war

war
subs.
P. and V. πόλεμος, ὁ, Ar. and V. Ἄρης, ὁ (ᾰ, rarely ᾱ); see hostility.
The Persian War: P. τὰ Μηδικά (Thuc. 1.97).
Of war, adj.: P. πολεμικός, Ar. and P. πολεμιστήριος, V. ἀ̆ρείφᾰτος.
War chariot, subs.; P. ἅρμα πολεμιστήριον (Plat.).
Ship of war: P. and V. ναῦς μακρά, ἡ, P. πλοῖον μακρόν, τό.
Wage war, v.: P. and V. πολεμεῖν ; see war, v.
Wage war against: P. and V. πολεμεῖν (dat., or πρός, acc.), P. ἀντιπολεμεῖν (dat. or absol.), προσπολεμεῖν (absol.).
Desire war: P. πολεμησείειν.
Join in waging war: P. συμπολεμεῖν (absol., or with dat., or μετά, gen.).
Go to war: P. εἰς πόλεμον καθίστασθαι; see take the field, under field.
Crush by war: P. καταπολεμεῖν (acc.).
More difficult to make war upon: P. χαλεπώτεροι προσπολεμεῖν (Thuc. 7.51).
Take prisoner in war: P. ζωγρεῖν (acc.).
Prisoner of war: see adj., P. and V. αἰχμά̆λωτος, V. δουρί̆ληπτος, δορίκτητος, δῃά̆λωτος, P. δοριάλωτος (Isoc.); see under prisoner.

war
v. intrans.
P. and V. πολεμεῖν, V. αἰχμάζειν.
War with: P. and V. πολεμεῖν (dat., or πρός, acc.); see wage war against, under war, subs.
Contend with: P. and V. μά̆χεσθαι (dat., or πρός, acc.); see contend.

WAR

s. bellum (general term): arma -orum (arms; metonymy for bellum): tumultus (disturbance; war that suddenly breaks out especially near Rome; ☞ Cic. Phil. 5 19 33; 8 1 2): militia (military service). Offensive war bellum quod ultro infertur; bellum ultro inferendum (before it is begun) or illatum (when already begun). War of extermination bellum internecinum (☞ not internecivum); bellum infinitum: to carry on a war of extermination bellum ad internecionem gerere; bello internecino certare; bellum gerere cum aliquo uter sit non uter imperet: war by sea by land bellum navale ac maritimum; bellum terrestre: civil war bellum intestinum; bellum or intestinum ac domesticum; bellum civile: the war round about Mutina bellum quod apud Mutinam gestum est: war with the Gauls bellum Gallicum; bellum cum Gallis gestum: war with pirates bellum piraticum: war with the tribunes (i.e. a struggle contest) bellum tribunicium: a war on account of religion a sacred war bellum pro religionibus (or pro sacris) susceptum: in war (in) bello; belli tempore: in war and peace domi bellique; domo belloque; domi militiaeque (rarely and only where an especial emphasis is to lie on belli and militiae); also belli domique; militiae domique: both in war and in peace et domi et militiae et domi et belli (rarely and more poetically militiaeque domique): either in war or in peace vel domi vel belli: equally great in war and in peace magnus bello nec minor pace; non praestantior in armis quam in toga: to meditate war ad bellum animum intendere; de bello cogitare; ad belli cogitationem se recipere; consilium de bello inire: to seek an occasion of war bellum quaerere: to find an occasion of war bellandi causam reperire: to cause occasion raise a war bellum movere commovere concitare excitare; bellum facere; with anybody alicui; in a country in aliqua terra: to prepare one’s self for war bellum parare apparare comparare adornare or instruere: to threaten anybody with war bellum alicui minari or minitari (through ambassadors); bellum alicui denunciare (☞ never = to declare war; in Cic. Off. 1 11 36 it has the sense here given; ☞ Cic. Phil. 6 2 4): to resolve upon war bellum decernere (of the Senate): bellum jubere (of the people): to declare war against anybody bellum alicui indicere (also figuratively; e.g. philosophiae): to begin a war bellum inchoare or incipere; belli initium facere (☞ never bellum capessere in this sense): to enter upon a war bellum suscipere with anyone cum aliquo (also figuratively): ☞ bellum sumere (cum aliquo) is obsolete; Vid: Walch. Tac. Agr. 16 p. 224. To make war upon bellum or arma alicui (or alicui terrae) inferre (☞ but not in aliquam terram which in Nep. Hann. 4 2 is = bellum in aliquam terram transferre or transmittere): arma capere or ferre contra aliquem (to take up or bear arms against): bello aliquem tentare or lacessere (to attack). To take part in a war partem belli capessere: a war breaks out bellum oritur or cooritur; violently exardescit: war rages in a country terra bellum ardet or flagrat: to carry on war bellare: bellum gerere (of a prince or a people; also of a general: ☞ bellum ducere in this sense is not Latin): belligerare (stronger than bellum gerere and more rare in prose): bellum habere (to be in a state of war to be at war). To conduct a war bellum agere (to manage a war to sketch out the plan of it and arrange everything necessary for conducting it Vid : Caes. B.G. 3 8; Nep. Hann. 8 3 where bellum gerere could not stand): bellum administrare (☞ never gubernare; to have the superintendence and administration of a war; of a commander-in-chief). To carry on war with anyone bellare belligerare cum aliquo contra or adversus aliquem; bellum gerere cum aliquo contra or adversus or (rarely) in aliquem (general terms): bellum habere susceptum cum aliquo (to have entered upon a war with): castra habere contra aliquem (to have taken the field against): bello or armis persequi aliquem (to pursue with war). To protract a war bellum ducere or trahere: to conclude or finish a war belli or bellandi or (more rarely) bello or bellando finem facere (general term): ab armis discedere (by a voluntary laying down of arms): bellum conficere or perficere; debellare (by force of arms by entire defeat of the enemy): bellum componere (by treaty); perfectly nullam partem belli relinquere: totius belli confectorem esse: bellum tollere delere. (☞ Avoid bellum patrare Quint. 8 3 4.) To bring a war near to an end (especially by a great or masterly stroke) bellum profligare (☞ this is the correct meaning of this expression; Vid: Cic. ad Fam. 12 30 2; bellum profligatum ac paene sublatum est Flor. 2 15 2; of the three Punic wars considered as one great one primo tempore commissum est bellum profligatum secundo tertio vero confectum ☞ Suet. Oth. 9). The war was terminated by a single battle uno proelio debellatum est: art of war res militaris; militia (that to what soldiers are trained): disciplina bellica or militaris (as opposed to other arts; Vid: Cic. N.D. 2 64 161): artes belli (arts of war as practised by generals etc: a single art ars belli): Man of war if = warrior Vid :; if= ship of war navis bellica (general term †) navis longa; navis rostrata; quinqueremis [Vid: SHIP]: to learn war or the art of war rem militarem or militiam discere: militare discere; under anyone sub aliquo: war-footing belli ratio: to put the army on a war-footing exercitum or copias omnibus rebus ornare atque instruere: exercitum instruere (cf. Herzog Caes. B.G. 7 18): to put the navy on a war-footing classem expedire atque instruere (Vid: Hirt. B. Alex. 25): the army is on a war-footing exercitus omnibus rebus ornatus atque instructus est.

war (subs.):

1. bellum: discord at home and w. abroad, discordia domi et bellum foris, Liv. 2, 43, init.: an army is levied for two w.s at once, ad duo simul bella exercitus scribitur, id. 2, 43, med. Uses with adj.: foreign w., bellum externum, Liv.: Tac.: civil, intestine w., b. civile, intestinum, domesticum, Cic.: Tac.: Caes.: w. by land, *b. terrestre, pedestre (cf. Cic. Sen. 5, 13): w. by sea, b. navale: Cic.: *b. maritimum (Georg.): offensive w., *b. ultro inferendum (of w. yet to be begun), b. ultro illatum (of w. already begun): w. of extermination, to the knife, b. internecinum, Liv. 9, 25, extr.: Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7: regular w. (as opposed to guerilla warfare, etc.), justum b., id. Cat. 2, 1, 1: w. with or against any one, is expressed either by preps., cum, in, contra, adversus, according to the verb used, or by an adj., as: w. with the slaves, servile b., Cic.: with the Gauls, Gallicum, Caes.: with pirates, piraticum, Plin.: w. (contest) with the tribunes, b. tribunicium, Liv. 3, 24. The place of the war is expressed by preps.; in (of countries). apud (near, of lakes, towns), circa (round, esp. if a town be beleaguered): thus, b. in Italia, apud Mutinam, Regillam, circa Numantiam gestum. Or an adj. is used: the w. in Illyria, b. Illyricum. W. for one's country, b. pro patria: w. for religion, sacred w., *b. pro religionibus, pro sacris gestum. Common uses with verb: to intend w., bellum meditari, cogitare: to seek occasion of w., *bellum quaerere (Georg.): to prepare w., b. parare, comparare (of the gathering of the forces), Cic.: Liv.: apparare, Nep.: adornare, instruere (of the arrangement and provisioning, etc.), Cic.: to threaten w., b. minari, minitari, denuntiare (this last not to declare, comp. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36, denunciatum ante et indictum, first threatened and duly declared, with Cic. Phil. 6, 2, 4): to declare w., b. indicere (of a formal declaration that the w. is begun): I and the Roman people do therefore declare and begin w. against the Latins, ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus Latinis b. indico facioque, Liv. 1, 32, fin.: used also fig.: I declare w. against my stomach, ventri indico b., Hor. S. 1, 5, 7: to decree w., decernere (of the senate), jubere (of the people), Liv. 41, 7: to stir up w., b. movere, commovere, concitare, excitare: to begin w.: b. inchoare, incipere, suscipere (to take up): Cic.: Liv.: Tac.: to take part in w., b. capessere: to induce others to take part with himself in a w., ad bellum secum capessendum incitare, Liv. 26, 25: also c. partem b., id. 31, 28: to take in hand w., sumere (rare, and implies some choice or wilful taking: cf. Tac. Hist. 4, 69). roused by this they all chose w., his instincti sumpsere universi bellum, Tac. Agr. 16: to go forth to w., take the field, in b. proficisci, Liv.: Caes.: to wage w., b. gerere (commonest word, both of general and soldiers), facere, agere, Cic.: Liv.: Caes.: to conduct w., administrare (of the general): Cic.: to wage w. against, b. inferre alicui, bello persequi, lacessere (of the aggressor): Cic.: Liv.: to maintain a w., b. sustinere: Cic.: to protract a w., b. trahere, ducere: Cic.: Liv.: Caes.: to end a w., conficere, perficere, Cic.: Caes.: componere (by mutual arrangement): Tac.: Nep.: ponere, deponere (to lay aside): Liv.: Tac.: patrare: Tac.: Sall. (an emphatic word, not thought refined by Quintilian, Inst. 8, 3, 4): to nearly end a w. by a masterly stroke, profligare b.: the w. being virtually ended and well-nigh out of our sight, bello profligato ac paene sublato, Cic. Fam. 12, 30, 2 (cf. Flor. 2, 15, 2, who says of the three Punic wars considered as one struggle, primo tempore commissum est bellum, profligatum secundo, tertio vero confectum). In w., bello, belli tempore: in w. and peace, pace belloque, domi belloque, domi bellique, or, in reverse order, belli domique, etc.

2. arma, orum (arms): in peace rather than in w., pace potius quam armis, Liv. 5, 35, extr.: civil w., civilia arma, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 3: let w. yield to peace, cedant arma togae, id. Off. 1, 22, 77: and in many phrr. arma may take the place of bellum, esp. in poetry or oratory.

3. mīlĭtia (military service): great knowledge of w., militiae magna scientia, Sall. J. 63: at home and in w., domi militiaeque, Cic.: Liv.

4. tŭmultus, ūs (a disturbance, w. suddenly breaking out, esp. near Rome): beyond the troublous w. of Gaul and Italy, extra tumultum Gallicum Italicumque, Cic. Phil. 5, 19, 53: cf. ib. 8, 1, 2. Phr.: the art of w., res militaris, disciplina militaris, bellica, Cic.: arts, manoeuvres, of w., artes belli, Liv.: man-of-w. (a w.-ship), navis longa: v. SHIP: to put the army on a w.-footing, *exercitum instruere omnibus rebus ad belli usum necessariis (Kr.): to put the navy on a w.-footing, classem expedire atque instruere, Hirt. B. Al. 25: the w. was ended by a single battle, uno proelio debellatum est, Liv. 2, 26, extr.: a wordy w., rixa, jurgium: v. QUARREL.

war (v.):

1. bello, 1: to w. against the Romans, adversus Romanos bellare, Liv. 9, 42, fin.

2. bellĭgĕro, 1: to w. against neighbouring tribes, adversum accolas belligerare, Tac. A. 4, 46: I had to w. with fortune, cum fortuna belligerandum fuit, Cic. ad Quir. post Redit. 8, 19: v. WAR.

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