mansio

mansĭo, ōnis, f. [maneo], a staying, remaining, stay, continuance.

• I Lit. (class.): is saepe mecum de tua mansione, aut decessione communicat, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 5: mansio Formiis, id. Att. 9, 5, 1: excessus e vita et in vita mansio, id. Fin. 3, 18, 60: cautior certe est mansio, id. Att. 8, 15, 2: diutinae Lemni, Ter. Phorm. 1012: crebrae ad amicam, i. e. visits, Turp. ap. Non. 132, 16.—
• II Transf. (post-Aug.), a place of abode, a dwelling, habitation.
• • A In gen.: pecorum mansio, Plin. 18, 23, 53, § 194: aestivae, hibernae, vernae, auctumnales, Pall. 1, 9, 5; 1, 12: mansionem apud eum faciemus, Vulg. Joann. 14, 23: multae mansiones, id. ib. 14, 2.—
  • B Esp.
  • • 1 Night-quarters, lodging-place, inn; also, as a measure of days’ journeys, a stopping or haltingplace, station: deinde ad primam statim mansionem febrim nactus, Suet. Tib. 10: a quo (monte) octo mansionibus distat regio, etc., i. e. stations, days’ journeys, Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 52: aquationum ratione mansionibus dispositis, id. 6, 23, 26, § 102: continuatis mansionibus, Just. 13, 8, 5.—
    • 2 Mala mansio, bad quarters, a kind of punishment in which the culprit was stretched out and tied fast to a board, Dig. 47, 10, 15; 16, 3, 7.

mānsio, ōnis, f. (maneo), I) das Bleiben, der Aufenthalt, 1) eig. (Ggstz. decessio, discessus, excessus), Cic. u.a.: mansio Formiis, Cic.: et excessus e vita et in vita mansio, Cic.: mansiones diutinae Lemni, Cic. – 2) übtr., der Fortbestand-, aevi mansio perpetua et immutabilis, Chalcid. Tim. 38 A: aevi propria mansio, ibid. 25. – II) meton.: 1) der Aufenthaltsort = der Aufenthalt, die Wohnung für Menschen u. Vieh, Plin. u. Pallad.: mansio commodior, Porphyr. Hor. sat. 1, 1, 75. – 2) insbes.: a) das Nachtlager, die Herberge, Station (griech. σταθμός), u. da man die Tagereisen nach den einzelnen Nachtlagern rechnete, auch für Tagereise, prima, Suet.: mansiones octo, Plin.: mans. camelorum, Ort, wo die Kamele Halt machen, um zu saufen, Plin. – m. mala, schlechtes Quartier (eine Art Folter, auf der der Verbrecher auf ein Brett lang gestreckt angebunden bleibt, bis er gesteht), etwa »die Latten«, ICt. – b) das Beiwohnen, der Beischlaf, muliebris, Moys. et Rom. leg. coll. 5, 1.

mansio [CL] 1 fact of remaining, continuance in a condition. b (mala ~o) form of torture. ut aliquid tingat ad ~onem, oportet ut habeat viscositatem ex qua cohereat rei tingende Quaest. Salern. B 180; constantia est postquam res aggresse sunt eadem et continua animi ~o W. Donc. Aph. Phil. 3. 25.  b licet pedes regis in compedibus non humiliaverit, importunitate tamen custodum plus ad malam ~onem perduxit, quam si ‥ artasset in vinculis Diceto YH 106. 2 act of remaining in a place, halt in a journey. ~o ‥ in media via facta est V. Cuthb. IV 5; 799 festina rescribere mihi, quantum sciri posset tempus ~onis tuae apud Sanctum Amandum Alcuin Ep. 165. 3 place in which one remains, dwelling; b (fig.); c (w. ref. to Joh. xiv 2). d resting place of a corpse, tomb, grave. e dwelling place of an animal. dedit ‥ eis ~onem in civitate Bede HE I 25 p. 46; in vico regio, qui dicitur Rendlaesham, id est ~o Rendili Ib. III 22 p. 174; 795 si de meo requiris itinere, ‥ per quam viam nescio, quia illius ignoro egressionem de Saxonia vel hiemalem ~onem Alcuin Ep. 49; gaudio caret an spes in ~one [AS: to hame] restat Prov. Durh. 30; dicebat ‥ se ‥ maria ‥ circuire ut locum ~onis haberet G. Mon. III 12; oppida in quibus Judei ~onem habebant Gir. PI I 17 p. 65; ~onis tue construe habitaculum, edifica monasterium J. Furness Kentig. 23 p. 201; videns fumum ignis de spelunca hominis Dei ascendentem, indignanter admirabatur ‥ qua ‥ fronte auderet aliquis in bosco suo ~onem sibi facere sine ipsius licencia Chr. Dale 4; 1326 extranei adventicii qui ~ones suas conducant de variis et nichil tenent de domino communicant in marisco cum bestiis suis et alia proficua capiunt in communa et vocantur Undersetles CBaron 146.  b unaquaeque virtus ~o Dei dicitur Comm. Cant. III 141; corrige, quaeso, tuos mores et verba vel actus, / ut tua in his sancta reputetur mansio turmis Alcuin SS Ebor 1004; 735 in celestibus ~onibus Bonif. Ep. 35; opus ergo et ~o totius Trinitatis humanitas Pull. Sent. 782B; [Domine] regnum, rex, sponsus, mansio requiei J. Howd. Cant. 244; [Jhesu] sine quo nec solacium / nec luminis officium / mentis habebit mansio Id. Cyth. 101. 12.  c c801 (v. mansionarius 2b).  d a1162 sciatis me concessisse ‥ ecclesie beate Marie Linc’ e[and]em libertatem quam rex Willelmus ‥ concessit edificationi predicte ecclesie et ~onibus cimiterii ejusdem ecclesie (Ch.) EHR XXIV 310; ob quod foris juxta parietem, feretro superpositus, sortitus est ~onem Hist. Arthuri 88; rex vero raptus est ad paratam sibi ~onem Ib. 90.  e c705 examina apum ‥ linquente brumalia ~onum receptacula ‥ ad aethera glomerant Aldh. Ep. 9 p. 501; per memoriam redeunt apes et aves ad suas ~ones J. Blund An. 290. 4 house. b (eccl. & mon.) house for clergy, manse. c mansion, palace. d prison cell. de mea casula et ~one egrediens Bede CuthbP 27 p. 246; 832 reddo ~onem quoque quae est in aquiloni parte Doroberniae muris et clausulam, quod Angli dicunt teage, quae pertinet ad praedictam ~onem CS 402; 1085 episcopum ‥ concessit illi eandem terram, ea conventione ut ‥ homines episcopi ‥ de silva accipiant ligna, solummodo ad opus episcopi quantum sibi necesse erit ad comburendum, et ad ~ones restaurandas ‥ (Chirog.) EHR XLIV 372; cyricsceattum debet homo reddere a culmine et a ~one [AS: to þam heorðe] ubi residens erit in natali (Quad.) GAS 117; pauperum et infirmorum ~onibus Canon. G. Sempr. f. 119; c1190 illam karuchatam terre ‥ cum masione FormA 51; omnes cellule ~onum ‥ ex uno solidoque lapide sculpta sint Greg. Mir. Rom. 11; s1382 capella S. J. Baptiste extra Leycestriam prope ~onem leprosorum Knighton Cont. II 182; 1443 quando primo intraverant villam antedictam pro annuali stipendio dato Thome Delgate, cujus erat ipsa mancio Paston Let. 871.  b si quis ad ecclesie ~onem [AS: mynsterhama] pro quacumque culpa confugiat (Quad.) GAS 49; qualiter ipsum virginis monasterium ambiatur quatuor ~onibus alborum monacorum Lucian Chester 58; ~ones sive hospicia canonicalia Stat. Linc. 211; juxta ~onem abbatis Sancti Augustini MGL I 556; c1520 ecclesias suas ~ones et domos ecclesiasticas Conc. Scot. I p. cclxxii.  c Mariae et beatissimo incolae ejus Adriano ‥ regiam ~onem ‥ perpetualiter largitus est Gosc. Transl. Aug. 36C; de concilio apud regiam illam ~onem que Clarunde dicitur convocato H. Bos. Thom. 1086C; rus Ammonis dicitur mansio regalis Poem S. Thom. 73.  d carseres debitis mancionibus [gl.: espaces] distincti Neckam Ut. 105. 5 measure of land, hide. cum terra xxx ~onum Eddi 8; 777 subregulo meo ‥ aliquam terrae portionem ‥ attribuo, id est viculus qui nuncupatur ad Segcesbearuue, iiij ~ones CS 223; 838 parsiunculam terre ‥ id est unius ~onis quae ab incolis nominatur se Eastrestadelham CS 419; c1080 cuidam Giraldo ‥ quandam terre ~onem, †quam [l. quae] Anglica lingua uuerc appellatur, ‥ concedo Ch. Westm. 234; huic manerio adjacent iij ~ones terrae in Rouecestre DB I 8ra; in burgo de S. habet rex ‥ viij vastas ~ones DB I 246ra; ~o vicariorum continet in spacio longitudinis vie ‥ ccxl gressus W. Worc. Itin. 288. 6 manor. 1070 quedam concedo ecclesie Sancti Augustini ‥ hec sunt ecclesie et decime duarum ~onum, viz. Fauersham et Middeltona Regesta I p. 119; quando recepit [sc. Chivele] valebat xx libras excepta firma ij tainorum que in ~one erat DB I 69vb; nascitur illa angelica rosa in regno paterno, in regione Cantie, in regia ~one [ib. (I): vico] nuncupata Kymesinthia Gosc. Edith (II) 41; †1095 do ‥ ~onem de Berwic et cum ista ~one has subscriptas ~ones, sc. Greiden, Leinhale, Dilsterhale ‥ E. Ch. Scot. 15; sit xl noctibus in carcere ad ~onem regiam [AS: on cyninges tune] (Quad) GAS 49; si quis ab una ~oni [AS: boldgetale] in aliam transire velit (Ib.) Ib. 71; ~o ‥ poterit esse constructa ex pluribus domibus, vel una que erit habitatio una et sola sine vicino, etiam etsi alia ~o fuerit vicinata non erit villa, quia villa est ex pluribus ~onibus vicinata et collecta Bracton f. 434; 1490 de ‥ vigenti terris husbandriis cum ~one dicta le Wolt ExchScot 130. 7 (astr) house, mansion, station of a celestial body: a part of the zodiac through which the moon passes in a day. b part of the zodiac in which a planet is ‘at home’. a secundum motum et diversas lune ~ones dies creticos computare D. Morley 32; ~o ‥ est spacium zodiaci quod pertransit Luna in die Bacon Maj. I 384.  b decimum Capricorni [signum] ‥ brumali solstitio dedicat ~onem Bede Temp. 16; luna Veneri applicans in ~onibus humidis ymbres futuros nuntiat Rob. Angl. (II) 165.

mānsĭō, (14) ōnis, f. (maneo), ¶ 1 action de rester, de demeurer, séjour, séjournement : Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 5 ; Att. 9, 5, 1 ; Fin. 3, 60 ¶ 2 lieu de séjour, habitation, demeure : Plin. 18, 194 ; Pall. 1, 9, 5 || auberge, gîte dʼétape : Suet. Tit. 10 ; Plin. 12, 52 || mala mansio Dig. 16, 3, 7 ; 47, 10, 15, le dur séjour [le criminel était attaché tout du long sur une planche jusquʼà ce quʼil avouât].

mansio , onis. f. (maneo.)
在不别。店。留處。Mala mansio 罸奴之木馬。 Mansionibus octo distat 離八程。

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mānsiō ōnis, f

• 1 MAN-, a staying, remaining, stay, continuance: de tuā mansione communicat: Formiis: cautior certe est mansio: mansiones diutinae Lemnī, T.

MANSIO

MA´NSIO(σταθμός). When the kings of Persia, and afterwards the Romans, constructed the great roads through their empires, there naturally sprung up certain resting-places, where travellers stayed for the night, or refreshed themselves. The term σταθμός, which primarily meant a lonely habitation for shepherds and their flocks, was applied by the Greeks to these stations. Herodotus (Hdt. 5.52) gives a full account of the royal road which ran from Sardes to Susa (and from Sardes to Ephesus, id. 5.54). There were stations and halting-places (σταθμοὶ βασιλήϊοι κιὰ καταλύσιες) all along it, 20 within the limits of Phrygia and Lydia, a distance of 944 parasangs (about 320 English miles); in Cappadocia, a distance of 104 parasangs, there were 28 stations; in Cilicia, a distance of 15 1/2 parasangs, there were 3; in Armenia, in a space of 56 1/2 parasangs, there were 15, and so on, making 111 σταθμοὶ in all. The whole distance is estimated at 13,500 stades, so that the average number of stades in each stathmus was about 121, or just 4 parasangs (less than 14 English miles). But as Herodotus (loc. cit.) puts the average day's journey at 150 stades, it is evident that the stathmi were frequently a less distance apart than a usual day's journey. As a matter of fact the day's journey varied in different regions, for Herodotus, when discussing the extent of Scythia (4.101), makes the day's journey amount to 200 stades. It is plain from Herodotus (loc. cit.) and Xenophon (Xen. Anab. 1.2) that the stathmi were situated at very irregular intervals. The term σταθμὸς naturally came to be used of the distance or stage between the halting-places. Hence Herodotus, to distinguish the halting-places themselves, uses in one place the phrase καταγωγαὶ σταθμῶν, in another σταθμοὶ καταγωγέων. Xenophon, who employs σταθμὸς as a measure of distance, finds it necessary, on account of the varying distances between the stopping-places, to specify the number of parasangs in every case. These halting-places, which were naturally situated at fertile and well-watered spots, would be more numerous in the more fertile regions: cf. Polyaenus (Polyaen. 7.40, 1), τῆς Περσίδος, ἔνθα κῶμαι πολλαὶ καὶ λεὼς πολὺς καὶ σταθμοὶ πολλοί. There would be in those places inns for the accommodation of travellers (κατάλυμα, πανδοκεῖον). As the great ancient roads of Asia still form the main highways for caravans, there is every probability that the modern Khan or Caravanserai represents the ancient κατάλυμα. The Khan is usually a square building, enclosing a large open court, surrounded by balconies with a series of doors, entering into plain unfurnished apartments, and often with a fountain in the middle of the court. The Great King seems sometimes to have settled conquered peoples in these stations; for instance, Darius planted the captive Eretrians at Ardericca (τῆς Κισσίης χωρῆς κατοίκισε ἐν σταθμῷ ἑωυτοῦ, τῷ οὔνομά ἐστιν Ἀρδέρικκα, Hdt. 6.119). Treatises, or handbooks to these σταθμοί, were composed, one by Baeto (Athenaeus (Athen. 10.442 b, Βαίτων ὁ Ἀλεξάνδρου βηματιστὴς ἐν τῷ ἐπιγραφομένῳ Σταθμοὶ τῆς Ἀλεξάνδρου πορείας), and another by Amyntas, called simply οἱ Σταθμοί (id. ib.) or Σταθμοί Περσικοί (id. 2.67 a), or οἱ τῆς Ἀσίας σταθμοὶ (id. 11.500 d). Arrian (Arr. Anab. 1.2, 1) uses σταθμὸς as a definite measure of distance without any reference to parasangs or stades (ἀπέχει δὲ οὗτος ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἴστρου, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸν Αἷμον ἰόντι σταθμοὺς τρεῖς). From this it would appear that some average day's journey was taken as a σταθμός. Herodotus (Hdt. 8.98), speaking of the Persian couriers (ἄγγαροι), tells us that the road was divided into portions, corresponding to the distance that a man and horse could traverse in a day (at a high rate of speed), and Xenophon (Xen. Cyrop. 8.6, 17) ascribes this institution to Cyrus, who, having found out what distance a horse could do in a (lay, divided the roads into corresponding stages, built stables (ἱππῶνες), placed couriers and horses, and a man in charge at each station.

When Augustus organised the Roman empire, he established an Imperial Postal System (Suet. Aug. 49), which conveyed despatches from station to station by means of couriers, who were called under the Empire Speculatores, corresponding to the tabellarii of the Republican period. (Tac. Hist. 2.73; Suet. Cal. 44; cf. Liv. 31.24.) For this purpose the stations (stationes) were divided into mansiones and mutationes. The former were places where travellers rested for the night (cf. Hor. Sat. 1.5, 9, mansuri oppidulo, for this use of manere), and where there were inns (deversorium, caupona, hospitium, taberna), or stopped for refreshment; there were often likewise houses (palatia) for the accommodation of the provincial governors, or the emperor himself, in case he passed that way. The mutationes (cf. the late Greek ἀλλαγαί were mere posting-houses for the changing of horses. The word mansio, from meaning a stopping-place at the end of a day's journey, came to be used like σταθμὸς as a measure of distance (Suet. Tib. 10, deinde ad primam statim mansionem febrim nactus; Plin. Nat.12.52, a quo [monte ] octo mansionibus distat regio). There were usually four or five mutationes to one mansio. The Itinerarium a Burdigala Hierusalem usque, a guide-book composed about the time of Constantine the Great, mentions in order the mansiones from Bordeaux to Jerusalem, with the intervening mutationes, and the more considerable places near the road, which are called either civitates, vici, or castella, and the distances are given in leagues (leugae) or miles (milia). [Compare CURSUS PUBLICUS]

[W.RI]

Mansio

(σταθμός). A posting-station. See cursus publicus.