patella

pătella, ae, f. dim. [patina], a small pan or dish, a plate; a vessel used in cooking, and also to serve up food in.

• I Lit., Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 681 P.: patella esurienti posita, id. ap. Non. 543, 33; Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 2; Mart. 5, 78, 7; Juv. 10, 64: sinapi in patellis decoctum, Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171: cicadae tostae in patellis, id. 30, 8, 21, § 68.—
• • B In partic., a vessel used in sacrifices, an offering - dish: patellae vasula parva picata sacris faciendis apta, Fest. pp. 248 and 249 Müll.: oportet bonum civem legibus parere et deos colere, in patellam dare, μικρον κρεας, Varr. ap. Non. 544; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 46: edere de patellā, of sacrilegious persons, id. Fin. 2, 7, 22 Madv. ad loc.; Liv. 26, 36; Ov. F. 6, 310; 2, 634; Pers. 3, 26; Val. Max. 4, 4, 3 al.—
• II Transf.
• • A The kneepan, patella, Cels. 8, 1 fin.; 8, 21.—
  • B A disease of the olive-tree, Plin. 17, 24. 37, § 223

1. patella, ae, f. (Demin. v. patera), I) ein flaches Geschirr, worin die Speisen gekocht und aufgetragen wurden, die Schüssel, Platte, 1) im allg.: a) eig., Varro fr., Plin. u.a. – Sprichw., invenit patella operculum, gleiche Brüder, gleiche Kappen, Hieron. epist. 127, 9; u. so accessit huic patellae dignum operculum, Hieron. epist. 7, 5. – b) meton., eine Art Backwerk, Th. Prisc. 2. chr. 18. – 2) insbes., der Opferteller, die Opferplatte, Cic. u.a.: deorum, Val. Max.: dah. edere de patella, etwa = sich an dem Altare zu Tische setzen (v. Religionsverächtern), Cic. de fin. 2, 22. – II) übtr., die Kniescheibe, Cels. 8, 1. p. 308, 21 u. 8, 21. p. 360, 30 D.

patella [CL], 1 patellus, ~um 1 metal or earthenware vessel, pan, cauldron, dish, bowl, or bucket; b (dist. acc. use); c (in gl.). ~a, panne Ælf. Gl. 123; in coquina sint ‥ aenum, ~a [gl.: paele], sartago Neckam Ut. 97; in pacella ferrata pro coquina Doc. W. Abb. Westm. 172; cacia est parva ~a perforata multis foraminibus SB 15; 1456 pro iij patulis sive ~is de ere ‥ viij lagenarum, altera iij et altera quasi j Cant. Coll. Ox. II 178; patilla, -e, pan Stanbr. Vulg. 11.  b sagina in ~a coctus Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 244; recipe ex eo [sc. sale communi] libram unam et pone in ~am ferream et combure M. Scot Lumen 242; 1250 ~a ‥ parva ad recipiendam pinguedinem aucarum MinAc 766/20d.; c1300 in coquina ‥ una magna ~a in qua disci lavantur FormMan 21; ~as ferreas Cust. Westm. 50 (v. 2 luteus 1a); 1284 pro ‥ ~is ereis ad sagittas pennand’ KR Ac 351/9 m. 15; que cooperta coquuntur sine aqua et que in pastellis v. 1 patellis preparantur Bacon IX 131; 1313 pattella , 1373, 1388, 1436 (v. frixorius a); 1326 una ~a enea cum pedibus ‥ una ~a enea ad friandum Reg. Exon. 568; 1348 (v. 2 frixare); 1351 in j ~a lutea pro lacte custodiendo ij d. ob. Rec. Elton 372; 1553 de ‥ quatuor ~is ad califaciendum, Anglice fower warmyng pannes Pat 852 m. 29.  c eodem modo bachio concurrunt quae sequuntur ut ‥ polentae, ~ae Aldh. PR 123. 2 (~a salinae or sim.) salt pan. 1156 salinas ac ~as salinarum Hadrian IV 114; 1180 concessi ut ‥ monachi habeant aisiamentum ‥ in bosco ‥ ad ~am predicte saline sustinendam Melrose 65; c1200 me concessisse ‥ tantum turbe in marisco versus Vulmarsti quantum sucere potest ad duas ~as saline sue de Vulmarsti Ch. Chester 291; 1220 unam ~am ad sal faciendum CurR VIII 394; 1234 quelibet ~a buliens salem ‥ dabit domino portus semel in anno unum funding salis †et [MS: sc.] salemel que debet esse de xviij pollicibus (DL Misc. Bk. 5 f. 53a) Eng. Justice; c1250 confirmavi ‥ unam salinam cum duabus ~is in villa de B‥ . et turbas ‥ quantum ad easdem ~as poterit sucere et sabulum de bosco meo ad salinam construendam Couch. Furness II 90. 3 plate on which bread is placed at Eucharist, paten. calix cum patela, missale et omnia ornamenta ‥ capelle Reg. S. Aug. 228; 1397 parochiani dicunt quod W. L. detinet de bonis ecclesie unam ~am valoris v s. legatam ‥ ad opus ecclesie Vis. Heref. IV 451. 4 concave metal plate: a (used to support mill-stone); b (part of clock). a 1272 molendinum ‥ in fusill’ et rynde et patell’ emendandis cum iij experduc’ ferri MinAc 935/23; 1279 in ij patell’ ferreis ad illum mol’ [sc. aquaticum] ‥ in ij patell’ ad mol’ ventr’ Ib. 991/19; 1300 in iij experdut’ ferri emptis ad patell’ cum capite axis exterioris Ib. 935/36 ; 1301 in ferro empto ‥ ad patell’ de novo faciend’ Ib. 840/10 ; 1325 in j ~o ferri empto pro predicto ere infra molliendo ad ij nuces pro predictis springaldis inde fundend’ Ib. 1147/23 m. 3; 1327 in j ~a ferr’ ad molendinum empta cum posicione ejusdem et emendacione cuve ejusdem, ij s. Ib. 1141/1 r. 5 .  b 1361 in ‥ stanno empto ac reparacione ~i orilogii Ac. Durh. 384. 5 pan or saucer as stand for candle or lamp. 1372 unam ~am ferream vocatam hers Chanc. Misc. bundle 110 file 11. 6 long-handled instrument, spade, spoon, scoop, scraper. strigilis, ~a vel ferrum unde purgantur equi Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 562; 1460 j patil’ ferr’ ad extrahend’ pisces de patell’ Ac. Durh. 89. 7 (anat.) patella, knee-cap. vulnera fiunt sepius in genibus et crure ‥ . cum ‥ fit vulnus in genu ita ut ~a pro magna parte separetur Gilb. VII 368. 1.

pătella, (12) æ, f. (patera), ¶ 1 patelle, petit plat servant aux sacrifices : Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 46 ; 48 ; Fin. 2, 22 ; P. Fest. 248 ; Non. 544 || plat, assiette : Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 2 ; v. operculum ¶ 2 rotule : Cels. Med. 8, 1 ; 8, 21 ¶ 3 maladie de lʼolivier : Plin. 17, 223.

patella , ae. f.
碟。樹焦乾。膝盖。

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patella ae, f dim.

• patina, a small pan, little dish, platter(for cooking, or serving food): modica, H., Iu.—A vessel used in sacrifices, offeringdish: grandis: edere de patellā (a sacrilege), C., L., O.

PATELLA

PATELLA(λεκάνιον, λεκανίς, λεκανίδιον, λεκανίσκη, λοπάδιον), a small dish or plate. The word is a diminutive of PATINA: a supposed connexion with patera has been a source of error to some writers [PATERA]. 1. The patella was used for holding solid food, meat or vegetables, either in cooking (Plin. Nat.19.171, 30.68), or for serving up at table (Hor. Ep. 1.5, 2; Mart. 5.78, 13.81-Z2; Juven. 5.85). It was usually of earthenware (Mart. 14.114), but sometimes of metal (Juven. 10.64). Marquardt (Privatleben, p. 651) takes the patella used for cooking to be identical with the sartago: it seems more probable that, though of the same flat shape, it was smaller. [For the deeper cooking vessels, see AENUM, LEBES, OLLA. ] 2. The patella was also a sacred vessel of the same shape as the ordinary patella, but reserved for domestic sacred rites, especially for the offering of food to the Lares, lances being used when a larger dish was needed [LANX]. Hence it is called cultrix foci (Pers. 3.26; cf. Ov. Fast. 6.310); and hence, too, every household ought to have one kept solely for religious uses, and Cicero (de Fin. 2.7, 22) notes it as a mark of profanity, ut edint de patella, meaning of course the patella used for offerings. This sacred dish was, if possible, of silver; even in comparatively poor households it was customary to have at least a patella, patera, salinum, and censer of silver (Cic. Ver. 4.2. 1, 46); and in B.C. 410, as is mentioned by Liv. 26.36, in the general contribution of silver plate, it was provided that the householder should retain a salinum and patella of silver deorum causa (cf. Plin. Nat.30.153; Val. Max., 3; Marquardt, Privatl. p. 318). Of this offering Varro says, Quocirca oportet bonum civem legibus parere et deos colere, in patellam dare μικρὸν κρέας [see further under LARARIUM], and the Lares are thence called by Plautus patellarii dii (Cist. 2.1, 46).

[G.E.M]

Patella

See patina.