servitus

servĭtūs, ūtis (gen. plur. servitutium, Dig. 8, 2, 32 fin.; 8, 3, 1 fin.; and acc. to Ritschl also Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14 (418)), f. [servus], the condition of a servus; slavery, serfdom, service, servitude (freq. and class.).

• I Lit.: servitus est constitutio juris gentium, quā quis dominio alieno contra naturam subicitur, Dig. 1, 5, 4; Just. Inst. 1, 3, 2: servitutem servire, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 31 (391) (v. this freq. occurring phrase under servio, I. δ): quibus nunc aerumna mea libertatem paro, Quibus servitutem mea miseria deprecor? Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 9 (Trag. v. 173 Vahl.): domi fuistis liberi: Nunc servitus si evenit, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4 (198): qui hodie fuerim liber, eum nunc potivit pater servitutis, id. Am. 1, 1, 24 (176) Fleck.: quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: ipsam (mulierem) in servitutem adjudicare, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 56: ista corruptela servi si impunita fuerit ... fit in dominatu servitus, in servitute dominatus, id. Deiot. 11, 30: mors servituti anteponenda, id. Off. 1, 23, 81: servitutem perpessi, id. Phil. 8, 11, 32: aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt, populi Romani est propria libertas, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: servitutem pati, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: similitudo servitutis id. Rep. 1, 27, 43: hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsā servitute afficit, etc... Nimia illa libertas in nimiam servitutem cadit, id. ib. 1, 44, 68: socios nostros in servitutem abduxerunt, id. Pis. 34, 84: servitutis jugum, id. Rep. 2, 25, 47: Themistocles cum servitute Graeciam liberasset, id. Lael. 12, 42: conjuges in servitutem abstrahi, Caes. B. G. 7, 14; addicere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 56; Caes. B. G. 7, 77: liberum populum servitute adficere, Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68: asserere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 44, 5; 34, 18, 2; Suet. Tib. 2.—*
• • • • • β As a verbal noun with dat.: opulento homini hoc servitus dura est, this serving or being servant of a rich man, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12 (164).—
• II Transf.
• • A In gen. (acc to servio, II.), servitude, subjection: numquam salvis suis exuitur servitus muliebris; et ipsae libertatem, quam viduitas et orbitas facit, detestantur, Liv. 34, 7 Drak.: silvestres gallinae in servitute non foetant, in confinement, Col. 8, 12; so id. 8, 15, 7: hujus tanti officii servitutem astringebam testimonio sempiterno, Cic. Planc. 30, 74: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis, id. Off. 1, 42, 150; cf.: ut se homines ad servitutem juris astringerent, Quint. 2, 16, 9; 7, 3, 16.—
  • B The government, rule, dominion of a master: tibi Apud me justa et clemens servitus, Ter. And. 36.—
  • C (Acc. to servio, II. B.) Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., a liability resting upon them, an easement, servitude: servitutes praediorum rusticorum sunt hae: iter, actus, via, aquaeductus, Dig. 8, 3, 1: jura praediorum urbanorum, quae servitutes vocantur, Gai. Inst. 2, 14: servitute fundo illi imposita, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 3: specus servitutis putat aliquid habituros, id. Att. 15, 26, 4.—
  • D Concr. (for the class. servitium), slaves, servants (collect.); poet. of lovers: adde quod pubes tibi crescit omnis, Servitus crescit nova (= catervae amatorum semper novorum). Hor. C. 2, 8, 18; cf. Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14 (418) Ritschl.

servitūs, ūtis, f. (servus), die Dienstbarkeit eines Sklaven, die Sklaverei, der Sklavenstand, Sklavendienst, die Knechtschaft, I) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig., sowohl einzelner als ganzer Staaten, iusta, Ter.: diutina, Cic.: perpetua, Caes.: opulento homini (bei einem r. Manne) dura hoc magis servitus est, Plaut. – alqm in servitutem abducere, Cic.: coniuges in servitutem abstrahere, Caes.: addicere alqm in servitutem, Cic., perpetuae servituti, Caes.: afficere liberum populum servitute, Cic.: anteponere mortem servituti, Cic.: asserere alqm in servitutem, Liv.: cadit libertas in nimiam servitutem, Cic.: ex Macedona ac libero in Persicam servitutem transire, Sen.: ipse me dedi in servitutem, Petron.: depellere a civibus suis iniustum illud durae servitutis iugum, Cic.: depellere a Syracusanis inveteratam servitutem, Nep.: esse in servitute, in der Sklav. sein, ein Sklave sein, Cic.: excutere cervicibus iugum servitutis, Iustin.: alqm eximere servitute, Liv.: exuere servitutem, Liv.: imponere alci servitutem, Sall. fr.: iniungere civitatibus perpetuam servitutem, Caes.: iniungere alci miseram et onerosam servitutem, Suet.: Graeciam servitute liberare, Cic.: mittere urbes in servitutem, Liv.: civitatem servitute oppressam tenere, Nep.: pati servitutem, Tac.: redigere alqm in servitutem, Plaut.: miserrimam servitutem recordari, Iustin.: repellere servitutem a civibus, Cic.: servire servitutem, s. servio: patriam a XXX tyrannis oppressam e servitute in libertatem vindicare, Nep. – u. von der Dienstbarkeit, v. Dienste für Bezahlung, est in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis, Cic. de off. 1, 150. – Plur., captivitates urbium et sublatis ingenuitatibus servitutes, Arnob. 2, 76. – 2) übtr.: a) übh. Dienstbarkeit, Unterwürfigkeit, Gehorsam, einer Frau gegen den Mann, muliebris, Liv.: eines Sohnes gegen den Vater, Plaut.: officii, Verbindlichkeit zur Pflicht zu gehorchen, Cic.: iuris, Verbindlichkeit, den Gesetzen zu gehorchen, Quint. – b) v. Häusern, Äckern usw., die darauf haftende Verbindlichkeit, -Verpflichtung, die Servitut, praediorum, ICt.: fundo servitutem imponere, Cic. – II) meton., die Sklaven, servitus crescit nova, von den Liebhabern eines Mädchens, Hor. carm. 2, 8, 18: ut servitutes opprimerent, Arnob. 2, 39. – ➳ servitutium ist Plaut. Pers. 418 unnötige Konjektur, s. servitricius.

servitus [CL] 1 slavery, bondage, servitude, serfdom; b (to God); c (to devil); d (to mode of behaviour); e (to human condition). aut perfectam libertatem habebit aut omnino ~uti subjacebit Simil. Anselmi 53; Anglos olim ‥ emere passim et in ~utem redigere consueverant Gir. EH I 18; rogat quod puer non interficiatur sed vivat et paciatur jugum ~utis Trevet Troades 54; lex evangelica esset intolerabilis ~utis Ockham Pol. I 29; crudelis est lex que liberi prolem sine culpa subdit ~uti Fortescue LLA 42.  b accedere ad ~utem Dei in monasterium Theod. Pen. II 12. 8 (cf. Sirach ii 1); reges de novo creati sunt, cum rex regum Christus in suam eos transtulit ~utem J. Ford Serm. 67. 4.  c suo nos sanguine redimens a daemoniacae dominationis ~ute liberavit Bede Gen. 25B; servos et ancillas ‥ quos omnes, ut baptizando a ~ute daemonica salvavit, etiam libertate donando humanae jugo servitutis absolvit Id. HE IV 13 p. 232; c797 liberate vosmetipsos de diabolica ~ute Alcuin Ep. 131; sic a ~ute diaboli emancipatus et animi libertati redditus W. Malm. GP V 261.  d nos miseros peccati ~ute depressos H. Reading (I) Haeret. III 1284C; altera [vita] est secundum Epicureos corporearum voluptatum ~us Bern. Comm. Aen. 79.  e de laboriosa hujus vitae ~ute Felix Guthl. 50 (v. laboriosus 3a); laudetur ‥ mancipato ~uti corpore, animus liber Gir. TH intr. p. 8; [Jesus] caritate ‥ eas [passiones] non necessitate suscepit nec ~ute conditionis sed miserationis affectu J. Ford Serm. 28. 3. 2 (political) subjugation, subordination, servitude; b (w. ref. to the exile of Israel). tu Gallicam libertatem in ~utem redegisti Eadmer Wilf. 33; tota patria ‥ ~utem infremuisset barbaricam W. Malm. GR II 162; Westsexas ~utis horror accendebat H. Hunt. HA IV 19; Christiani principes, qui laborant ad eorum conversionem ‥ volunt eos reducere in ~utem Bacon Mor. Phil. 200.  b 1146 cepit eis ~us Egiptiaca displicere G. Foliot Ep. 49 (cf. Exod. viii); septuaginta annos quibus Israel fuit sub ~ute Babylonis Beleth RDO 77. 82C. 3 duty or money owed in respect of a holding of land; b (~us terrena); c (~us saecularis); d (~us regalis); e (w. ref. to tenure by the unfree ~us rusticana). f form of tax. haec tellus a cuncto sit immunis ~u CS 926; 1104 (11c) si quispiam ‥ hunc locum devastare ‥ aut in ~utem studuerit redigere CD 710; ut ‥ exactorias ~utes persolverent Ord. Vit. VI 6 p. 34 (v. exactorius); ut nullam coactitiam exhibeant ~utem Ib. VI 7 p. 36 (v. generalis 6); 1235 de redditibus, consuetudinibus, et ~utibus debitis domino abbati et servientibus ejus tam a liberis hominibus quam a servis Cust. Glast. 114; 1376 nisi ipse possit legitime probare quare debeat a predicta ~ute liberari Hal. Durh. 137.  b 681 (13c) xxx cassatos ‥ abbati ‥ in libertatem terrenarum ~utum ‥ largitus sum Reg. Malm. I 282 (= CS 58); 975 (11c) rus omni terrenae ~utis jugo liberum CS 1312.  c 948 (12c) sit ‥ praedictum rus liberum ab omni fiscali tributo seculariumque ~utum exinanitum sine expeditione et pontis arcisve constructione CS 871.  d 858 terram ‥ ab omni ~ute regali operis eternaliter liverabo CS 496.  e quod si aliquid de predicto dominio in rusticanam ~utem translatum est ‥ decima ‥ integra permaneat Reg. Roff. 267.  f 1311 consules et universitas civitatis Agennes’ hominibus parochiarum predictarum novas ~utes imponere ipsosque homines compellere nituntur ad ‥ expensas communes ‥ una cum eisdem ‥ faciendas RGasc IV 485; ~utes onerose Ib.. 4 (act of) service, work done in service. b worship. c739 (11c) ab omni tributo ‥ sit libera in perpetuum ‥ statuo tantum ut Deo ‥ ex eodem agello aecclesiasticae ~utis famulatum inpendat CS 165; Uulfhardo presbytero beatae memoriae Æðelheardi archiepiscopi famulo devoto †per [l. pro] ejus viz. nobis omnibus ~ute utriusque vitae fidelissima CS 321; rursumque ei eadem ~us [AS: ðeowdom] exhibeatur RegulC 42; cum venisset summus Anglorum pontifex ‥ coepit primum ‥ sublimioribus Christi ~utibus se subjugare B. V. Dunst. 28; omnesque ‥ pro militari ~ute muneratos domum abire ‥ permisit Ord. Vit. IV 4 p. 187; multitudini cocorum et pistorum ~us deerat Ib. XIII 26 p. 73.  b divinae ~uti RegulC 35 (v. divinus 4a); clerici affuerunt, et cum episcopis suis divine ~utis ministerium solenniter compleverunt Ord. Vit. X 11 p. 66; avaricia est ~us ydolorum et radix omnium malorum Plusc. VII 19.

servĭtūs, (8) ūtis, f. (servus), ¶ 1 condition dʼesclave, servitude : Cic. Dej. 30, etc.; Cæs. G. 7, 14, etc. ¶ 2 servitude politique, sujétion, asservissement : Cic. Rep. 1, 68 ; 2, 47 ; Læl. 42, etc. ; Cæs. G. 7, 77, 15, etc. ¶ 3 [fig.] a) servitude, sujétion, état de dépendance : officii Cic. Planc. 74, état de dépendance imposé par des services reçus, cf. Liv. 34, 7, 12 ; b) servitude de terres, dʼimmeubles : Cic. Q. 3, 1, 3 ; Att. 15, 26, 4 ¶ 4 [poét.] = servitium : Hor. O. 2, 8, 18.

servitus , utis. f.
役。當奴。奴夥。通行之路。

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servitūs ūtis, f

• servus, the condition of a servant, slavery, serfdom, service, servitude: (mulierem) in servitutem adiudicare: servitutem pati: similitudo servitutis: socios in servitutem abducere: servitute Graeciam liberare: iusta et clemens, i. e. under a just and kind master, T.—Servitude, subjection: muliebris, L.: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis.—Of landed property, a liability, easement, servitude: servitute fundo illi inpositā.—Collect., slaves, servants: Servitus crescit nova, i. e. the throng of lovers, H.

SERVITUS

SE´RVITUS[SERVUS]

Servĭtus

See servus.