeris denarii, Vopisc. Aurel. 9, 7. Macr. sat. 1, 7, 22. Cod. Theod. 14, 4, 10. Cassiod. var. 1, 10. Placid. gloss. 9, 2. – Vgl. den Artikel denarius von Hultsch in Pauly-Wissowa Realenz. V, 202 ff. – B) ein Apothekergewicht, die Drachme, Cels. u.a. – ➳Bei den Griechen dēnārion, ī, n. (δηνάριον), Gramm. inc. de orthogr. 2783 P. (aber Plaut. rud. 1314 liest Fleckeisen centum Philippeae minae). – Über die Genet. Plur. ōrum u. ûm s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ Bd. 1. S. 170 u. 171. – Dat. Plur. denaris, Mart. 1, 117, 17; 9, 100, 1 u. 6.

denarius [CL] 1 consisting of ten units. b (w. numerus or as sb. m.) number ten. c (as sb. m.) set of ten (esp. w. ref. to Ten Commandments; cf. decalogus). d (? by analogy w. penny) unit. prime illi [interrogationum disciplinalium] ~ie distinctioni non relinquuntur nisi ea ad que responderi oportet parte secunda Balsh. AD rec. 2 160; Architam Tarentinum laudat auctorem ~ia predicamentorum distinctio Neckam NR II 173 p. 285; Ad. Marsh Ep. 180 (v. 1c infra).  b c798 eandem regulam perfectionis vel inperfectionis, quai prima unitas in suis numeris sub ~io servat, eandem et secundam in suis ~iis sub centenario servare necesse est Alcuin Ep. 133; numeri fundamentum est unitas et ~ius Thurkill Abac. 55; si inter x fuerit [horoscopus], prima radiatio in area quinarii, id est prima, secunda vero in area ~ii, id est secunda, faciendaest Adel. Elk. 37; si multiplicare volueris radice numeri quinarii cum radice numeri ~ii Rob. Angl. (I) Alg. 100; instituta fuit decimatio in signum transgressionis facte ab homine, qui per novenarium significatur deficientem a ~io Hales Sent. IV 31 (cf. ib. III 470); ~ius, qui per excrescentiam unitatis excedit novenarium Bart. Angl. XIX 121; in ~io est unum et duo et tres et quatuor; si ergo †colligeris [? l. collegeris] hec, faciunt decem Bacon V 150; tum numerus perfectus dicitur cujus partes aliquote ipsum precise constituunt, et non est nisi unus infra ~ium, viz. senarius Id. Maj. I 7; tene, decem, ‥ decies, denus, ~ius CathA.  c virtutum profectibus ‥ productis ex vitalis decalogi ~io, secundum quod est apud ~iam effectuum sanctitatem Ad. Ad. Marsh Ep. 180 (v. 1a supra); sicut habetur in Henrico de Gandavo de ~io Predicamentorum Duns Metaph. IV 2. 167b; [Henricus VI] ideo in hoc mense [Decembri] natus est ut ~ium mandatorum menti imprimat Capgr. Hen. 126.  d Rob. Angl. (I) Alg. 146, 128 (v. census 7a & b). 2 (silver) penny (orig. of 10 copper asses): a Continental (var.); b Eng. (sterling); c Scot. (cf.ExchScot II xcv seqq.). a 743 ut annis singulis de unaquaque casata solidus, id est xij ~ii, ad aecclesiam ‥ reddatur (Conc.) Ep. Bonif. 56; haec ij maneria reddunt per annum lxx libras ~iorum Rodmensium [Dom. Exon. 195: Rothomagensium] DB I 104; 1151 ita quod de vino alicujus civium Rothomagi quod ad servitium ducis accipietur quartus ~ius non cadat Act. Hen. II I 19; 1158 pro escambio ~iorum de †Monte Martin [l. moneta Martini, sc. Turonensis] Pipe 186; Gir. GE II 35 (v. Andegavensis); 1240 ~iis de Musc’ Liberate 14 m. 2 (v. 3b infra); s1247 l milia librarum ~iorum Vianensium, quorum quilibet~ius valet tres obolos esterlingorum M. Par. Maj. IV 624; s1251 exceptis aliis ~iis communibus, sc. sterlingis, Turon[ens]ibus et Parisiensibus Ib. V 204 (cf. id. Min. III 103); 1253 (v. Burdegalensis); a1275 (v. Coloniensis); 1282 iiij solidi et ij ~ii Turonensium grossorum; item ij Romanorum grossorum; qui, computat[o] uno Turonensium pro iij sterlinis et uno Romanorum pro duobus et dim., valent xij s. et d. xj sterlingorum (Comp. Collect. Apostol.) EHR XXXII 52; 1285 iiij ~ios Turonensium parvorum RGasc II 263; 1300 quolibet sterlingo computato pro xj ~iis Turon’ AcWardr p. 87.  b a831 pro conpetenti pecunia, id est iij milia ~iorum CS 318; c930 ea conditione ut ‥ adferat octuaginta solidos ex meris ~iis CS 648; adhuc reddit x libras ~iorum de xx in ora DB I 172; componat de singulis, id est lxvj solidis et vj ~iis et tertiam partem unius ~ii [AS: ðriddan dœl pœninges] (Quad.) GAS 87; overseunesse judicetur, id est l solidorum in Westsexa–si erga comitem, [lx] solidorum erga hundretum, xxx solidorum ex v ~iis, qui faciunt v mancas–ut solidus ~iis xij computetur (Leg. Hen. 34. 3) Ib. 565; c1236 de quibus debemus habere ij denerios et rex tertium Cust. Battle 126; si quis ~ium inveniat retonsum vel de alio cuneo quam de cuneis communibus Anglie, Hibernie et Scocie, statim illum faciat perforari et restitui ‥; si quis autem falsum invenerit ~ium, ilium statim frangi faciat, sed ilium non restituat Fleta 33; s1298 (v. coronare 5d); 1502 quod quilibet lector ‥ habeat prostipendio ‥ suo ‥ pro quolibet anno xiij libras vj solidos et viij ~ios legalis monete Anglie StatOx 307.  c c1150 omnem decimationem ~iorum firme burgi [Dunfermelin] E. Ch. Scot. 209; c1170 plenariam firmam, sc. l solidos et octo ~ios Regesta Scot. II 58; 1360 in defalcacione iiijm librarum solutarum in nobillis ‥, viz. de qualibet libra iiij ~ios ExchScot 56; 1374 cum ‥ in parliamento nostro ‥ ordinatum extitit ‥ quod moneta iiij ~iorum de Scocia ponatur et currat in valorem iij ~iorum RScot 964b (cf. StRealm I 395); 1434 et nil rec[eptum est] de Scoticis ~iis et blankes, quia expenduntur in oblacionibus fratrum Ac. Durh. 468; 1464 argenti fabricati in minutis ~iis et obolis ExchScot 292. 3 penny of specified metal: a silver; b gold; c base metal (tin or copper). a †888 (868) pro conpetenti pecuniam [sic] ‥, id est cxx ~ios [sic] argenteis CS 519; a940 (v. argentum 2a); denărios primos argenti fecit Yonas / rector Thessalie Garl. Tri. Eccl. 27; MGL II 105 (v. argenteus 2a); 1372 reddant ‥ xij ~ios argenti (Ch. Roby) EHR XVII 295; 1403 de j ~io argenti de quolibet sacco lane ponderate ExchScot 572.  b [W. de Breusa] singulis notariorum ‥ preter communia stipendia aureum annuatim ~ium dabat Gir. IK I 2 p. 23; 1270 in j ~io de Murcia iij solidos et inj~io auri de nova moneta ij solidos Liberate 46 m. 3 (cf. ib. 14 m. 2: 1240 pro v ~iis de Musc’); 1275 (v. aureus 2a); 1288 N. ‥ invenit ij ~ios de auro et J. emit eos pro iij quadrantibus Leet Norw. 19; 1339 iij milia ~iorum auri vocatorum scussellorum (Pat) Foed. V 133a; 1487 in ~iis aureis vocatis unicornys ExchScot 549.  c 1167 E. Lorimarius r.c. de v m. pro ~io stanneo Pipe 85; 1340 R. ‥ habet ~ios, obolos, quadrantes novos de moneta regis, set metallum unde fit est mixtum cum stagno CBaron 99; c1370 venit de transmarinis per mercatores falsa moneta de cupro, que dicebatur Lusscheburne, habens formam ~ii Anglicani (J. Bridl. gl.) Pol. Poems I 140. 4 (silver) penny: a dist. as reckoned by ‘tale’ (number) or weight (cf. 10 infra) and with or without ‘blanching’ (allowance for deficiency in assay); b dist. as ‘small’ or ‘great’ (sts. app. w. ref. to short weight, sts. to distinction of penny from groat; cf. grossus). V. et. denariolus. a DB I 137 (v. albus 6a); haec civitas [Hereford] reddit regi lx libras ad numerum de candidis ~iis DB I 179 (cf. (v. candidus 2)); [reddit] iiij ~ios blancas [sic] DB II 118 (cf. (v. blancus 2a)); GAS 426 (v. ad 9c); 1303 pro xij libris in ~iis numeratis EEC 278; 1313 furati fuerunt pecuniam ‥ in ~iis numeratis absconditis in quodam tasso bladi Eyre Kent I 78; 1367 quoad fabricacionem monete extat ‥ ordinatum ‥ quod libra argenti minuatur in pondere x ~iis ponderis, sic sc. quod de libra ponderis jam fiant xxix solidi et iiij ~ii numerales (Stat. David II) APScot I 144b.  b c1285 in Hibernia omnes fere locuntur ‥ de pluribus cambiis factis et de ~iis ultra modum adsis[e] r[egis]: primo de ~iis magnis electis de veteri moneta cambiatis pro †cujus li. xvj d.; item recepit parvam monetam ‥ de debitoribus regis per pondus et dealbacionem, quam quidem parvam monetam, defensam ne reciperetur, postmodum ut solveretur precepit propter excercitum regis versus Walliam KR Ac 234/19 m. 2 (cf. Cal. Ir. III p. 8); 1316 pro precio magni ~ii oblatorii domini regis ponderantis vij d., oblati per ipsum dominum regem singulis diebus ad missam suam et postea redempti ‥ pro vij d. (AcWardr) Arch. XXVI 343; 1464 de lj li. ix s. provenientibus de cona ccclxxxv li. et xiiij unciarum argenti fabricati in grossis xij ~iorum et vj ~iorum ‥; et vj li. vj s. ob. provenientibus de cona xciiij li. viij unciarum cum dimedia argenti fabricati in minutis ~iis et obolis ExchScot 292; 1517 invente fuerunt in cista communi ‥ in pecunia ‥ in dim. grossis, alias dictis ~iis de duobus, iij li. xv s. iiij d. Fabr. York 234. 5 penny payable to church, or religious house, given in alms, or sim.: a Peter-penny, Romescot; b reek-penny; cf. fumagium; c (var.). a †1031 ~ii quos Romae ad S. Petrum debemus (Lit. Canuti) Fl. Worc. I 189 (cf. W. Malm. GR II 183); GAS 277; H. Hunt. HA VI 16; DB I 87v (v. 6c infra); (Leg. Ed.) GAS 634 (v. denariata 1a); s1031 Cnuto ‥ ~ium B. Petri denuo dedit, quum ante ab Edwardo filio Alvredi datus esset et ab Ethelwolfo rege R. Niger Chr. II 157; [H. abbas, ob [1133]] adquisivit legationem colligendorum ~iorum Rome in Anglia H. Albus 100; 1154 salva B. Petro et sacrosancte Romane ecclesie de singulis domibus annua unius ~ii pensione (Lit. Papae) Diceto YH 301; c1155 ecclesiam ‥ ab omni episcopali consuetudine absolutam excepto ~io B. Petri Danelaw 317; s1164 domini pape auribus immurmurabant de archiepiscopi depositione, temptantes eum maximis promissis, tandem etiam adjecto quod ~ium annuum B. Petri, qui nunc a solis ascriptis glebe, nec tamen ab omnibus, datur in Anglia, rex faceret ‥ ab omni habitatore terre ‥ donari W. Fitzst. Thom. 65; 1167 apostolico xlij li. pro ~iis B. Petri Pipe 58; 1181 decanus loci colligit ~ium B. Petri et solvit archidiacono Dom. S. Paul. 147 (cf. ib. 151: firmarius colligit ~ium B. Petri et sibi retinet); 1213 volumus ‥ ut de ‥ redditibus nostris ‥, salvis per omnia ~iis B. Petri, ecclesia Romana m m. esterlingorum percipiat annuatim (Ch. Regis) Wend. II 75; s727 statutum est ‥ per totum regnum Occidentalium Saxonum ‥ ut singulis annis de singulis familiis~ius unus, qui Anglice Rom-scot appellatur, B. Petro et ecclesie Romane mitteretur M. Par. Maj. I 331; s793 ex his omnibus provinciis dedit rex [Offa] ‥ ~ium B. Petri, ‥, quod [sic] Anglice Romscot appellatur Ib. 360 (cf. V. II Off. 30); c1280 gravatur regnum Anglie eo quod dominus papa non est contentus illo subsidio quod vocatur ~ius S. Petri (Lit. Baronum) DocExch 353; 1310 recepimus de ~iis S. Petri m vjcix li. xvij s. (Lit. Collectorum Apostol.) EHR XLI 354; c1310 pro ~iis papalibus solvendis Ac. Durh. 510; 1453 de superplus ~iorum S. Petri vocatorum Romscot MinAc 1129/3 r. 5; numi illi argentei vocantur vulgo ~ii divi Petri, quos pontificius quaestor ‥ exigit P. Verg. IV 90.  b 1164 pia consuetudo ‥ ut de singulis sc. parrochiis vestris pro quaque domo ad operaciones ecclesie B. Cuthberti j ~ius annuatim consueverit exhiberi (Lit. Papae) Hist. Durh. Script. app. p. lii; 1276 si plures liberi proprium habentes in parentum pariter familia vivant, ad ~ios qui nuncupantur rekpenys minime arceantur (Stat. Durh.) Conc. Syn. 819; 1356 sacriste de ~iis fumalibus vj s. viij d. Ac. Durh. 122; postea [c1300] rediit [episcopus] revocatus et pro relaxacione sentencie [interdictus] dederunt de qualibet domo fumigante j ~ium ‥ cuilibet antistiti succedenti redeunti de Insulis Chr. Man 116.  c c1105 precipio quod presbiteri qui tenent ecclesias que sunt super terras dominicas monachorum Winton’ bene eas acquietent de ~iis presbit[er]orum (Ch. Wint.) EHR XXXV 391; 1191 eo salvo quod ~ios S. Petri et ~ios de caritate persolvant, quos actenus solvere consueverunt Cart. Glast. I 2 (v. caritas 3c); c1218 vicarius ‥ habebit de oblacionibus ad altare provenientibus j ~ium missalem [mass-penny] quocies celebraverit et ~ius provenerit Lib. Ant. Linc. 1; 1250 in decimis ‥ ville Spalding’ ‥ cum ~iis missalibus et ~iis cum pane benedicto oblatis Reg. Linc. 114; W. clericus ‥ mensuratus ad comitem et ~io plicato convaluit Mir. Montf. 75; Ib. 74 (v. complicare 1b); c1300 presbiteri stipendiarii ‥ jurabunt ‥ quod ecclesiis parochialibus ‥ in quibus divina celebrantur eorumque rectoribus ‥ nullum ‥ inferent ‥ prejudicium circa oblaciones, porciones, obvenciones, ~ios pro requisitis, tricenalia vel jura [gl. Lyndw. 111 e: ‘~ios †perquisitos’: aliqui libri habent sic, ‘~ios pro requestis’; et sunt hi ~ii qui in aliquibus partibus consueverunt dari curato pro habendis memoriis defunctorum; et ab aliquibus dicuntur ~ii memoriales, quia ut habeatur memoria defunctorum solent solvi] Conc. Syn. 138 (cf. ib. 237); 1360 racione decimi ~ii de ‥ terris de Menmur’ ‥ priori et canonicis debiti RMS Scot 214; 1378 presentando xx m. pro ‥ ~iorum synodalium oneribus supportandis Reg. Aberbr. II 35; 1389 decanus [gilde] habebit de quilibet [sic] fratre in collecta ~iorum animarum [‘soul-scot’; cf. anima 5c] ‥ ij d. Guild Cert. (Linc) 41/153; 1397 celerario et refectorario pro ~io S. Benedicti, iiij s. Ac. Obed. Abingd. 63 (cf. ib. 91). 6 penny payable to crown or lord (esp. feud. or man.): a third penny (of borough or county; cf.EHR XXXIV 62-4); b quota levied by crown; c (var.). a de tercio ~io Sarisberie habet rex vj li., de tercio ~io Merleberge iiij li. ‥, de tercio ~io Malmesberie vj li. DB I 64v; huic manerio Piretone adjacet tercius ~ius de tota scira Dorsete DB I 75; tercius ~ius de placitis istius hundreti pertinebat TRE huic manerio (Chesh) DB I 263v; GAS 614 (v. comitalis); Ib. 651 (v. comes 5); 1139 tertium ~ium redditus burgi Hereford quicquid unquam reddat et tertium ~ium placitorum totius comitatus Hereford (Ch. Imperatricis) Mandeville 288; 1141 Ib. 89 (v. comes 5); 1155 comiti Gloecestrie xx li. pro tercio ~io comitatus Pipe 49; c1157 concessisse R. Lincolniensi episcopo tertium ~ium de wapentaco de Estowa ad firmam per x li. numero unoquoque anno CalCh IV 143; 1221 loquendum de xx li. de tertio ~io comitatus [Hereford’], que allocantur vicecomiti in corpore comitatus ‥, que proveniunt de placitis et perquisitis et non de firma assisa LTR Mem 4 r. 12; 1331 concessimus ‥ wardam castri nostri de Lincoln’ ‥ et xx libratas annui redditus ‥ pro tercio ~io comitatus Linc’ (Ch. Regis) Ambrosden II 19.  b 1269 de vicesimo ~io assiso levando ad usus domini regis H. Rec. Leic. I 128; s1269 ~ios provenientes de vicesimo ~io collecto per totam Angliam de omnibus liberis hominibus ‥, unde mencio superius facta est Leg. Ant. Lond. 125 (cf. ib. 122: liberi homines de regno Anglie ‥ dederunt domino regi vicesimam partem ‥ bonorum suorum mobilium ad expensas suas faciendas in itinere versus terram Jerosolimitanam); s1294 rex ‥ in burgo morantibus indixit senarium ~ium a cunctis qui possederant sibi solvi Flor. Hist. III 91; s1297 exigendo ‥ de populo octavum ~ium sibi dari Ib. 102 (cf. ib. 103: octonarium ~ium); s1297 dederunt regi populus nonum ~ium, clerus Cantuariensis decimam [v. l. decimum], clerus Eboracensis quintam [v. l. quintum] Eul. Hist. III 168; c1300 (v. denus 2b); s1313 magnates, regis paupertatem considerantes, quintum decimum ~ium bonorum temporalium per totam Angliam sibi concedebant Trokelowe 81.  c istae consuetudines pertinent ad Tantone: burgheristh, latrones, pacis infractio, hainfare, ~ii de hundret et ~ii S. Petri, circieti (Som) DB I 87v; ut ‥ renovarent pleggios suos et ‥ darent prefecto ~ium qui dicitur borthselver Brakelond 150; 1215 (v. 2 constabularius 2a); 1220 (v. carruca 3a); 1254 (v. crux 9b); 1279 predicti †denarentati [MS: den[arii] arentati] fuerunt domino regi et ipse vic. respondet de arentacione predictorum ~iorum PQW 337a; 1289, 1296 (v. capitalis 2a); 1382 summa ~iorum Calesie EEC 600 (cf. ib. 642: 1444 †~ie [? l.~ii] Calesie); 1505 denar’ molend[ini] alias treth melen, viz. pro non viracione aque ad molendina nostra (Bromefield & Yale) Pat 597 m. 19. 7 (w. Dei), God’s penny, earnest money. c1250 (v. arra a); 1301 (v. 2 contractus 2a); 1355 in ~iis Dei datis super nundinas S. Egidii pro diversis mercandisis emptis, v d. Comp. Swith. 242. 8 (pl. or collect.) money, cash. b (w. ad) at the expense (of); cf. ad 7a. a1123 emit terram ‥ de R. [et al.], qui ~ios inde receperunt Cart. Merton 429; 1166 in singulis comitatibus ubi non fuerint gaiole fiant ‥ de ~iis regis et bosco ejus Assize Clar. 7; catalla cujuslibet nativi ita intelliguntur esse in potestate domini sui quod propriis suis ~iis versus dominum suum a villenagio se redimere non poterit Glanv. V 5; 1205 terra illa valet de redditu assiso viij li. v s. j d. exceptis operibus; et, si opera fuerint posita ad ~ium, valeret x li. ij s. vij d. RNorm 131; 1220 (v. deus 3d); 1221 non potuerunt deliberari antequam pacassent xlv m. in ~iis, exceptis aliis donis factis militibus suis [sc. captoris] SelPlCrown 95; 1253 †~ium quod [Cl 176: ~ios quos] ad hoc posueritis RGasc I 359; 1269 (v. denariata 1a); in crastino die comitatus ‥, in quo fit collecta ~iorum regis [money paid to crown] Fleta 151; 1298 probatores qui ceperunt ~ios domini regis [money paid by crown] Gaol Del. 37/4 r. 2; 1345 invenitur quod servicia de Valle Dublin’ subscripta soluta sunt ad Scaccarium in ~iis; viz: servicium archiepiscopi [et al.] ‥, qui omnes nunc clamant facere servicia ‥ ad castrum Dublin’ per corpus suum (Mem. Scac. Hib.) EHR XVIII 508; 1404 deliberavit in ~iis levabilibus de tempore suo pro diversis debitorum debitis ‥ xlli. Ac. Durh. 399; ut ~ius acquiratur Paul. Angl. ASP 1533 (v. devotio 2c).  b 1225 precipimus quod navis illa cum rectoribus et marinellis ‥ sint ad ~ios nostros Pat 546; 1258 eis ad piscem illum ad regem cariandum habere faciat cariagium ad ~ios regis Cl 277; 1268 adducendo tecum milites ‥ quos perquirere poteris ad ~ios nostros Cl 382. 9 penny as minimal amount: a (w. neg. or vix); b (w. ultimus). a patris tui satellites regale sic servant erarium ut vix unum tuis clientibus inde possis dare ~ium Ord. Vit. V 10 p. 377; Brakelond 128v (v. decipere d); s1213 nec quidem ~ium unum ad expensas itineris portare permisit Wend. II 97; c1256 magni burgenses nunquam pacant ~ium IMisc 10/7; 1308 in nullo ~io ei tenetur CourtR Wakefield II 136; ait puella: “amen dico tibi, nullum ~ium habebis” Latin Stories 121; 1365 dicit quod ipsi aliquem ~ium de ~iis regis predicto priori nunquam accomodavit Cl 203 m. 24; 1373 absque hoc quod ‥ misit xxx li. vel aliquem ~ium SelCKB VI 172; 1460 affirmavit quod nullum ~ium nec aliquam mundi pecuniam ‥ Johanni ‥ debet (Assembly Bk. King’s Lynn) Bronnen 1506.  b 1350 quousque idem comes ultimum ~ium de redempcione sua domino regi persolvisset SelCKB VI 70; s1373 eciam si contigerit me expendere omnia bona mea usque ad ultimum ~ium Ghost Stories 86. 10 penny as unit of weight, pennyweight. c1100 justa [i. e. juxta] Gallos vicesima pars uncie ~ius est et xij ~ii solidum reddunt Eng. Weights 5 (cf. ib. 8); 1208 j cuppam deauratam ‥ ponderis lij solidorum vj ~iorum; ‥ [j c]uppam deauratam ‥ ponderis v marcarum, xj unciarum, x ~iorum Invent. Exch. p. 123; 1241 pro perlis ponderis iiij unciarum et viij ~iorum Liberate 15 m. 13; a1250 quando quarterium frumenti venditur pro xviij d., tunc panis albus et bene coctus de quadrante de wastello ponderabit iiij libras x solidos et viij ~ios (Assis. Panis) StRealm I 199; †1303 ~ius Anglicanus, qui vocatur sterlyngus, rotundus et sine tonsura ponderabit xxxij grana frumenti in medio spice; et uncia debet ponderare xx ~ios (Assis. Pond.) Ib. 204; 1321 assaiebantur balancie et pondera civitatis ‥ et invente sunt per omnes particulas concordantes ponderibus domini regis, excepto quod deficit de pondere viij marcarum civitatis pondus ij ~iorum oboli MGL II 383; 1425 inventum est dictam dim. unciam puri argenti post sumpcionem de igne excedere standardum predictum in allaio per unum ~ium ponder[is] ad libram Pat 419 m. 18. 11 reward (w. ref. to Matth. xx 9–10). Dominus in carne apparens ~ium nobis regni celestis promisit. decalogum legis nos perficere posse ‥ concessit Bede Gen. 96; post terminum hujus fluctivagi ponti valerem sumere partem aeterni ~ii Byrht. V. Ecgwini 362; ~ius vitae monachilis ‥ esse debet perfectior quam clericalis Anselm Misc. 305; decimum [caput] est ‥ de cavendo litigio ‥; sed usque ad perfectionis ~ium ‥ dilectionem non perducimus si horribilem ‥ litigii tonitruum non devitamus Ad. Scot OP 515B; ~ium eterne remunerationis accepit a Domino J. Furness Kentig. 8 p. 177.

dēnārĭus, (10) a, um (deni), de dix, ¶ 1 qui contient le nombre dix : denarius numerus digitorum Vitr. Arch. 3, 1, les dix doigts ; denaria fistula Plin. 31, 58, conduit dont la circonférence est de dix pouces ; denariæ cærimoniæ P. Fest. 71, 10, cérémonies en vue desquelles on devait sʼabstenir de certaines choses pendant dix jours ¶ 2 dēnārius, ĭī, m. , gén. pl. denarium et ōrum ; a) denier [pièce de monnaie dʼargent qui, dans lʼorigine, valait dix as] : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 137, cf. Varro L. 5, 173 ; Plin. 33, 44 ; P. Fest. 98, 1 ; b) as [monnaie de cuivre] : Macr. Sat. 1, 7 ; c) [en gén.] pièce de monnaie : Cic. Att. 2, 6, 2 ; d) poids dʼune drachme attique [7^e partie de lʼonce romaine] : Plin. 21, 185 ; 30, 56.

denarius , ii. m.
四十錢。

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denarius , a, um. adj. (decem.)
十者。砣名。— nummus 四十錢。 Denariae ceremoniae 十日之忌。 Denariae fistulae 十指長之笛。

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dēnārius (genplur. -iūm; rarely -iōrum), adj.

• deni, containing ten each; hence, worth ten(asses): nummus, a silver coin, originally of ten, afterwards of sixteen asses(about 8d., $0.16): pendere denarios nummos quadringenos, L.—As subst.(sc. nummus): denarii trecenti: ad denarios L in singulos modios annona pervenerat, Cs.: ad denarium solvere, to pay in silver: spes denarii, of money.

DENARIUS

DENA´RIUStranslated by penny in the A. V. of the Bible, was the principal silver coin among the Romans, and was so called because it was originally equal to ten asses; but on the reduction of the weight of the as, it was made equal to sixteen asses, except in military pay, in which it was still reckoned as equal to ten asses. The denarius was first coined five years before the first Punic war, B.C. 269. An account of the introduction and the subsequent reductions of the denarius is given under As, p. 205, where its value and subdivisions are fully discussed, and the authorities given. It is sufficient to state here that its normal weight during the last two centuries of the republic was 60 grains, and its value about 8 1/2 d. Its chief subdivisions in silver coins was the quinarius or half denarius, and the sestertius or quarter denarius [SESTERTIUS].

For other divisions and for the types found upon the coins, see As.

[P.G]

Denarius

A Roman silver coin, so called because it originally contained 10 asses. In later times it=16 asses=4 sestertii=1/25 of an aureus. Its original weight was 4.55 gr. (=between $0.18 and $0.20); from B.C. 217 to Nero, 3.90 (about $0.14); after Nero's time 3.41 gr., the amount of pure silver being so reduced that it was worth only about $0.12. Its value subsequently sank more and more, until at the beginning of the third century A.D. it was worth only $0.06. When at the end of the third century Diocletian introduced a new silver coin of full value according to the Neronian standard (the so-called argenteus), the name denarius was transferred to a small copper coin. See numismatics.