stola

stŏla, ae, f., = στολή, a long upper garment.

• I Orig., as with the Greeks, worn by any one: squalidā saeptus stolā, Enn. ap. Non. 537, 27 (Trag. v. 373 Vahl.); Ov. F. 6, 654: saeptus mendici stolā, Enn. ap. Non. 537, 28 (Trag. v. 372 Vahl.): lugubri stolā succincta, id. ib. 198, 4 (Trag. v. 134 id.); so, muliebris, Varr. ib. 537, 29 sq.—
• II Later, with the Romans, in partic.,
• • A Lit., a long female upper garment, worn by the Roman matrons, and reaching from the neck to the ankles, a robe, gown, stole (cf. palla): vestimenta muliebria ... veluti stolae, pallia, tunicae, etc., Dig. 34, 2, 23; cf.: vir fortis stolam indutus, Sen. Vit. Beat. 13, 3: (Dianae) erat admodum amplum signum cum stolā, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74: ad talos stola demissa, Hor. S. 1, 2, 99; Ov. P. 3, 3, 52; cf. id. Tr. 2, 252; Mart. 3, 93, 4; 10, 5, 1; Auct. Priap. 12, 11: tamquam stolam dedisset, in matrimonio conlocavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—Hence, also, of the dress of a voluptuary, Hor. S. 1, 2, 71; of a cithern-player, Varr. R. R. 3, 13, 3; Ov. F. 6, 654; of the priests of Isis, Ap. Met. 11, 24, 2.—
  • B Transf., a noble woman, lady, dame, matron: hic eques, hic juvenum coetu stola mixta laborat, Stat. S. 1, 2, 235; Plin. 33, 3, 12, § 140; Val. Max. 2, 1, 5. —
• III In eccl. Lat., a royal robe, Vulg. 1 Par. 15, 27.—
• • • 2 Of the Jewish priests, Vulg. 2 Macc. 3, 15.—
    • 3 A dress of ceremony, Vulg. Luc. 20, 46.

stola, ae, f. (στολή), ein langes Kleid, das vom Halfe bis auf die Knöchel geht, I) der ehrbaren, vornehmen Frau, das Damenkleid, die Stola, Dianae amplum signum cum stola, Cic.: stola longa, Ov.: mulierum stola, Varro LL.: stola nuptialis, Cassiod.: cunnus velatus stolā, Hor.: stola haesit (blieb hangen) ei, Plin. ep. – meton. = vornehme Dame, Patrizierin, Stat. silv. 1, 2, 335. Plin. 33, 40. – II) des Mannes, der Talar, Enn. fr. scen. 330 u. 339: amicti stolis albis, Vulg. apoc. 7, 13. – Bes.: a) der Flötenspieler am Minervafeste, der Talar, Ov. fast. 6, 654. – b) der Isispriester, Apul. met. 11, 24.

1 stola [CL < στολή] 1 (sort of) garment. ~a, gyrlan GlP 679; orarium, ~a que involvit ora Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 399; justi ‥ [qui] amicti ~is albis a Joanne [Apoc. vii 9] visi sunt ‥ palmas in manibus habuisse dicuntur J. Ford Serm. 81. 1; eis penitenciam injunctam per archiepiscopum ‥ fecerunt, viz. ipsi nudi pedes in ~is suis, camisiis, et braccis ‥ per medium civitatis ‥ iverunt Ann. Lond. 130; ? 13‥ de vexillis et ~is, iiij d. EEC 180; 1421 pro c warp' ollarum terre, vj hod' hoppes, xl ~is, v cobbordes, pr' iij lii v s. Ib. 503. 2 (spec.) garment marking status or office. in die Dominice resurrectionis imperiali ~a circumdatus, cum dextram sceptrum, caput ornaret corona ‥ regiam accessit ad mensam Ailr. Ed. Conf. 767C; novit ‥ clerus ‥ quanta me gloria sequeretur, si domini mei regis in omnibus voluntati obsequerer, qui duplicis revera glorie ~a insignirer tunc, sicut sacerdotali et regia H. Bos. Thom. IV 11 p. 352; Gallis confessor datus est Edmundus, et Anglis / martyr, utrique tamen Anglia mater erat. / hic rex, hic primas; hic miles, et ille sacerdos; / dispare morte pares sunt in honore stole Garl. Tri. Eccl. 115. 3 (eccl.) stole: a (denoting priesthood); b (denoting diaconate); c (~a archiepiscopatus or sim., w. ref. to pallium); d (unspec.). a postea inponas ~am super collum levitae Egb. Pont. 17; abbas ~a et cappa indutus benedicat candelas RegulC 33; ut ‥ ~am sacerdotalem artificiosa operatione praepingeret Osb. V. Dunst. 10; socios ad suscipiendum / stemma sacerdotii Dominus me fecit habere / ornavitque stolis Leviticus ordo ducentos / ‥ ad Christi sacra ministros Ord. Vit. XI 30 p. 273; 1206 unam casulam ‥ quandam capam ‥ tunicam et dalmaticam ‥ quandam albam ‥ ~am, phanon' Pat 58b; episcopus ‥ jugum Domini suave [Matth. xi 30] eis imponit, dum collum illorum ~a cingit Gir. PI I 19 p. 111; a1340 ad vicarios ‥ pertinet ‥ ~a que cum corpore Christi ad mortuos defertur que utitur in exequiis mortuorum Fabr. York 164.  b procedant ad altare sacerdos et levita soli, sacerdos in casula, diaconus in ~a Lanfr. Const. 114; his ita gestis, sacerdos resumpta casula cum stola, et diaconus ~a ‥ vadant ad locum ubi ‥ Ib. 116; post biennium ‥ antistes michi ~am imposuit diaconii Ord. Vit. XIII 45 p. 136; his [sc. diaconis] ordinandis episcopus ~am dat ‥. ideoque sinistris eorum humeris et non dextris ~a imponitur Gir. PI I 19 p. 112.  c s1095 episcopus Angliam veniens secum archiepiscopatus ~am, papa mittente, clanculo detulit. ‥ ad regem properabat, nulli de pallio quod ferebat quicquam dicens Eadmer HN p. 78; Romam ad papam Urbanum pro ~a sui archiepiscopatus eundi licentiam Eadmer V. Anselmi II 16; is pro ~a archiepiscopatus Romam petens Id. V. Osw. 9; apostolorum decrevit limina visitare, ut archipresulatus sui ~a a romano infularetur pontifice Brev. Hyda f. 240v.  d dictus Anglie metropolitanus cum omnibus suffraganeis ibidem existentibus accensa candela sub una ~a omnes ‥ contravenientes ‥ solempniter excommunicarunt extinguendo candelam Favent 24. 4 (fig. or in fig. context, as representing moral or spiritual condition); b (w. prima, freq. w. ref. to Luc. xv 22); c (w. bina, duplex, or gemina, also dist. as prima or secunda). ut ad ‥ gloriam aeternae Trinitatis tertio mererer consecrari, delibutus ‥ sanctificati chrismatis perunctione; primo ‥ accepta ~a lavacri salutaris, secundo ‥ Abbo Edm. 8; ut per resurrectionem circumdetur ~a demutatae carnis Ib. 16; 1044 protoplasti serpentina suasione seducti ~a immortalitatis perdita CD 772; formosus ipse [sponsus] ‥ in ea [forma] quoque quam vino sanguinis sui lavit ~a sua, sicut de eo scriptum est, ‘iste formosus in stola sua’ [Is. lxiii 1] J. Ford Serm. 5. 1; non una gloria contente candissime virginitatis ~as martyrum quoque sanguine rubricaverunt Ib. 6. 4.  b revertenti ‥ occidere consuevit vitulum filio saginatum, et proferre primam erranti ~am et regium anulum Gildas EB 29; gloria ‥ immortalitatis et innocentiae veste ‥. haec est ‥ prima ~a qua ‥ luxuriosus filius per paenitentiam rediens ornatur Bede Luke 468D; 972 (14c) improvida fragilitas hominum ‥ primam immortalitatis ~am lugubriter ammisit CS 1285; tu prodigo post scelera / concordie das federa, / stoleque prime premium J. Howd. Cyth. 6. 12.  c duplex ~a, hinc anime, hinc corporis, speratur. primam ~am, visionem sc. Dei, anime sanctorum exute corporibus mox accipiunt; secundam, que est glorificatio corporis, exspectantes Pull. Sent. 819D; cum date fuerint singulis ~e bine, immortalitas sc. corporis, et anime beatitudo Ailr. Serm. 248D; habebunt singuli sancti geminam ~am Bald. Cant. Serm. 2. 69. 442B; anime que de corporibus exierunt ‥ in tranquilla quiete ~am secundam, id est glorificationem corporis ‥ exspectant P. Blois Serm. 685B; secunda ~a glorie consistit in tribus dotibus anime, que sunt ‥ Spec. Incl. 4. 3.

2 stola, ~um, ~us [ME stol, stoil < AS stol], (app.) tree stump or (part of) trunk (in quot. used in building or repairing a causeway). 1346 merem' et bord' cum sparr': in d de hesterysbord' empt' ‥. in meremio ‥ empt' ‥. in c stoyl' ‥ [j lii xiij s. iiij d.]. item in c stoyl' empt' ‥ pro calceto predicto [xviij s.] Sacr. Ely II 131.

1 stŏla, (13) æ, f. (στολή), ¶ 1 longue robe, stola [pour h. et femmes] : Enn. Scen. 330 ; Varr. d. Non. 537, 29 ; Ov. F. 6, 654 ¶ 2 [en part.] robe des matrones romaines : Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 74 ; Phil. 2, 44 ; Hor. S. 1, 2, 99 || [fig.] femme de haut rang, dame de qualité : Stat. S. 1, 2, 235 ; Plin. 33, 140 || robe des prêtres dʼIsis : Apul. M. 11, 24 || des joueurs de flûte à la fête de Minerve Ov. F. 6, 654.

stola , ae. f.
婦長端衣。烈婦衣裳。領帶。

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stola ae, f

• , στολή, a woman's upper garment, long robe, gown, stole: (Dianae) signum cum stolā: Ad talos stola demissa, H.—Worn by a cithern-player: longa, O.

STOLA

STOLAThe stola was a garment peculiar to the Roman matron, and was worn as a badge of lawful marriage (cf. Val. Max.; Hor. Sat. 1.2, 94). It was a tunica put on over the shift or tunica interior, and reached down to the ankles. There is reason to believe that it was identical with the tunica recta or regilla, which the bride wore at the marriage ceremony (cf. Becker-Göll, Gallus, 2.27). It was bordered below with a flounce or hem called instita (Hor. Sat. 1.2, 29), and seems from certain monuments to have also had a purple stripe as a border round the neck. This has been identified with the patagium, perhaps correctly, though the passages in which it is mentioned speak of the patagium as being of gold (Nonius, p. 540, 4; Tert. de Pallio, 3; TOGA), not purple. It had sleeves, reaching down to the elbows, fastened with a row of clasps, and not sewn. If, however, the tunica interior had sleeves, the stola was without them, as in the wellknown statue. of Livia, shown in the accompanying cut.

Like the corresponding Greek garment, the stola was girded (cf. Ennius, ap. Non. p. 198, et quis illaec est lugubri succincta stola; though this is not conclusive, as is shown below) generally high above the waist, forming a cluster of folds (cf. Martial (Mart. 3.93, 4). This, too, is shown by the monuments on which it appears. The word stola, as derived from the Greek στολή, had originally a quite general meaning (Nonius, p. 537, 24: Stolam veteres non honestam vestem solum sed etiam omnem quae corpus tegeret), and in Ennius it is used of men's as well as women's clothes (Frag. ed. Ribbeck, vv. 285, 287, 345). There is no record of the date at which it was adopted by the Roman women, but one cannot be wrong in connecting the change with the transformation which the PALLAhad undergone. That is to say, when the palla, which was originally worn like the Doric shift, was used as a shawl or mantle, another undergarment besides the tunica interior became necessary, and that adopted by the matrons was the stola. The disuse of the TOGAwhich was in the earliest times worn by women as well as men, is probably not unconnected with this change. However this may be, the longa vestis is mentioned as early as the Second Punic War as the privilege of married women (Macrob. Saturn. 1.6, 13; cf. C. I. L. 1.1194, ita leibertate illei me, hie me decora[r]at stola). It remained in use as the garb of the matronae (Cic. Phil. 2.1. 8, 44;--Varro, L. L. 8, 28; 9, 48; 10, 27) until the time of Tiberius, when it ceased to be fashionable. References to it in literature are, however, none the less frequent in post-Augustan writers (Mart. 1.35, 8, &c.), and in Ulpian it is one of the muliebria vestimenta: quae matris familiae causa sunt comparata (Dig. 34, 2, 23, 2). Under the Empire, as its use in actual life became less common, it was apparently given a symbolic meaning, and bestowed on matrons who had the jus liberorum. Such at least is the most probable explanation of the title stolata femina, which occurs as a name of honour on inscriptions, chiefly of the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D. (Orelli-Henzen, 3030, 7190, note 2; C. I. L. 3.5225, 5283, 6155, p. 998: cf. Hübner, Hermes, 1878, 13. p. 425 seq., and Comm. phil. in hon. Thes. Mommsenii, p. 104 seq.). Such a stola was doubtless distinguished in some way from that in ordinary use. (Marquardt, Privatleben, pp. 60, 573-575, 581; Iwan Miller, Handbuch, pp. 803, 876-77; Becker-Göll, Gallus, 2.27, 3.253; Baumeister, Denkmäler, art. Toga, p. 1841.)

[W.C.F.A]

Stola

The outer garment worn by Roman matrons above the tunica intima or chemise (Petron. 81). It was longer than the body, slit open at the top on either side and fastened together by clasps, while below it was provided with a border (instita) woven on to it, and was gathered up below the breast by a girdle so as to form broad falling folds (rugae). It had either no sleeves or half-sleeves, according as the under-tunic had or had not half-sleeves. For the garb of women unmarried or in disgrace, see toga. Under the Empire the stola fell gradually out of use. After the fourth century A.D. there appears in its stead the dalmatica (q. v.), worn by men and women, which was a kind of tunic with sleeves. In Greek, the corresponding term στολή is used as a general word for any kind of robe, whether for men or for women.