study
study
v. trans.
Learn: P. and V. μανθά̆νειν.
Practise: P. and V. ἀσκεῖν, ἐπῐτηδεύειν, Ar. and P. μελετᾶν.
Devote oneself to: P. and V. σπουδάζειν περί̆ (acc. or gen.), P. σχολάζειν (dat.). Ar. and P. διατρί̄βειν (ἐν, dat., περί̆, acc. or ἐπί̆, dat.), Ar. and P. ἐπῐμέλεσθαι (gen.).
Be careful of, regard: P. and V. θερᾰπεύειν (acc.); see regard.
Examine: P. and V. σκοπεῖν, ἐξετάζειν ; see examine.With infin. following use try.
Study how to do a thing: P. φιλοσοφεῖν ὅπως (fut. indic.).
Study scientifically: P. φιλοσοφεῖν (acc.).
v. trans.
Learn: P. and V. μανθά̆νειν.
Practise: P. and V. ἀσκεῖν, ἐπῐτηδεύειν, Ar. and P. μελετᾶν.
Devote oneself to: P. and V. σπουδάζειν περί̆ (acc. or gen.), P. σχολάζειν (dat.). Ar. and P. διατρί̄βειν (ἐν, dat., περί̆, acc. or ἐπί̆, dat.), Ar. and P. ἐπῐμέλεσθαι (gen.).
Be careful of, regard: P. and V. θερᾰπεύειν (acc.); see regard.
Examine: P. and V. σκοπεῖν, ἐξετάζειν ; see examine.With infin. following use try.
Study how to do a thing: P. φιλοσοφεῖν ὅπως (fut. indic.).
Study scientifically: P. φιλοσοφεῖν (acc.).
study
subs.
Ar. and P. μά̆θημα, τό.
Act of learning: P. and V. μά̆θησις, ἡ.
Practice: Ar. and P. μελετή, ἡ, P. ἄσκησις, ἡ, ἐπιτήδευσις, ἡ, ἐπιτήδευμα, τό.
The study of virtue: P. ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια, ἡ.
Occupation: Ar. and P. διατρῐβή, ἡ, P. and V. σπουδή, ἡ ; see occupation.
Examination: P. and V. σκέψῐς, ἡ, P. ἐξέτασις, ἡ.
subs.
Ar. and P. μά̆θημα, τό.
Act of learning: P. and V. μά̆θησις, ἡ.
Practice: Ar. and P. μελετή, ἡ, P. ἄσκησις, ἡ, ἐπιτήδευσις, ἡ, ἐπιτήδευμα, τό.
The study of virtue: P. ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια, ἡ.
Occupation: Ar. and P. διατρῐβή, ἡ, P. and V. σπουδή, ἡ ; see occupation.
Examination: P. and V. σκέψῐς, ἡ, P. ἐξέτασις, ἡ.
STUDY
s. Attention of the mind meditatio: commentatio.
Pursuit of litterature studium. Studies studia plur.; litterarum studia; humanitas studia atque litterarum: to give one’s self to study in studio toto animo incumbere; in studiis ac litteris omne tempus consumere (Cic.); studiis se totum tradere; tempus transmittere inter libros (Plin. Ep. 9 6 1): a place of study studiorum ratio (Muret. Ruhnken): to begin the study of anything aliquid attingere: I though I did not begin the study of Greek litterature till late in life etc. ego qui sero Graecas litteras attigissem etc. (Cic.).
An apartment set apart for litterary employment musaeum: umbra: umbraculum: studium (Capitol).
Subject of attention studium (Ter. Nep.).
s. Attention of the mind meditatio: commentatio.
Pursuit of litterature studium. Studies studia plur.; litterarum studia; humanitas studia atque litterarum: to give one’s self to study in studio toto animo incumbere; in studiis ac litteris omne tempus consumere (Cic.); studiis se totum tradere; tempus transmittere inter libros (Plin. Ep. 9 6 1): a place of study studiorum ratio (Muret. Ruhnken): to begin the study of anything aliquid attingere: I though I did not begin the study of Greek litterature till late in life etc. ego qui sero Graecas litteras attigissem etc. (Cic.).
An apartment set apart for litterary employment musaeum: umbra: umbraculum: studium (Capitol).
Subject of attention studium (Ter. Nep.).
v. Transitively meditari: commentari: cognoscere explorare aliquid: operam dare alicui rei [Vid : also To DEVISE]. To study a speech orationem commentari (☞ not studere orationi): to study a charge meditari accusationem: to study men’s dispositions hominum animos explorare pertentare scrutari: to study philosophy law philosophiam jus civile discere (Cic.): to study medicine arti medicae discendae operam dare.
Intransitively. To pursue litterary objects studere litteris (Cic.); and simply studere but not before the Silver Age (Plin. Ep. Quint. Sen.); we may say also studia exercere: ad studia incumbere (to study hard): artes studiaque colere: doctrinae studiis se dedere: studiis doctrinisque deditum esse: litteris et optimis disciplinis studere: versari in artibus ingenuis. To begin to study se conferre ad studia litterarum (Cic.): to study at college litterarum studiis in academia operam dare (Herm.); in academiae scholis graviores disclplinas percipere (Wyttenbach); *litterarum studiorum causa versari vivere in academia; *versari inter cives academiae: to study under anybody discere ab aliquo; audire aliquem; operam dare alicui; scholis alicujus adesse interesse (after Cic.).
Intransitively. To pursue litterary objects studere litteris (Cic.); and simply studere but not before the Silver Age (Plin. Ep. Quint. Sen.); we may say also studia exercere: ad studia incumbere (to study hard): artes studiaque colere: doctrinae studiis se dedere: studiis doctrinisque deditum esse: litteris et optimis disciplinis studere: versari in artibus ingenuis. To begin to study se conferre ad studia litterarum (Cic.): to study at college litterarum studiis in academia operam dare (Herm.); in academiae scholis graviores disclplinas percipere (Wyttenbach); *litterarum studiorum causa versari vivere in academia; *versari inter cives academiae: to study under anybody discere ab aliquo; audire aliquem; operam dare alicui; scholis alicujus adesse interesse (after Cic.).
study (subs.):
I. Close applica-*tion of the mind:
1. stŭdium (defined by Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36, as, assidua ac vehemens, ad aliquem rem applicata, magna cum voluptate occupatio, eager devotion of the mind): to devote one's s. to anything, alicui rei s. dare, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, ad fin.: studium [atque operam] ponere in aliqua re, id. Fin. 1, init.: s. in aliqua re collocare, ib. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10.
2. mĕdĭtātio, study (combined with practice, or exercise; esp. by way of preparation): to overcome a natural defect by s. and practice, naturae vitium meditatione atque exercitatione tollere, Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96: s. of speaking, m. dicendi, Quint. 2, 10, 2.
3. commentātio (careful application of the mind to anything): subjects prepared with much s. and practice, locos multa c. atque meditatione paratos, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118. Phr.: to give careful s. to anything, animum defigere et intendere in aliquam rem, id. Ac. 2, 15, 46: animum (mentem) ad aliquam rem applicare, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36: animum in aliqua re occupare, cf. Ter. Hec. Prol. 1, 4. See alsoTO STUDY .
II. Literary: stŭdium: with depend. gen.: very oft. pl.: learned and refined s., studium doctrinae atque humanitatis, Cic. Coel. 10, 24: cf. id. Sen. 14, 49, pabulum studii atque doctrinae (hendiadys): more fully, studia doctrinae, ib. § 50: and by another hendiadys, studia atque literae, id. Att. 8, 11: cultured by liberal s.s, bonis s. atque artibus expolitus, id. (Nizol.): to devote oneself to s. or repose, se studiis vel otio tradere, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 7: our city is now distinguished for liberal s.s, urbs nostra liberalibus s. floret, ib. 1, 10, init.: I am glad that liberal s.s thrive, juvat me quod vigent s., ib. 1, 13, init.: to have recourse to s. as one's only consolation, ad unicum doloris levamentum studia confugere, ib. 8, 19, 1 (see alsoTO DEVOTE ONESELF ). Phr.: to pass all one's time in s., omne tempus inter pugillares [note-books] ac libellos transmittere, id. 9, 6, init.: to be engaged in s., libris, literis vacare (late), ib. 3, 5, 15.
III. A room devoted to the purposes of study:
1. best word perh. bibliŏthēca: cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 8, parieti ejus [cubiculi] in bibliothecae speciem (like a library or study) armarium insertum est, quod non legendos libros sed lectitandos capit (a book-case holding a few books for repeated perusal).
2. in certain connexions, umbrācŭlum (when the study of a man of letters is contrasted with the publicity of active life): cf. Cic. Br. 9, 37, processerat in solem et pulverem ... e Theophrasti, doctissimi hominis umbraculis: so umbra, Tac. A. 14, 53, studia in umbra educata (in the privacy of the study). Hence, umbrātĭlis, umbrātĭcus (belonging to privacy, to one's private study): in-doors practice (of speaking) in the s., exercitatio domestica et umbratilis, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: letters composed in the s., literae [ut ita dicam] umbraticae, Plin. Ep. 9, 2, 3.
3. Mūsēum, Gr. Μουσεῖον (place devoted to the Muses, i. e. to literature, art): Suet. Cl. 42: Plin.
4. for this Capit. has stŭdium: M. Aur. 26 ("Studia appellat loca in quibus eruditi conveniebant, communicaturi de studiis," Casaub. a. l.).
5. perh. studiorum deversorium (as descriptive term; not a proper appellative): cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 104. (Conclave literis, doctis studiis colendis destinatum: Kr.)
I. Close applica-*tion of the mind:
1. stŭdium (defined by Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36, as, assidua ac vehemens, ad aliquem rem applicata, magna cum voluptate occupatio, eager devotion of the mind): to devote one's s. to anything, alicui rei s. dare, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, ad fin.: studium [atque operam] ponere in aliqua re, id. Fin. 1, init.: s. in aliqua re collocare, ib. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10.
2. mĕdĭtātio, study (combined with practice, or exercise; esp. by way of preparation): to overcome a natural defect by s. and practice, naturae vitium meditatione atque exercitatione tollere, Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96: s. of speaking, m. dicendi, Quint. 2, 10, 2.
3. commentātio (careful application of the mind to anything): subjects prepared with much s. and practice, locos multa c. atque meditatione paratos, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118. Phr.: to give careful s. to anything, animum defigere et intendere in aliquam rem, id. Ac. 2, 15, 46: animum (mentem) ad aliquam rem applicare, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36: animum in aliqua re occupare, cf. Ter. Hec. Prol. 1, 4. See also
II. Literary: stŭdium: with depend. gen.: very oft. pl.: learned and refined s., studium doctrinae atque humanitatis, Cic. Coel. 10, 24: cf. id. Sen. 14, 49, pabulum studii atque doctrinae (hendiadys): more fully, studia doctrinae, ib. § 50: and by another hendiadys, studia atque literae, id. Att. 8, 11: cultured by liberal s.s, bonis s. atque artibus expolitus, id. (Nizol.): to devote oneself to s. or repose, se studiis vel otio tradere, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 7: our city is now distinguished for liberal s.s, urbs nostra liberalibus s. floret, ib. 1, 10, init.: I am glad that liberal s.s thrive, juvat me quod vigent s., ib. 1, 13, init.: to have recourse to s. as one's only consolation, ad unicum doloris levamentum studia confugere, ib. 8, 19, 1 (see also
III. A room devoted to the purposes of study:
1. best word perh. bibliŏthēca: cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 8, parieti ejus [cubiculi] in bibliothecae speciem (like a library or study) armarium insertum est, quod non legendos libros sed lectitandos capit (a book-case holding a few books for repeated perusal).
2. in certain connexions, umbrācŭlum (when the study of a man of letters is contrasted with the publicity of active life): cf. Cic. Br. 9, 37, processerat in solem et pulverem ... e Theophrasti, doctissimi hominis umbraculis: so umbra, Tac. A. 14, 53, studia in umbra educata (in the privacy of the study). Hence, umbrātĭlis, umbrātĭcus (belonging to privacy, to one's private study): in-doors practice (of speaking) in the s., exercitatio domestica et umbratilis, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: letters composed in the s., literae [ut ita dicam] umbraticae, Plin. Ep. 9, 2, 3.
3. Mūsēum, Gr. Μουσεῖον (place devoted to the Muses, i. e. to literature, art): Suet. Cl. 42: Plin.
4. for this Capit. has stŭdium: M. Aur. 26 ("Studia appellat loca in quibus eruditi conveniebant, communicaturi de studiis," Casaub. a. l.).
5. perh. studiorum deversorium (as descriptive term; not a proper appellative): cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 104. (Conclave literis, doctis studiis colendis destinatum: Kr.)
study (v.):
I. To apply the mind to anything, pursue it as an object:
1. stŭdeo, ui, 2 (to devote oneself to anything: usu. with dat.): to s. any art, arti alicui s., Cic. Fam. 4, 3: to s. law, juri et legibus cognoscendis s., id. Rep. 5, 3: to s. pecuniary advantage, glory, etc., pecuniae, gloriae s., id. Fin. 1, 18, 60. Also foll. by acc. and inf.: to s. to excel, s. sese praestare, Sall. Cat. init.: and by in and acc. (infreq.): to s. (aim at) one point only, in id solum s., Quint. 10, 2, 6.
2. incumbo, cŭbui, ĭtum, 3: v.TO DEVOTE (III.).
3. commentor, 1 (to think carefully over,esp. in the way of systematic study): they (children) begin to s. and learn something, incipiunt c. aliquid et discere, Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42: that we should together s. the method ..., ut inter nos commentemur, qua ratione ..., Cic. Fam. 4, 6, fin.
4. mĕdĭtor, 1: I was s.ing something and taking notes, meditabar aliquid enotabamque, Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 1. Phr.: he s.'d rhetoric under Molo, *Molone rhetorices magistro usus est.
II. To inquire into carefully:
1. inquīro, quīsīvi, ītum, 3: v.TO ENQUIRE INTO .
2. exquīro, 3: v.TO SEARCH OUT .
3. cognosco, nōvi, nĭtum, 3 (to make oneself acquainted with): he sets out for Egypt, to s. its antiquities, Aegyptum proficiscitur, cognoscendae antiquitatis, Tac. A. 2, 59: to s. and learn (find out by s.) the causes of things, rerum c. causas, Virg.
4. expr. by studere nosse (to seek to know): Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 212 (qui studeat omnium rerum vim, naturam causasque nosse).
III. To think over and prepare (a speech, etc.) for delivery:
1. commentor, 1: to deliver what he had s.'d, quae commentatus esset reddere, Cic. Br. 88, 301: p. part. in pass. sense: v.STUDIED .
2. mĕdĭtor, 1 (including the act of committing to memory and rehearsing): to s. one's brief, causam m., Cic. Att. 8, 11, extr.: to s. an accusation (speech for prosecution), accusationem m., id. Mur. 21, 43: p. part. in pass. sense: v.STUDIED . See also to MEDITATE .
3. păro, 1: v.TO PREPARE .
IV. Intrans.: to be engaged in literary pursuits:
1. stŭdeo, 2 (not used, however, in the best authors without object expressed): v. supr. (I.). In later age, absol.: I replied, that I would rather s., respondi studere me malle, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 7: et pass. [N.B.--Studere literis, as in Cic. = to devote oneself to literature: studere, absol. as in Plin. min., precisely = Eng. to s.]
2. by night (by candle-light), lūcubro, 1: Cels. 1, 2, med.: Cic. (but as lucubro strictly denotes to burn candle-light, we have studendi causa lucubrare, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 8].
3. expr. by circuml., studia exercere; ad studia incumbere; artes studiaque colere; doctrinae, studiis se dedere; literis et optimis disciplinis studere: Kr. e Cic. (all which phrr. refer to continued and systematic s., not temporary occupation in such pursuits). Phr.: to s. incessantly, nunquam doctrinae studia intermittere, Cic. Or. 10, 34: to s. at a university, *literarum studiis in Academia operam dare, Herm. (Kr.): to s. under any one, *aliquo studiorum magistro uti: or, with ref. to philosophical lectures, audire aliquem [e. g. Platonem], Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 67.
I. To apply the mind to anything, pursue it as an object:
1. stŭdeo, ui, 2 (to devote oneself to anything: usu. with dat.): to s. any art, arti alicui s., Cic. Fam. 4, 3: to s. law, juri et legibus cognoscendis s., id. Rep. 5, 3: to s. pecuniary advantage, glory, etc., pecuniae, gloriae s., id. Fin. 1, 18, 60. Also foll. by acc. and inf.: to s. to excel, s. sese praestare, Sall. Cat. init.: and by in and acc. (infreq.): to s. (aim at) one point only, in id solum s., Quint. 10, 2, 6.
2. incumbo, cŭbui, ĭtum, 3: v.
3. commentor, 1 (to think carefully over,
4. mĕdĭtor, 1: I was s.ing something and taking notes, meditabar aliquid enotabamque, Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 1. Phr.: he s.'d rhetoric under Molo, *Molone rhetorices magistro usus est.
II. To inquire into carefully:
1. inquīro, quīsīvi, ītum, 3: v.
2. exquīro, 3: v.
3. cognosco, nōvi, nĭtum, 3 (to make oneself acquainted with): he sets out for Egypt, to s. its antiquities, Aegyptum proficiscitur, cognoscendae antiquitatis, Tac. A. 2, 59: to s. and learn (find out by s.) the causes of things, rerum c. causas, Virg.
4. expr. by studere nosse (to seek to know): Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 212 (qui studeat omnium rerum vim, naturam causasque nosse).
III. To think over and prepare (a speech, etc.) for delivery:
1. commentor, 1: to deliver what he had s.'d, quae commentatus esset reddere, Cic. Br. 88, 301: p. part. in pass. sense: v.
2. mĕdĭtor, 1 (including the act of committing to memory and rehearsing): to s. one's brief, causam m., Cic. Att. 8, 11, extr.: to s. an accusation (speech for prosecution), accusationem m., id. Mur. 21, 43: p. part. in pass. sense: v.
3. păro, 1: v.
IV. Intrans.: to be engaged in literary pursuits:
1. stŭdeo, 2 (not used, however, in the best authors without object expressed): v. supr. (I.). In later age, absol.: I replied, that I would rather s., respondi studere me malle, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 7: et pass. [N.B.--Studere literis, as in Cic. = to devote oneself to literature: studere, absol. as in Plin. min., precisely = Eng. to s.]
2. by night (
3. expr. by circuml., studia exercere; ad studia incumbere; artes studiaque colere; doctrinae, studiis se dedere; literis et optimis disciplinis studere: Kr. e Cic. (all which phrr. refer to continued and systematic s., not temporary occupation in such pursuits). Phr.: to s. incessantly, nunquam doctrinae studia intermittere, Cic. Or. 10, 34: to s. at a university, *literarum studiis in Academia operam dare, Herm. (Kr.): to s. under any one, *aliquo studiorum magistro uti: or, with ref. to philosophical lectures, audire aliquem [e. g. Platonem], Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 67.
φιλοσοφία
love of knowledge and wisdom, pursuit thereof, speculation, study
πραγματεία
the careful prosecution of an affair, diligent study, hard work
a practice, exercise, study
μελετητικός
mourning, cooing; for study, meditation
παθολογία
study of the passions
τεχνύφιον
workshop, study
φιλολογέω
to love learning, to study
ἀστροσκοπία
the study of the stars
ἰατρολογία
study of medicine
love of knowledge and wisdom, pursuit thereof, speculation, study
πραγματεία
the careful prosecution of an affair, diligent study, hard work
appearing fewer than 50 times
μελέτημαa practice, exercise, study
μελετητικός
mourning, cooing; for study, meditation
παθολογία
study of the passions
τεχνύφιον
workshop, study
φιλολογέω
to love learning, to study
ἀστροσκοπία
the study of the stars
ἰατρολογία
study of medicine
studium
...assiduity, zeal, eagerness, fondness, inclination, desire, exertion, endeavor, study
a diligent meditation, study, careful preparation
commentor
to meditate, think over, study, deliberate, weigh, prepare
lucubratio
a working by lamp-light, night-work, nocturnal study
...assiduity, zeal, eagerness, fondness, inclination, desire, exertion, endeavor, study
appearing fewer than 50 times
commentatioa diligent meditation, study, careful preparation
commentor
to meditate, think over, study, deliberate, weigh, prepare
lucubratio
a working by lamp-light, night-work, nocturnal study