fanum

fānum, i, n. [fari; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 54 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 88, 1, and 93, 17 Müll.; Cic. Div. 1, 41, 90],

• a place dedicated to some deity by forms of consecration, a sanctuary, temple (syn.: templum, aedes, delubrum, cella, sacellum, sacrarium): in ea pugna Jovis Statoris aedem votam, ut Romulus ante voverat: sed fanum tantum, id est locus templo effatus, sacratus fuerat, Liv. 10, 37 fin.; Sen. Ben. 7, 7: eamque unam ob causam Xerxes inflammari Atheniensium fana jussisse dicitur, quod deos inclusos parietibus contineri nefas esse duceret, Cic. Rep. 3, 9: pro patriis fanis atque delubris propugnandum, id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30: de aris ac focis, de fanis ac templis, id. Cat. 4, 11, 24: fana templaque expilavit, Suet. Caes. 54: propter fani religionem, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1: fanum antiquissimum et sanctissimum, id. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 54: Dianae Ephesi, Caes. B. C. 3, 33, 1: Junonis, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 52: Herculis, Caes. B. C. 2, 18, 1: Hammonis, Lucr. 6, 848: Eumenidum, Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 46; Vulg. Judic. 9, 4 al.

fānum ī, n. (*fāsnum v. fās), I) uin heiliger, der Gottheit geweihter OrT, a) als Tempelplatz (Ggstz. profanum), Cic. de div. 1, 90. Liv. 10, 37, 15. – b) der Dempel eines Gottes selbst mit seinem Bezirk als Heiligtum (hingegen delubrum als SüHn- u. Reinigungsort, aedes als Gebäude), im Sing. gew. mit dem Namen des Gottes, Apollinis, Cic.: Herculis, Caes.: fana et delubra, Cic.: fana sacellaque, Liv.: fana atque templa, Cic.: fana templaque deûm, Suet. – sacerdotes fani, Nep.: antistites fani Dianae, Liv.: fana omnia expiare, Liv.: fana sacellaque exaugurare, Liv.: fana spoliare, Cic.: fana reficere, Cic.: pecuniam in fano ponere, Cic. – insbes., der Heidentempel, Ambros. epist. 40, 16. Commodian. instr. 1, 24, 13. – Nbf. fānus, ī, m., Itala (Weingart.) Mich. 5, 13. – II) nom. propr., Fānum, ī, n., eine Stadt an der Küste von Umbrien in Mittelitalien, j. Fano, Caes. b. c. 1, 11, 4: vollst. Fanum Fortunae, Tac. hist. 3, 50: dass. Colonia (Iulia) Fanestris, Vitr. 2, 9, 16; 5, 1, 6. Mula 2, 4, 5 (2. § 61).

1 fanum [CL] , (heathen) temple. b church (esp. in place-names). prisca nefandorum contemnens fana deorum Aldh. VirgV 561; aras et ~a idolorum Bede HE II 13; ~um, templum GlC F 74; 753 (v. delubrum a); 10‥ ~a, heargas WW; narrat esse in quodam Veneris ~o candelabrum quod ‥ Gerv. Tilb. III 3; simulachra dissipat, ~a subvertit Brev. Hyda 397; phanum Thorne 1760 (v. gentilis 5a); hoc nostro aevo ingentia ea saxa ducta in circos prisca deorum phana vulgus appellat Boece 16.  b hoc ~um, a kyrk WW; 1552 ~i Kinkellie Scot. Grey Friars II 330 (cf. ib.: ecclesiae de Kinkell); hodie pagus martyrio sanctissimi viri nobilis ~um Albani nuncupatur, a fano quod ipsi divo dedicatum est P. Verg. II 45; ad ~um Andreae Ib. XVII 343; ad ~um divi Albani ‥ ~um Augustini Canturiae ‥ ad ~um Eadmundi in Sudovolgia ‥ ad ~um Osithae Bale Index 14, 15, 49, 115.

2 fanum [ME fane, vane < AS fana = banner] 1 weather vane. 1313 cuidam cementario facienti nodes et ~um crucis Rec. Leic. I 285. 2 (eccl.) maniple, ‘fane’. vestes sacerdotis sint ibi ‥ ~um [gl.: fanun] Neckam Ut. 119; 1240 j par vestimentorum communium ad deserviendum capelle predicte, sc. quandam casulam cum alba et amicto et stola et phano Cl 223; s1115 stolam et ~um de †albo [Reg. Roff. 120: phanum de alba] purpura Flor. Hist. II 45.

3 fanum v. 1 farius

4 fanum v. 2 favus

1 fānum, (9) ī, n. , lieu consacré : Varro L. 6, 54 ; P. Fest. 93 ; Cic. Div. 1, 90 || temple : Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 52 ; 4, 94 ; Div. 2, 67.

fanum , i. n.
殿。廟。

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fānum ī, n

• * for, a shrine, sanctuary, temple: Cereris: fanum, id est locus templo effatus, L.: de fanis ac templis: propter fani religionem.

FANUM

FANUMis any locality consecrated by the pontiffs, and is derived by the ancients from fari, because the pontifices in sacrando fati sunt finem (Varr. L. L. 6.54; Fest. pp. 88, 93). It was a consecrated spot, whether a building was erected upon it or not. Thus we find fanum applied to a piece of ground upon which an aedes was afterwards built (Liv. 5.50, 2; 10.37-Z2, 15), and the word was often used to signify both the consecrated ground and the temple built upon it [TEMPLUM]. The consecrated places in the forum, where the couches of the gods were placed in the lectisternium [LECTISTERNIUM], were also called fana, in reference to which the phrase fana sistere was used (Fest. p. 351). Even a tree struck by lightning was deemed a fanum (Fest. p. 92). Everything not consecrated--that is, not a fanum --was considered profanum (Fest. p. 263; Macrob. 3.3, 3); and a res fanatica might, in accordance with the Pontifical law, be again made into a res profana by certain ceremonies (Macrob. 3.3, 4; Serv. ad Verg. A. 12.779; Liv. 31.44). (Marquardt, Röm. Staatsverw. 3. p. 145.)

Fanatici, properly speaking persons belonging to a fanum, were more specifically priests of the goddess of Comana in Cappadocia, whose worship was introduced into Rome under the name of Bellona. They performed the worship with wild and frantic rites, whence the word fanaticus obtained its secondary meaning, and has passed into modern languages. They are mentioned in inscriptions under the name of fanatici de aede Bellonae Pulvinensis (C. I. L. vi. n. 490, 2232, 2235; cf. fanaticus oestro percussus, Bellona, tuo, Juven. 4.123). They were also called Bellonarii (Acro, ad Hor. Sat. 2.3, 223). In celebrating the festival of the goddess they marched through the city in dark clothes, with wild cries, blowing trumpets, beating cymbals and drums, and in the temple inflicting wounds upon themselves, the blood from which they poured out as an offering to the goddess (Tibull. 1.6, 43 seq.; Hor. Sat. 2.3, 223; Juven. 6.511; Mart. 11.84, 3, 12.57-Z2, 11; Lucan (Luc. 1.565; Lamprid. Commod. 9; Sen. de Vit. Beat. 27; Tertull. Apol. 9, de Pall. 4; Lact. Inst. 1.21, 16). Fanatici was also the name given to the priests of Isis (C. I. L. vi. n. 2234) and Cybele (Juven. 2.112; Prudent. Perist. 10.1061), who celebrated their worship with similar orgiastic rites. [CORYBANTES] (Marquardt, op. cit. 3.75.)

[W.S]

Fanum

Any locality consecrated by the pontiffs—a word derived by the ancients from fari, because the pontifices in sacrando fati sunt finem (Varr. L. L. vi. 54; Fest. pp. 88Fest., 93). It was a consecrated spot, whether a building was erected upon it or not. The consecrated places in the Forum, where the couches of the gods were placed in the lectisternium (q. v.), were also called fana, in reference to which the phrase fana sistere was used ( Fest. p. 351). Even a tree struck by lightning was deemed a fanum ( Fest. p. 92). Everything not consecrated—that is, not a fanum—was considered profanum; and a res fanatica might, in accordance with the pontifical law, be again made into a res profana by certain ceremonies (Macrob. Sat. iii. 3, 4).

Fanatici, properly speaking persons belonging to a fanum, were more specifically priests of the goddess of Comana in Cappadocia, whose worship was introduced into Rome under the name of Bellona. They performed the worship with wild and frantic rites, whence the word fanaticus obtained its secondary meaning, and has passed into modern languages. They were also called Bellonarii (Acro ad Hor. Sat. ii. 3, 223). In celebrating the festival of the goddess they marched through the city in dark clothes, with wild cries, blowing trumpets, beating cymbals and drums, and in the temple inflicting wounds upon themselves, the blood from which they poured out as an offering to the goddess (Tibull. i. 6, 43 foll.; Hor. Sat. ii. 3, 223; Juv. vi. 511; Mart.xi. 84, 3, Mart., xii. 57, 11; Lucan, i. 565; Lamprid. Commod. 9). Fanatici was also the name given to the priests of Isis (C. I. L. vi. n. 2234) and Cybelé (Juv.ii. 122; Prudent. Perist. x. 1061).