servio

servĭo, īvi and ii, ītum, 4 (imperf. servibas, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 50 (244); fut. servibo, id. Men. 5, 9, 42 (1101); id. Merc. 3, 2, 3 (546); Ter. Hec. 495: servibit, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 76 (634); id. Trin. 2, 2, 27 (302)), v. n. (once pass., v. I. B. infra) [servus], to be a servant or slave, to serve, be in service (freq. and class.).

• I Lit.
• • • • • α Absol.: Ha. Quid tu, servusne es, an liber? Ps. Nunc quidem etiam servio, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 16 (609): nunc qui minus servio, quam si forem serva nata? id. Rud. 1, 3, 37 (221): in liberatā terrā liberatores ejus servire, Liv. 34, 50: per centum annos, id. 39, 37, 5: an addictus, quem lex servire, donec solverit, jubet, servus sit, Quint. 7, 3, 26: qui Libertate caret, Serviet aeternum, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 41: servire liberaliter, Ter. And. 38: serviet utiliter (captivus), Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 70 et saep.: servire juste (opp. injuste imperare), Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; id. Phil. 6, 7, 19: vincti per centum annos servistis, Liv. 39, 37: servit vetus hostis Cantaber, serā domitus catenā, Hor. C. 3, 8, 21.—
        • β With dat. of the person to whom service is rendered, to be enslaved to, to serve: justum est, tuos tibi servos tuo arbitratu serviat, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 71 (995): lenoni, Ter. Phorm. 83: servitum tibi me abducito, ni fecero, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 105 (519): venire in eum locum, ubi parendum alteri et serviendum sit, Cic. Rab. Post. 8, 22; cf.: sive regi sive optimatibus serviant, id. Rep. 1, 35, 55: ut hoc populorum intersit, utrum comi domino an aspero serviant, etc., id. ib. 1, 33, 50: Athenas victas Lacedaemoniis servire pati, Nep. Alcib. 9, 4: minata, Servitura suo Capitolia nostra Canopo, Ov. M. 15, 827.—
        • γ With apud: tam ille apud nos servit, quam ego nunc hic apud te servio, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 62 (312): filius meus illi apud vos servit captus in Alide, id. ib. 2, 2, 80 (330): hoc pacto apud te serviam, id. Aul. 1, 1, 12 (51): apud lenonem, id. Poen. 4, 2, 87 (909): si quis apud nos servisset, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182.—
        • δ With homogeneous object: servitutem: qui in servitute est eo jure, quo servus, aut, ut antiqui dixerunt, qui servitutem servit, Quint. 7, 3, 26: tu usque a puero servitutem servivisti in Alide, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 12 (544): quorum majorum nemo servitutem servivit, Cic. Top. 6, 29; id. Mur. 29, 61: qui (cives) servitutem servissent, Liv. 40, 18, 7; 45, 15, 5: neque erile negotium plus curat quam si non servitutem serviat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 2 (482); 3, 1, 150 (745) (not servitute, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—So with dat. of person: me servitutem servire huic homini optumo, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 31 (391); id. Aul. 4, 1, 6 (592); id. Rud. 3, 4, 42 (747); cf.: sed is privatam servitutem servit illi an publicam? id. Capt. 2, 2, 84 (334) (v. infra, II.): ego haud diu: ab ineunte adulescentiā tuis servivi servitutem imperiis, id. Trin. 2, 2, 21 (296); and with apud: apud hunc servitutem servio, id. Mil. 2, 1, 17 (95).—
  • B Pass. (perh. only in the foll. passage): adsuescamus ... servis paucioribus serviri, Sen. Tranq. 9, 3.—
• II In gen., with dat. of object (a person or thing), to be devoted or subject to; to be of use or service to; to serve for, be fit or useful for; to do a service to, to comply with, gratify, humor, accommodate; to have respect to, to regard or care for; to consult, aim at, to accommodate one's self to, etc. (so esp. freq. in Cic.; cf.: pareo, appareo, ministro): tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25 (119); Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48: quoniam sibi (rei publicae) servissem semper, numquam mihi ... ut jam mihi servirem, consulerem meis, id. Planc. 38, 92; cf.: servire populo, id. ib. 4, 11; id. Fin. 5, 9, 27 et saep.: cum is, qui imperat aliis, servit ipse nulli cupiditati, id. Rep. 1, 34, 52; cf.: cum homines cupiditatibus iis, quibus ceteri serviunt, imperabunt, id. Lael. 22, 82: aetati hujus, id. Fin. 5, 9, 27: mori alicujus, Nep. Them. 1, 3: semper aut belli aut pacis serviit artibus, Vell. 1, 13, 3: amori aliorum flagitiosissime, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8: auribus alicujus, Caes. B. C. 2, 27: bello, id. B. G. 7, 34: brevitati, Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 327: commodis alicujus, id. Rep. 1, 4, 8; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 24; id. Inv. 2, 45, 132: rei publicae commodis, id. Div. in Caecil. 20, 64; cf.: compendio suo privato, Caes. B. C. 3, 32: constantiae, Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5: dignitati (with consulere rei publicae), id. Sest. 10, 23: dolori meo, id. ib. 6, 14: existimationi, id. Verr. 1, 10, 29; id. Att. 5, 11, 5: famae, id. ib. 5, 10, 2: gloriae, id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9: gravitati vocum aut suavitati, id. Or. 54, 182: vel honori multorum vel periculo (with obedire tempori), id. Brut. 69, 242: indulgentiae, id. Cael. 32, 79: iracundiae (with parere dolori), id. Prov. Cons. 1, 2: laudi et gloriae, id. Cat. 1, 9, 23: laudi existimationique, id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5: numeris (orationis), id. Or. 52, 176: oculis civium, id. Phil. 8, 10, 29: pecuniae, id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9: personae, id. Off. 3, 29, 106: petitioni, id. Verr. 1, 9, 24: posteritati, id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35: rei familiari, id. Rosc. Am. 15, 43; cf. rei, Ter. Hec. 224: rumori, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 14 (640); Caes. B. G. 4, 5 fin.: tempori, Cic. Sest. 6, 14; id. Tusc. 3, 27, 66; id. Att. 8, 3, 6; 10, 7, 1: utilitati salutique, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27: valetudini, id. Fam. 16, 18, 1: vectigalibus, id. de Or. 2, 40, 171: venustati vel maxime, id. ib. 2, 78, 316; 2, 80, 327: verbis praecedentibus, Quint. 9, 4, 63.— Pass. impers.: ut communi utilitati serviatur, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31: concisum est ita, ut non brevitati servitum sit, sed magis venustati, id. de Or. 2, 80, 327.—
• • • • • β With homogeneous object (cf. supra, I. δ): ab ineunte adulescentiā Tuis servivi servitutem imperiis et praeceptis, pater ... Meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 21 (296) sqq.—
  • B Transf., of things.
  • • 1 In gen., to help, assist, be serviceable to, be useful for (post-Aug.): ut totus truncus alienigenis surculis serviat, Col. 4, 29, 14; cf.: tabularia debent servire gallinis, id. 6, 3, 2: chartis serviunt calami, Plin. 16, 36, 64, § 157: candelae luminibus et funeribus serviunt, id. 16, 37, 70, § 178: eademque materia et cibis et probris serviat, id. 33, 12, 54, § 152: laetor quod domus aliquando C. Cassi, serviet domino non minori, Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 8.—
    • 2 Esp., jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., to be subject to a servitude: praedia, quae serviebant, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9; so, aedes, id. Off. 3, 16, 67: neque servire quandam earum aedium partem in mancipi lege dixisset, id. de Or. 1, 39, 178: eodem numero (incorporalium) sunt et jura praediorum urbanorum et rusticorum, quae etiam servitutes vocantur, Gai. Inst. 2, 14 fin.; Paul. Sent. 1, 17; cf. Dig. 8, 2, 20, §§ 3 and 5; 8, 6, 8, § 1 al.; and v. servitus, II. B., and servus, II.

servio, īvī u. iī, ītum, īre (servus), dienen, dienstbar sein, Sklave sein, I) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: apud alqm, Cic.: alci, Ter.: servire regi humiliter, aliis superbe imperare, Liv. (vgl. quae etiam imperitare ceteris debet, servit aliis, Apul.): absol., humiliter servire (Ggstz. superbe dominari), Liv.: L. Voltacilius Pilutus servisse dicitur, Suet. – m. homogen. Acc., servitutem, Cic.: privatam servitutem servire alci, Plaut. – im Passiv, servis paucioribus serviri, von w. Sklaven sich bedienen lassen, Sen. de tranqu. anim. 9, 3 zw. – 2) übtr., v. lebl. Subjj.: a) als Haus, Acker usw., in gewissen Stücken jmdm. unterworfen sein, wenn der Nachbar das Licht verbauen darf usw., eine Servitut auf sich haben, eae (aedes) serviebant, Cic.: omnia (praedia), quae serviebant, Cic. – b) zu etwas dienen, dienlich sein, taugen, gebraucht werden, chartis serviunt calami, Plin.: candelae luminibus et funeribus serviunt, Plin.: domus serviet domino non minori, Plin. ep. – II) bildl.: 1) jmdm. od. einer Sache dienen, Dienste erweisen, gefällig sein, willfahren, alci, Cic.: amori aliorum, Cic.: auribus alcis, Caes.: iracundiae, Cic.: totus tibi serviet hornus, zu Diensten stehen, Calp.: quid comparabile habebat honor a me delatus illi et servitus (erwiesen) ab illa mihi? Augustin. conf. 9, 12, 30. – 2) einer Sache gleichs. dienen, a) = einer Sache nachleben, frönen, für etw.leben, sorgen, auf etw. hinarbeiten, bedacht sein, einer Sache seine ganze Aufmerksamkeit widmen, brevitati, Cic.: valetudini, Cic.: abdomini, Sen.: gloriae, Cic.: posteritati, Cic.: paci, Nep.: alcis amori flagitiosissime, Cic.: bello, tun, was der Krieg fordert, Caes. – b) nach etwas sich richten, einer Sache sich anbequemen, willfahren, von etw. sich beherrschen lassen, incertis rumoribus, Caes.: tempori, sich in die Zeit schicken, Cic.: personae (Rolle), dem Charakter treu bleiben, Cic.: archaist. m. Acc., modice atque parce eius serviat cupidines, Turpil. com. 39: numquam unius me comparavi servire eligantiam (= elegantiam), ibid. 99. – ➳ Synk. Imperf. servibas, Plaut. capt. 247: servibant, Ven. Fort. carm. 10, 9, 49: Fut. servibo etc., Plaut. Men. 1101 u.a. Ter. Hec. 495.

See: servire

servĭō, (8) īvī et ĭī, ītum, īre (servus), intr., ¶ 1 être esclave, vivre dans la servitude : Cic. Rep. 3, 28 ; Phil. 6, 19 || alicui Cic. Rep. 1, 50, être esclave de qqn, être asservi à qqn, cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 55 ; Nep. Alc. 9, 4 ; apud aliquem Cic. de Or. 1, 182, être esclave chez qqn || [acc. de lʼobjet intérieur] : servitutem servire Cic. Mur. 61, être dans la condition dʼesclave, cf. Cic. Top. 29 ; Liv. 40, 18, 7 ; 45, 15, 5 ; Quint. 7, 3, 26 ; servitutem servire alicui Pl. Aul. 592, être lʼesclave de qqn, cf. Pl. Capt. 391, etc. ¶ 2 [en parl. de choses] a) domus serviet domino non minori Plin. Min. Ep. 7, 24, 8, la maison servira un maître qui ne le cède pas au précédent ; b) prædia, quæ serviebant Cic. Agr. 3, 9, les terres frappées dʼune servitude, cf. Cic. Off. 3, 67 ; de Or. 1, 178 ¶ 3 [fig.] a) être sous la dépendance de, être esclave de, être soumis à [avec dat.] : cupiditatibus Cic. Læl. 82, être esclave des passions ; alicui Cic. Amer. 48, se faire lʼesclave de qqn ; servitum est brevitati Cic. de Or. 2, 327, on sʼest asservi à la concision ; b) se mettre au service de, être dévoué à [avec dat.] : temporibus suorum pecuniā, gratiā Cic. Cæl. 13, mettre au service de ses amis dans lʼembarras son argent, son crédit ; commodis alicujus Cic. Rep. 1, 8, se dévouer aux intérêts de qqn, cf. Cic. Q. 1, 1, 27 ; Cæc. 64 ; Sest. 23, etc.; populo Cic. Planc. 11, servir la cause du peuple || [pass. impers.] : ut communi utilitati serviatur Cic. Off. 1, 31, quʼon soit dévoué à lʼintérêt général.

➳ arch. impf. servibas Pl. Capt. 247 || fut. servibo Pl. Men. 1101, etc. ; Ter. Hec. 495.

servio , is, ivi vel ii, itum, ire. n. 4.
當奴。服事。扶侍。有用。顧。聽人使。随時。— pecuniae 謀積財。— valetudini 自顧無恙。— commodis alterius 照顧人之益。— liberaliter 大方接待人。— aetati ejus 顧讓其老。— posteritati ejus 顧其子孫。— famae ejus 顧其好名。— auribus ejus 奉承彼。— scenae vel tempori 隨時。E scirpis, detracto cortice, candelae luminibus et funeribus serviunt 去皮燈草之蠟燭可用光照及出殯。Serviatur. p. \Servibo pro Serviam. \Servibam pro Serviebam.

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serviō (-vības, -vībō, T.), īvī, ītus, īre

• servus, to be a servant, be enslaved, serve, be in service: liberaliter, T.: in liberatā terrā liberatores eius servire, L.: qui Libertate caret, Serviet aeternum, H.: populumR.servire fas non est: lenoni, T.: homini nemini: domino: Athenas victas Lacedaemoniis servire pati, N.: apud nos: servitutem, C., L.—Fig., to be devoted, serve, labor for, aim at, have regard to: tibi serviet, tibi lenocinabitur: amicis, N.: nostris commodis: suo privato compendio, Cs.: oculis civium: pecuniae: posteritati: rumoribus, Cs.: valetudini: ut communi utilitati serviatur.—To be subject, be governed by, be enslaved to: nulli cupiditati: cupiditatibus iis, quibus ceteri serviunt, imperare.—To comply with, court, humor, gratify, conform: aliorum amori: auribus Vari, i. e. flatter, Cs.: tempori.—In law, of lands, to be under a servitude, be subject to an easement: praedia, quae serviebant.