pulvis

pulvis, ĕris (nom. pulver, App. Herb. 35; Theod. Prisc. 1, 30; 2, 32; cf. Prisc. p. 707 P.), m. (fem., Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 sq.; Prop. 1, 22, 6; 2, 13, 35 (3, 5, 19); and also, masc., id. 1, 17, 23; 1, 19, 6; 4 (5), 9, 31).

• I Lit., dust, powder: jamque fere pulvis ad caelum vasta videtur,Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 (Ann. v. 286 Vahl.): fulva, id. ap. Non. 217, 13 (Ann. v. 319 ib.): si multus erat in calceis pulvis, Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47; Lucr. 3, 381: pulveris nebula, id. 5, 254: Romani pulveris vim magnam animadvortunt, Sall. J. 53, 1; Caes. B. C. 2, 26: qui (ventus) nubes pulveris vehit, Liv. 22, 43: prospectum oculorum nubes pulveris abstulerat, Curt. 4, 15, 32; 5, 13, 12; Sil. 2, 174: subitam nigro glomerari pulvere nubem Prospiciunt, Verg. A. 9, 33: pulvis collectus turbine, Hor. S. 1, 4, 31: pulverem Olympicum Collegisse, id. C. 1, 1, 3: crinis pulvere collines, id. ib. 1, 15, 20: pulvere sparsi juvenes, Phaedr. 4, 24, 22: tum caeco pulvere campus Miscetur, Verg. A. 12, 444: pulverem excutere, Ov. A. A. 1, 150: sedare, Phaedr. 2, 5, 18: movere, Quint. 5, 10, 81: excitare, Col. Arb. 12: glaebam in pulverem resolvere, id. 11, 2, 60: eruditus, the dust or sand in which mathematicians drew their figures, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 48; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 23, 64: formas in pulvere describere, Liv. 25, 31; Pers. 1, 131: amomi, dust, powder, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 69: carbonis, coal-dust, id. A. A. 3, 628. —Poet.: Etrusca, i.e. soil, Prop. 1, 22, 6; so of potters’ earth, Mart. 14, 1021; 1141; of volcanic ashes: Puteolanus, pozzolana, Stat. S. 4, 3, 53; Sen. Q. N. 3, 20, 3; Plin. 35, 13, 47, § 166.—Of the dust or ashes of the dead: pulvis et umbra sumus, Hor. C. 4, 7, 16 al.; cf.: pulvis es et in pulverem reverteris, Vulg. Gen. 3, 19: hibernus, i.e. a dry winter, Verg. G. 1, 101.—Esp.: pulvis belli, war: formosus pulvere belli, Mart. 8, 65, 3: duces Non indecoro pulvere sordidi, Hor. C. 2, 1, 22: in pulverem Martium tractus, Amm.16, 1, 5: exercitus pulvere coalitus Martio, id. 21, 12, 22.—In plur.: novendiales, Hor. Epod. 17, 48: cineris pulveres, Pall. 3, 25, 14 (cf. id. 11, 14, 15): pulverum mole degravante, Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 83; cf. Gell. 19, 8, 13: natio ad pulveres Martios erudita, Amm.23, 6, 83.—Prov.: sulcos in pulvere ducere, to draw furrows in the sand, i.e. to give one's self useless trouble, Juv. 7, 48: pulverem ob oculos aspergere, to throw dust in one's eyes, i.e. to deceive, Gell. 5, 21, 4.—
• II Transf.
• • A A place of contest, arena, lists: domitant in pulvere currus, Verg. A. 7, 163; Mart. 12, 83.—
  • • 2 In gen., a scene of action, field (cf. arena): doctrinam ex umbraculis eruditorum in solem atque pulverem produxit, i.e. before the public, Cic. Leg. 3, 6, 14; cf. Hor. C. 1, 8, 4: educenda dictio est in agmen, in pulverem, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: forensis pulvis, Quint. 10, 1, 33: inque suo noster pulvere currat equus, on his own field, within his own territory, Ov. F. 2, 360.—
  • B Toil, effort, labor (poet.): cui sit condicio dulcis sine pulvere palmae, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 51.

pulvis, eris, m., selten f., der Staub, I) eig., A) im allg.: multus in calceis pulvis, Cic.: horrida, Prop.: amomi, Staub und Pulver, Ov.: carbonis, Kohlenstaub, Ov.: pulvis eruditus u. im Zshg. bl. pulvis, der grüne Glasstaub, in den die alten Mathematiker mit einem Stäbchen (radius) ihre mathematischen Figuren zeichneten, zB. numquam eruditum illum pulverem attigistis, ihr habt niemals Mathematik getrieben, Cic.: ex eadem urbe humilem homunculum a pulvere et radio excitabo, einen Mathematiker, Cic.: p. exiguus, eine Handvoll Erde (bei der Bestattung), Hor.: p. hibernus, poet. = trockener Winter, Verg. georg. 1, 101: omnia in pulverem minutissimum redigere, Veget.: omnem muralem lapidem in pulverem comminuere, Oros. – Plur. (vgl. Gell. 19, 8, 13), Novendiales pulveres, neuntägiger Staub (= frische Totenasche), Hor. epod. 17, 48: pulverum moles, Plin. 11, 83: cineris pulveres, Pallad. 3, 25, 14 (vgl. 11, 14, 15): gens ad pulveres Martios erudita, an alle Beschwerlichkeiten des Krieges gewöhnter V., Amm. 23, 6, 83. – Sprichw., v. vergeblicher Mühwaltung, leeres Stroh dreschen, sulcos in pulvere ducere, Iuven. 7, 48. – B) insbes., der Staub des Kampf-, Ringplatzes, pulvis Olympicus, Hor. carm. 1, 1, 3: quasi Olympici certaminis pulvis, Amm. 29, 1, 25: palaestra, Eurotas, sol, pulvis, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 36; dah. meton. = der Kampfplatz, Ringplatz, Übungsplatz, domitant in pulvere currus, Verg. Aen. 7, 163: referre laxum de pulvere follem, Mart. 12, 82, 5: u. bildl., das Feld, der Schauplatz einer Tätigkeit, doctrinam in solem atque pulverem produxit, ins Publikum, Cic.: so auch processerat in solem et pulverem, war öffentlich aufgetreten, Cic.: in suo pulvere, auf seinem Felde, in seiner Bahn, Ov. – cui sit condicio dulcis sine pulvere palmae, ohne den Staub des Kampfplatzes (griech. ἀκονιτί), ohne Anstrengung, mühelos, Hor. ep. 1, 1, 51; vgl. qui pancratio citra pulveris iactum, quod vocant ἀκονιτί, vicit, Plin. 35, 139: negotium sine ullo pulvere consummare, Amm. 19, 11, 7. – II) übtr., die Erde, Etrusca, Prop. 1, 22, 6: coctus, Backsteine, Stat. silv. 4, 3, 53: bes. die Töpfererde, der Ton, Mart. 14, 102, 1 u. 114, 1: pulvis Puteolanus, Puzzolanerde, Sen. nat. qu. 3, 20, 3; vgl. Vitr. 2, 6, 1 sqq.; 5, 12, 2. Plin. 35, 166; dass. Dicarcheae pulvis arenae, Sidon. carm. 2, 59. – ➳ Das i in pulvis von Natur lang, nach Lachm. Lucr. p. 59. – pulvis als fem., Enn. ann. 282 u. 315; fr. scen. 382. Prop. 1, 22, 6; 2, 13, 35. Cael. Aur. de morb. chron. 2, 1, 31. – Nbf. pulver, eris, m., Ps. Apul. herb. 35; neutr., Th. Prisc. 1, 30; 2, 32; vgl. Prisc. 6, 65. Pompeii comment. 177, 23 K.

pulvis [CL] 1 dust, particle of earth. b (pl.) grains of dust. c ash; d (fig.); e (w. ref. to humble condition or worthlessness). multa ‥ de ~ere loci illius virtutum miracula narrantur Bede HE III 9 p. 145; “cecidit vir sanctior istic, / arbitror, idcirco prodest haec terra saluti” / atque ligans panno tulerat de pulvere secum Alcuin SS Ebor 341; crusta cimolia, i. ~is de tes[t]a Gl. Laud. 387; vestimentorum scissione et aspersione ~eris vim doloris expressit P. Blois Ep. 2. 4a; irruens valida venti tempestas ~erem subito circumvolvit V. Edm. Rich C 605; utrum ventus sit flans et elevans ~erem contra vos et adversarios vestros Regim. Princ. 85.  b advectos inde ~eres seu lapillos si quis alibi intra alvearia sparserit, examina favos deserant Gir. TH I 6.  c lepidoscalcu, i. ~is decidens ab ere calefacto Gl. Laud. 894; libanosmanne, i. thuris masculi ~is Ib. 907; mannis, i. libanum vel ~is thuris Ib. 972; si remaneat aliquod vestigium sanguinis ‥ in vestimentis, pars illa scindatur et comburatur et ~is cum reliquiis reponatur Miss. Heref. xxxiv.  d a797 adhaesit ‥ oculo cordis mei ~is cogitationum iniquarum Alcuin Ep. 86; si aliquis ex terrena conversatione mundissime menti ejus ~is adhesit, illa eum tribulatione excussum esse non sit ambiguum W. Malm. GR V 443; sacri ‥ affectus nullo terrene cogitationis ~ere sordescunt, nullo pavore subsistunt J. Ford Serm. 64. 10.  e vergibili fortuna ‥ suppeditante ‥ inopinata, quidam de ~ere prosiliunt ad magnarum potestatum culmina, aliique de summo apice ‥ pulsi gemunt in ingenti mesticia Ord. Vit. III 14 p. 152; alios ‥ de ignobili stirpe illustravit, de ~ere ut ita dicam extulit Ib. XI 2 p. 164; [S. Johannes] misericors ad incolas ~eris Lucian Chester 50; beata ejus anima corruptibilis exonerata exuviis de ~ere hujus conversationis libera evolavit in celum P. Blois Ep. 27. 93C. 2 (leg., curia pedis pulveris or sim.) Court of Piepowder. 1361 placita de pede ~eris , 1458 (v. pes 6). 3 material substance of which human body is said to be created and to which it returns; b (w. ref. to Gen. iii 19, xviii 27). cum de sepulcri tumba ~is [gl.: i. terra sicca et soluta] ebulliat et quasi reciproco spirantis flatu in superficie antri sensim scaturiat Aldh. VirgP 23; sanctissimi Neoti tumuli ~is a fidelibus sumitur V. Neot. A 10; quamvis Franci ossa sancta transtulerint ‥ sepulchra tamen et ~erem sanctissime carnis reliquerunt Ord. Vit. VI 10 p. 107; rubicundus ~is carnis liquefacte Canon. G. Sempr. f. 111v; 1383 una bursa ‥ cum ‥ de ~ere sancti Amphibili et ‥ os sancte Petronille Ac. Durh. 427.  b hic Deus omnipotens Adam de pulvere plasmat Alcuin Carm. 115. 1; a952 (12c) incerta est hora unicuique nostrum quando revertatur ~is in ~erem CS 894; quia plasmatum scio me de pulvere terrae Wulf. Swith. I 640; tu homo de ~ere factus, tu ~is quandoque futurus, contra Deum te extulisti Eadmer Beat. 8; putasne corpora nostra in ~erem redacta surrectura? Gir. GE II 24; accipiens ~erem ait “~erem ~eri, cineremque cineri” M. Par. Edm. 249. 4 powder, dried particles produced by crushing or grinding a substance; b (of spice); c (used medicinally or cosmetically); d (used in preserving). omnia simulacra confracta sunt, in ~erem sunt redacta Theod. Laterc. 7; hic ~er, -ris, ‥ vel ~is, powdyr WW.  b pro vj lib. albi ~eris, cum macis, vj s. Manners 20; 1281 in ij li. et dim. zinziberis ad album ~erem faciendum propter convivium justiciariorum Ac. Rec. Wint. 104; 1286 batura ~erum ad coquinam (v. batura b); 1292 in factura pastillarum anguillarum cum ~ere, viij s. KR Ac 308/15 m. 7; 1313 pro ~ere claretti ‥ faciendo (v. claretum c); 1330 compotat ‥ in empcione centum unius libre de gingebrace, lxxviij s. j d. ob. et in empcione unius libre ~eris, xv d. ExchScot 290; 1372 computat in ‥ canella sive cinamonio, nucibus muscatis, grano paradiseo, ~ere Lumbardo, diversis coloribus pro coquina ExchScot 371.  c in cujus decoctione ponatur pul’ [? l. pulvis, pulpa] mirobol[ani], ci’ Indorum, et lapidis lazuli Gilb. I 43v. 2; ~is laxativus Joannis: recipe ‥ Gad. 7. 1; ~is confortativus ‥ quem voco ~erem Saracenicum: recipe ~erem herbe iv ℥, i. humanorum ossium combustorum Ib. 39. 1; composita evacuancia [melancoliam] sunt diaboraginatum, diasene, ~is Gualterii Ib. 69. 1; alcohol, i. ~is ad oculos SB 10; muscus ‥ mittitur in collinis et in pilis seu ~eribus oculorum Alph. 122; ~is ceni dim. lib. ij d. Invent. Med. 79.  d aloae arbor ‥ tunditur minutatim et pulvis ejus miscetur cum mirra Comm. Cant. III 148; 1307 pro ~ere aromatico de aloen, thure et mirra ad ponendum in corpore regis, iiij li (KR Ac) EHR LXVIII 173; 1471 pro ‥ j pipa ~eris pro pellibus EEC 506; 1555 pulver’ dulc’ pro usu garderobe KR Ac 428/5 f. 18. 5 gunpowder. 1338 pro quodam instrumento ferri pro qwarell’ et pellotes plumbi inde sagittand’ cum ~ere pro defencione navis KR Ac 20/27 r. 1d.; 1346 omnia ingenia et gunna cum eorum apparatu ‥ sc. ‥ pellotas, barellos, et salpetram et ~eres (Pipe) Tout Papers II 259; ~is pro instrumento illo bellico sive diabolico quod vulgaliter dicitur gunre Anecd. Oxon. I 1; 1387 ad conficiendum inde ~erem gunnorum (v. pertritio); 1404 unum gun cum ~ere pro guerra Ac. Durh. 395; 1435 duo morteria metalli ad faciendum ~eres aptos canonibus Collect. W. Worc. 567; 1444 pro apportacione et cariagiis ~erum bumbardorum regis ExchScot 147; 1453 ~era vocata gunpowdir Pat 477 m. 29; 1588 cepit unum tormentum Anglice vocatum a pistoll, ~erem tormentariam Anglice vocatam gunpowther et globulos plumbeos Anglice vocatos pellotes of leade Pat 1321 m. 5.

pulvis, (9) ĕris, m. (qqf. f. ), ¶ 1 poussière : multus erat in calceis pulvis Cic. Inv. 1, 47, les chaussures étaient poudreuses || poussière, sable où les mathématiciens traçaient leurs figures : Cic. Fin. 5, 40 ; [dʼoù] eruditum pulverem attingere Cic. Nat. 2, 48, toucher à la savante poussière, être mathématicien ; humilem homunculum a pulvere et radio excitare Cic. Tusc. 5, 64, faire surgir, en lʼenlevant à son sable et à sa baguette, un humble mortel [Archimède] || Puteolanus Sen. Nat. 3, 20, 3, pouzzolane || [prov.] sulcos in pulvere ducere Juv. 7, 48, labourer dans le sable, perdre sa peine ; pulverem ob oculos aspergere Gell. 5, 21, 4, jeter de la poudre aux yeux || ¶ 2 [poét.] terre : pulvis coctus Stat. S. 4, 3, 53, brique ; pulvis Etrusca Prop. 1, 22, 6, poussière, terre dʼÉtrurie ¶ 3 [en part.] poussière de la piste, du cirque : Olympicus Hor. O. 1, 1, 3, la poussière Olympique || [fig.] piste, carrière : Mart. 12, 82, 5 || [fig.] Ov. F. 2, 360 || [poét.] sine pulvere Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 51, [la palme] sans effort, sans peine ¶ 4 [métaph.] la poussière que lʼon trouve dans la rue, sur les routes, dans la vie en plein air et que ne connaît pas lʼhomme renfermé dans son cabinet : doctrinam ex umbraculis eruditorum in solem atque pulverem produxit Cic. Leg. 3, 14, il fit sortir la science des retraites ombragées des philosophes pour lʼamener au soleil et dans la poussière, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 157 ; Br. 37 ; forensis pulvis Quint. 10, 1, 33, la poussière du forum, les luttes du forum.

➳ fém. Enn. Ann. 282 ; 319 ; Prop. 1, 22, 6 ; 2, 13, 35 || pulver nom. Ps. Apul. Herb. 35 ; cf. Prisc. Gramm. 6, 65.

pulvis , eris. m.
塵土。塵灰。埃。戰傷。Eruditus pulvis 書圖之塵。Citra pulveris jactum vel sine pulvere 無難。易然。In suo pulvere currere 不改其事業。\ — nitratus 火藥。\Pulver pro Pulvis. \Pulvis pro* Pulveris.

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pulvis, pulvĕris, m.: polvere; ● sabbia; pulvis hibernus Virg inverno asciutto

pulvis Etrusca Prop terra etrusca.

pulvis eris, m or (rarely) f

• 1 PAL-, dust, powder: multus in calceis: pulveris vim magnam animadvortunt, S.: qui (ventus) nubes pulveris vehit, L.: nigro glomerari pulvere nubem, V.: pulverem Olympicum Conlegisse, H.: pulvere sparsi iuvenes, Ph.: caeco pulvere campus Miscetur, V.: pulverem excutere, O.: numquam eruditum illum pulverem attigistis, i. e. drew geometrical figures in sand: quas (formas) in pulvere descripserat, L.: amomi, powder, O.: carbonis, coal-dust, O.: Etrusca, earth, Pr.: Pulvis et umbra sumus, ashes, H.: hibernus, i. e. a dry winter, V.: duces Non indecoro pulvere sordidi, i. e. the dust of a successful campaign, H.—Prov.: sulcos in pulvere ducere, i. e. to labor to no purpose, Iu.—A scene of action, field, arena: doctrinam in solem atque in pulverem produxit, i. e. before the public: Inque suo noster pulvere currat equus, on his own field, O.: domitant in pulvere currūs, V.—Toil, effort, labor: condicio dulcis sine pulvere palmae, H.: patiens pulveris atque solis, H.