pendo

pendō, pependī, pēnsus, 3, a.: to hold suspended; to hang, balance, weigh; weigh out money; hence, (fig.), to pay or suffer punishment or penalty, 6.20.

pendo, pĕpendi, pensum, 3 (pendissent, for pependissent, Liv. 45, 26 fin.: penderit for pependerit, Paul. Nol. Carm. 14, 122), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. root σφαδ-, σφενδόνη, a sling; Lat. funda].—Lit., to cause to hang down, to suspend; esp. of scales in weighing.

• I Act., to weigh, weigh out.
• • A Lit. (very rare: syn. penso, expendo): unumquodque verbum staterā aurariā pendere, Varr. ap. Non. 455, 21: da pensam lanam, Titin. ap. Non. 369, 21; Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 39, read repensum: aere gravi cum uterentur Romani, penso eo, non numerato debitum solvebant, Fest. s. v. pendere, p. 208 Müll.: pensas examinat herbas, Ov. M. 14, 270.—
  • • 2 Transf., to pay, pay out (because, in the earliest times, payments were made by weighing out the metals; v. in the preced. the passage from Fest.; class.): militis stipendia ideo, quod eam stipem pendebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.: Achaei ingentem pecuniam pendunt L. Pisoni quotannis, Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 5; id. Att. 12, 25, 1: vectigal populo Romano, Caes. B. G. 5, 23: vectigal, Liv. 25, 8: tributum pro navibus, Tac. A. 13, 51: pretium, id. ib. 2, 87: coria boum in usus militares, id. ib. 4, 72: mercedem alicui, Juv. 3, 15.—Absol.: pro pabulo pendunt, pay, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.—Impers. pass.: iterumque imperii nostri publicanis penditur, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.—As punishments consisted of fines in money or cattle: pendere poenas, supplicia, etc., signified to pay, suffer, undergo a penalty: pendere poenas solvere significat, Fest. p. 268 Müll.: Syrus mihi tergo poenas pendet, Ter. Heaut. 728: maximas poenas pendo temeritatis meae, Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1: satis pro temeritate unius hominis suppliciorum pensum esse, Liv. 34, 61: capitis poenas, Ov. F. 3, 845: poenas violatae religionis sanguine et caedibus, Just. 8, 2, 4: magna supplicia perfidiae, id. 11, 4, 2: crimen, culpam, Val. Fl. 4, 477.—Rarely in this signif. absol., to suffer any thing (poet.): tuis nam pendit in arvis Delius, Val. Fl. 1, 445.—
  • B Trop.
  • • 1 To weigh mentally, to ponder, consider, deliberate upon, decide (class.; syn.: pensito, trutinor): vos eam (rem) suo, non nominis pondere penditote, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1: in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur, id. Or. 16, 51: causam ex veritate, id. Quint. 1, 5: rem levi conjecturā, id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.—
    • • b To value, esteem, regard a thing; with gen. of the value (mostly ante-class. and poet.): neque cum me magni pendere visum'st, Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 12 (262): aliquem, Ter. Ad. 879: quem tu vidisse beatus Non magni pendis, Hor. S. 2, 4, 93: nec jam religio divum neque numina magni Pendebantur, Lucr. 6, 1277: unice unum plurimi pendit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29 (207): te volturium vocant: Hostisne an civis comedis, parvi pendere, id. Trin. 1, 2, 64 (102) sq.: nequam hominis ego parvi pendo gratiam, lightly esteem, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 29 (558); so, parvi, Ter. And. 526; id. Heaut. 715; id. Hec. 513: minoris pendo tergum illorum, quam meum, care less for, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 29 (886): aliquem minoris, id. ib. 1, 3, 58 (214): aliquem nihili, id. ib. 1, 3, 88 (244): nihili, id. Men. 5, 7, 4 (993); id. Trin. 3, 1, 6 (607); Ter. Ad. 452; cf.: non flocci pendere, Ter. Eun. 411: sese experturum, quanti sese penderem, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 44 (395): tu illum numquam ostendisti quanti penderes, Ter. Heaut. 155.—
    • 2 (Acc. to A. 2.) To pay, render (poet.): dignas pendere grates, Stat. Th. 11, 223.—
• II Neutr., to weigh (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): tantundem pendere par est, Lucr. 1, 361: talentum ne minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus pendat, Liv. 38, 38, 13; Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 44; id. 30, 48 fin., § 93; id. 18, 7, 12, § 66; id. 31, 6, 31, § 58 (in Sen. Ep. 66, 30, read pendent).
• —Hence, pensus, a, um, P. a., lit. weighed; hence, trop., esteemed, valued, prized, dear (as P. a. not in Cic. or Caes.): utra condicio pensior, Virginemne an viduam habere? Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 61 (118): ut nihil quicquam esset carius pensiusque nobis quam nosmetipsi, Taurus ap. Gell. 12, 5, 7.—Esp., as subst.: pensum, i, n., something weighed.
• • A Weight, consideration, scruple, importance, only in gen. sing.: nihil pensi habere aliquid, to lay no weight or stress upon a thing, to attach no value to, be indifferent to, care nothing about: sua parvi pendere, aliena cupere, ... nihil pensi neque moderati habere, Sall. C. 12, 2: nihil pensi neque sancti habere, id. J. 41, 9: neque id quibus modis assequeretur, quicquam pensi habebat, id. C. 5, 6: prorsus neque dicere, neque facere quicquam pensi habebat, id. ib. 23, 2: nihil pensi habuit, quin, etc., Suet. Dom. 12; id. Ner. 34: ut neque fas neque fidem pensi haberet, Tac. A. 13, 15: aliquid ratum pensumque habere, Att. Capitol. ap. Gell. 13, 12, 2. —So, non pensi ducere (very rare), Val. Max. 2, 9, 3.—Also, non adest or est alicui pensi: nec mihi adest tantillum pensi jam, quos capiam calceos, I don't care in the least, am perfectly indifferent, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 52 (762): sed illis nec quid dicerent, nec quid facerent, quicquam umquam pensi fuisse, they never cared at all, Liv. 34, 49: quibus si quicquam pensi umquam fuisset, non ea consilia de republicā habuissent, if they had ever had regard for any considerations, Sall. C. 52, 34. —
  • B Prop., the wool weighed out to a slave to spin in a day; hence, a day's work in spinning, and, in gen., spinning, a spinner's task.
  • • 1 Lit. (mostly ante-class. and poet.): pensum facere, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 63 (397); id. Men. 5, 2, 45 (797): nocturna carpentes pensa puellae, Verg. G. 1, 391: carmine quo captae dum fusis mollia pensa Devolvunt, etc., id. ib. 4, 348: famulasque ad lumina longo Exercet penso, id. A. 8, 412; Prop. 3, 15, (4, 14), 15: castrensia, i. e. for military garments, id. 4 (5), 3, 33: pensa manu ducunt, Juv. 12, 65: lanificam revocas ad sua pensa manum, Ov. Am. 1, 13, 24; id. H. 3, 75; Just. 1, 3, 2.—Poet., a thread spun by the Fates: durae peragunt pensa sorores, Sen. Herc. Fur. 181: jamque in fine dies et inexorabile pensum Deficit, Stat. S. 3, 3, 172: mortale resolvere, to unbind his mortal thread, i. e. to make him immortal, Calp. Ecl. 4, 137.—
    • 2 Trop., a charge, duty, office (so in Cic.; cf.: ministerium, munus, officium): pensum meum lepide accurabo, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 33 (1152); cf.: meum confeci, id. Pers. 2, 4, 1 (272): absolvere, to perform one's duty, Varr. R. R. 2, 2: me ad meum munus pensumque revocabo, Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119; id. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 109: nominis familiaeque, Liv. 4, 52: operis sui peragere, Col. 3, 10, 7.—Hence, adv.: pensē, carefully, considerately (post-class.): pensius, Flav. ap. Symm. Ep. 2, 34.

pendo, pependī, pēnsum, ere, eig. herabhangen lassen, bes. die Wagschalen beim Wägen; dah. wägen, abwägen, I) eig.: A) im allg.: 1) eig.: unumquodque verbum staterā aurariā, Varro: pari od. aequā lance pendere, Eccl. (s. lanxno. II, 1): lana pensa, Titin. com. fr.: herbae pensae, in die Wagschale gelegte, Ov. – 2) übtr.: a) abwägen, erwägen, beurteilen, res, non verba, Cic.: consilium ex opibus, Cic.: alqm non ex fortuna, sed ex virtute, beurteilen od. schätzen, Cic.: consilio minus penso alqd facere, ICt. – b) schätzen, achten, halten, mit Genet., magni, hoch, Hor.: parvi, gering, Ter. u. Sall.: minoris, geringer, Augustin.: pluris, höher, Augustin.: quanti, Ter.: flocci, Ter.: nihili, Plaut. u. Ter. – B) insbes. (weil die Alten, ehe sie geprägtes Geld hatten, beim Bezahlen einander das Metall zuwogen) = zahlen, bezahlen, 1) eig.: pecuniam alci, Cic.: vectigal, Cic.: stipendium, Liv.: bina milia aeris, Liv.: usuram pecuniae alci, die Zinsen von dem Gelde, Cic. – 2) bildl.: a) bezahlen, leisten, was man schuldig ist, grates, abstatten, Stat. Theb. 11, 223. – b) (weil die ältesten Strafen darin bestanden, daß der Straffällige dem Kläger oder der Obrigkeit ein od. das andere Stück Vieh od. eine Summe Geld bezahlen mußte) = ausstehen, leiden, was man verdient hat, poenas pro scelere, Lucr.: poenas temeritatis, wegen der usw., Cic.: poenas capitis, Ov.: poenam nece, Ov.: supplicium, Liv.: ignominiam, Liv.: auch crimen, culpam, büßen, Strafe dafür leiden, Val. Flacc. – absol. = Strafe leiden, Val. Flacc. 1, 445. – II) übtr.: wiegen, schwer sein, tantundem, Lucr. 1, 361: minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus, Liv. 38, 38, 13. – bildl., bona vera idem pendunt, Sen. ep. 66, 29 ed. Fickert (wo aber Haase [§ 30] pendent hat, s. pendeono. I. a. E.). ➳ Parag. Infin. pendier, Plaut. Poen. 1300.

pendō, (10) pĕpendī, pēnsum, ĕre, tr. et intr.

I tr., ¶ 1 laisser pendre les plateaux dʼune balance, [dʼoù] peser : Varr. d. Non. 455, 21 ; lana pensa Titin. d. Non. 369, 21, laine pesée ¶ 2 [fig.] peser, apprécier : res, non verba Cic. Or. 51, sʼattacher aux idées, non aux mots ; aliquid ex aliqua re ou aliqua re Cic. Quinct. 5 ; Verr. 2, 4, 1, apprécier qqch. dʼaprès une chose || [avec gén.] estimer : aliquid, aliquem parvi Sall. C. 12, 2 ; 52, 9 ; nihili Ter. Eun. 94 ; magni Hor. S. 2, 4, 93 ; Tac. Ann. 12, 18 ; minoris Pl. Most. 215, faire peu de cas, aucun cas, grand cas, moins de cas de qqn, de qqch. ; non flocci pendere Ter. Eun. 411, ne faire absolument aucun cas ; v. pensus ¶ 3 peser le métal pour payer, [dʼoù] payer : ingentem pecuniam alicui Cic. Prov. 5, payer une énorme somme à qqn ; vectigal populo Romano Cæs. G. 5, 22, 4, payer un tribut au peuple romain ¶ 4 [fig.] payer, acquitter : a) pœnas temeritatis Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1, être puni de son imprudence ; supplicium Liv. 34, 61, 8, subir un supplice en expiation ; b) expier : culpam, crimina Val. Flacc. 9, 477, expier une faute, des crimes ; tuis nam pendit in arvis Delius, ingrato Steropen quod fuderat arcu Val. Flacc. 1, 445, car cʼest dans tes champs que lʼingrat Apollon a expié le fait dʼavoir de son arc frappé Stéropès ; c) pendere grates Stat. Th. 11, 223, rendre grâces, témoigner sa reconnaissance.

II intr., être pesant, peser : Lucr. 1, 361 ; Liv. 38, 38, 13 ; Plin. 9, 44 ; 30, 93, etc.

➳ inf. pass. pendier Pl. Pœn. 1300 ; penderit p. pependerit P. Nol. Carm. 14, 122.

pendo , is, pependi, pensum, pendere. 3. (pendeo.)
過秤。重若干。細想。還帳。— poenas ei 受其罰。— magni 看重。— vectigal 納税。— quindecim talenta 重十五元寳。

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pendō pependī, pēnsus, ere

• PAND-, to suspend, weigh, weigh out: pensas examinat herbas, O.—To weigh out in payment, pay, pay out: stipendium quotannis, Cs.: pecuniam Pisoni: populo mercedem, Iu.—Fig., to pay, suffer, undergo: mihi tergo poenas, T.: poenas temeritatis: satis pro temeritate unius hominis suppliciorum pensum esse, L.: capitis poenas, O.—To weigh, ponder, consider, deliberate upon, decide: eam (rem) penditote: in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur.—To value, esteem, regard: quem tu vidisse beatus Non magni pendis, H.: Quae dico parvi pendunt, esteem lightly, T.: nili, care nothing for, T.: non flocci pendere, T.—Intrans, to weigh, be heavy: talentum ne minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus pendat, L.