habena

hăbēna, ae, f. [habeo; lit., that by which a thing is held; hence, in partic.], a thong, strap.

• I Lit.: ille (turbo) actus habenā, Verg. A. 7, 380: cum jaculum parvā Libys amentavit habenā, Luc. 6, 221: Balearis tortor habenae, id. 3, 710: in scalis latuit metuens pendentis habenae, i.e. of the whip-lash, whip, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 15: molles galeae habenae, Val. Fl. 6, 365: plantarum calces tantum infimae teguntur: cetera prope nuda et teretibus habenis vincta sunt, shoestrings, Gell. 13, 21, 5.—
• • B Esp., a rein (usually in plur.; cf.: lorum, corrigia): exhortatur equos, quorum per colla jubasque Excutit habenas, Ov. M. 5, 404; cf.: omnes effundit habenas, Verg. A. 5, 818; so of the reins, id. ib. 10, 576; 11, 600; 670; 765 et saep.: quam potuit effusissimis habenis, stationem hostium invadit, Liv. 37, 20, 10.—Poet.: pedes aequat habenas, the riders, Val. Fl. 6, 95.—
• II Transf.
• • A A small strip of diseased flesh cut out from the body: tenuis excidenda habena est, Cels. 7, 17 fin.; cf.: habenula.—Far more freq.,
  • B In gen., a rein; also abstr., direction, management, government: quis regere immensi summam, quis habere profundi indu manu validas potis est moderanter habenas? Lucr. 2, 1096: fluminibus vestris totas immittite habenas, give the reins to, Ov. M. 1, 280; Val. Fl. 6, 391: (ventis) regem dedit, qui foedere certo Et premere et laxas sciret dare jussus habenas, Verg. A. 1, 63: furit immissis Vulcanus habenis, id. ib. 5, 662: classique immittit habenas, id. ib. 6, 1; cf. Lucr. 5, 787; Verg. G. 2, 364: vates rege vatis habenas, Ov. F. 1, 25: legum, Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 166: commodissimum est quam laxissimas habenas habere amicitiae, quas vel adducas cum velis vel remittas, Cic. Lael. 13, 45: alicui moderandi et regendi sui potestatem quasi quasdam habenas tradere, id. de Or. 1, 52, 226; id. Rep. 1, 5: accepisse Numam populi Latialis habenas, Ov. M. 15, 481; cf. also: rerumque reliquit habenas, Verg. A. 7, 600: linquam datas habenas, Val. Fl. 1, 560: irarumque omnes effundit habenas, Verg. A. 12, 499.—In sing.: Latiae diffisus habenae, i.e. of the Roman dominion, Sil. 13, 34; Gell. 14, 1, 4.

habēna, ae, f. (habeo), eig. die »Halte«, dah. I) der Riemen, womit man etwas anhält od. nachläßt, 1) eig., der R. des Wurfspießes, Lucan.: der Schleuder, Verg.; meton. = die Schleuder selbst, Lucan.: des Helms, Val. Flacc.: der Schuhriemen, Gell.: der Geißel od. Peitsche, u. meton. = die Geißel od. Peitsche selbst, Hor. u.a. – 2) übtr., ein Streifen der Haut, der ausgeschnitten wird, tenuis habena excīdenda est, Cels. 7, 17. – II) insbes., der Zügel (gew. im Plur.), A) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: habenas effundere, Verg., od. admittere, Val. Flacc., immittere, Val. Flacc., od. dare, Varro fr. u. Verg., schießen lassen, verhängen: habenas adducere od. premere, anziehen, Verg.: dass. habenas comprimere, Claud. u. Anthol. – 2) poet. übtr., von den Segeln, immittit habenas classi, er fährt mit vollen Segeln, Verg.: nec moderator (navis) habenis utitur, gebraucht die Segel, Ov. – B) bildl.: 1) im allg.: habenae legum, trag. incert. bei Cic.: amicitiae habenas adducere, remittere, Cic.: fluminibus immittere totas habenas, Ov.: irarum omnes effundit habenas, Verg.: furit immissis Vulcanus habenis, Verg. – 2) insbes., die Zügel = Lenkung, Leitung, Regierung, populi, Ov.: rerum (des Staates), Verg.: tenendae rei publicae habenas probrosā ignaviā et desperatione laxavit, Eutr. – ➳ vulg. avēna, Dracont. carm. 6, 76.

habena [CL] 1 (usu. pl.) rein. b sling. in acceptione ~arum ‥ equi quas nunc in manibus teneo V. Cuthb. II 8; ~is, geþaldleðrum GlC H 37; petulanter habenas / solvit equo fidens Alcuin SS Ebor 1183; hec ~a, unde hec habenula; ‥ ~a, capistrum, quod et coria dicitur ‥ et auria, eo quod circa aures vincitur Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 267, 275; equus ‥ rectore carens ‥ laxatis ~is Ord. Vit. IX 9 p. 531; hec abena, redne Gl. AN Glasg. 21rc; ~a, A. a rayne WW.  b J. Exon. BT VI 225 (v. glandifluus). 2 (fig.) control, rule. b (w. liber) complete freedom. sprevit opum nodos, mundique reliquit habenas Aldh. VirgV 2103; 790 totius animi mei ~as in laetitiam laxavi Alcuin Ep. 139; regales rexit habenas Id. WillV 9. 1; abenas Frith. 862 (v. ha); binas ~as sacro moderamine tenens, legis videlicet et theoricae necnon et practicae vitae B. V. Dunst. 13; 1033 (12c) (v. damnatio 2); mater grammatica ‥ ~as laxavit Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 265; malo ‥ moderationis ~a calamum cohibere quam ‥ J. Sal. Ep. 192 (202 p. 298); ambitioni stringit ~as Gir. IK I 3; 1234 (v. dissolutio 4b); Trevet Troades 53 (v. gubernaculum 2b).  b 1277 restituit Johanne ‥ terram de C. nudam et absque instauro; et eidem liberas ~as concessit divertendi se quocunque voluerit Cl 94 m. 6d.; 1494 Thomas P. evincularetur sicque suis liberis gaudere posset ~is, ac suo prioratui ‥ realiter restitueretur DCCant. Register/S f. 400a; si ‥ actor ‥ fecerit fidem quod femina contra quam agit remanet cum suis parentibus ‥ et ‥ non gaudet liberis suis ~is, ‥ Praxis 268.

hăbēna, (10) æ, f. (habeo), ¶ 1 courroie : Virg. En. 7, 380 || courroie de fronde : Luc. 3, 710 || lanière, fouet, étrivières : Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 15 || lanière, bande de chair : Cels. Med. 7, 27 ¶ 2 bride, rênes, guides [ordin^t au pl.] : Virg. En. 5, 818 ; conversis habenis Virg. En. 11, 713, tournant bride ; effusissimis habenis Liv. 37, 20, 10, à toute bride || [par ext.] la cavalerie : Val. Flacc. 6, 95 || [fig.] adducere vel remittere habenas amicitiæ Cic. Læl. 45, serrer ou relâcher la bride de lʼamitié ; classi immittere habenas Virg. En. 6, 1, lâcher la bride à la flotte ; Latiæ diffisus habenæ Sil. 13, 34, se défiant du joug de Rome ¶ 3 [métaph.] ligament, fibre, radicelle : Gell. 13, 21, 5.

habena , ae. f.
韁繩。拉扯。鞭。銜。石套 把。權。勢力。 Non audit currus habenas 車馬不順拉扯。Habenas amicitiae remittere 交友無所諱。 Habenas fundere 鬆轡。Habenas supprimere vel colligere 收轡。 Pedes aequat habenas 步兵同埒馬兵。

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habēna ae, f

• HAB-, a holder, halter, rein: laeva, H.—Usu. plur: equorum per colla Excutit habenas, O.: omnīs effundit habenas, V.: effusissimis habenis, L.—A thong, strap: (turbo) actus habenā, V.: metuens pendentis habenae, i. e. the lash, H.—Fig., only plur, the reins, direction, management, government: regum, C.poët.: Fluminibus totas inmittite habenas, give the reins to, O.: furit inmissis Volcanus habenis, V.: classi inmittit habenas, V.: laxissimas habenas habere amicitiae: populi, O.: rerum, of the state, V.

HABENA

HABE´NAor--AE (mostly plural: τὰ ἡνία, αἱ ἡνίαι) was, generally speaking, a leathern thong, by means of which things were held, bound, drawn, or fastened. Hence the word was in particular applied--1. To the reins by means of which horses were guided and managed (Verg. A. 10.576, 11.670-Z2, 765, 12.327-Z2). The habenae were, as with us, fixed to the bit or bridle [FRENUM]. 2. To the thong attached to a lance, by which it was held and wielded (Lucan (Luc. 6.218); called also flagellum (Verg. A. 7.731), and more usually amentum [HASTAp. 935b ]. 3. To the thong which was formed into a sling, by means of which stones were thrown (Lucan (Luc. 3.710; Valer. Flacc. 5.608). [FUNDA] 4. To straps by which low shoes (soleae) or sandals were fastened to the feet (Gellius (Gell. 13.21.4). 5. To the thong of a whip for chastising young slaves (Hor. Ep. 2.2, 15; Ov. Her. 9.81), or for whipping a top (Verg. A. 7.380). The habena was one of the milder forms of corporal punishment (Dig. 29, tit. 5, s. 33, impuberes servi terreri tantum solent, et habena vel ferula caedi; Marquardt, Privatl. 173).

[L.S] [W.W]

Habēna

(1) (ἡνίαι). Mostly in the plural. Reins for driving; hence ἡνίοχος, a charioteer or driver.

(2) (ῥυταγωγεύς). A halter-rope (Ammian.xix. 8, 7).

(3) The sheets of a sail—i. e. the ropes by which the lower ends of the sail are braced or slacked (Val. Flacc. iv. 679).

(4) The word is also used in general of any strap or thong, as the strap of a spear (see amentum), the thong of a sandal (Gell.xiii.21.2), of a helmet (Val. Flacc. vi. 365), the thong of a whip (Ovid, Her. ix. 81), and in medicine, a bandage (Suet. Aug. 80).