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προλαμβάνω

προλαμβάνω, to take or seize beforehand, prefer, anticipate

προλαμβάνω, fut. -λήψομαι Isoc. 6.16: aor. προὔλαβον:—Pass., v. infr. I.5:—
  • take or receive before, τὴν πόλιν Lys. 26.9 codd.; τὰ χωρία καὶ λιμένας D. 2.9; ἀργύριον π. receive money in advance, Id. 50.14, 35; τὰ ἐφόδια Aeschin. 1.172; τρία τάλαντα παρά τινος Id. 2.166; ἅπαντα ἡμῶν τὰ χωρία D. 3.16, etc.; also π. χάριν E. Ion 914 (lyr.); μισθὸν τῆς ἀγγελίας for the message, Luc. Merc.Cond. 37; γάλα μετὰ μέλιτος IG 42(1).126.15 (Epid., ii A.D.); π. τὴν ἡλικίαν Aeschin. 1.162; π. τὴν αὔξησιν begin their growth before, Thphr. HP 8.1.4:—Pass., to be contained in advance, ἐν τῷ ὄντι ἄρα ζωὴ προείληπται καὶ ὁ νοῦς Procl. Inst. 103.
      • 2 take or seize beforehand, Aeschin. 3.142; τὴν ἀρχήν A.D. Synt. 40.24; ὅσα τῆς πόλεως π. D. 18.26; τοῦτο π., ὅπως σώσομεν provide that . ., Id. 3.2: c. part., προλαβὼν κατεγνωκότας ὑμᾶς having first procured your vote of condemnation, Id. 24.77:—Pass., σῶμα προειλημμένον ὑπὸ νόσου Corp.Herm. 12.3.
        • b get or take as a start, προειλήφασι πολὺν χρόνον have had a long start, PCair.Zen. 60.5 (iii B.C.); π. τῆς νυκτὸς ὁπόσον ἂν δυναίμην Luc. Gall. 1.
      • 3 take in preference, τι πρό τινος S. OC 1141.
      • 4 take away or off before, ἐκ γὰρ οἴκων προὔλαβον μόγις πόδα, μὴ θανεῖν E. Ion 1253.
      • 5 assume in advance, τὴν ὁλότητα προλαβὼν ἐγέννησεν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς τὴν παντότητα Dam. Pr. 253; προειλήφθω . . δισχιλίων σταδίων τὸ βάθος [εἶναι] Plb. 34.6.7.
    • II to be beforehand with, anticipate,
      • 1 c. acc. pers., get the start of, τὰς κύνας X. Cyn. 5.19, v. infr. 3; π. τῷ λόγῳ τινάς D. Prooem. 29; βραχὺν χρόνον π. ἡμᾶς, i.e. in dying, Plu. Cons.Apoll. 2.117e; π. τῇ ῥιζώσει τοὺς χειμῶνας Thphr. HP 8.1.3, cf. CP 3.24.3: c. gen. pers., προλαβών μου ὥστε πρότερος λέγειν D. 45.6; ἵνα μὴ -λημφθῶμεν (i.e. by death) Diog.Oen. 2.
      • 2 c. acc. rei, π. γόους, μαντεύματα, E. Hel. 339 (lyr.), Ion 407; τὸν καιρόν Plb. 9.14.12, cf. Plu. Cam. 34, etc.; τὸν ὄρθρον Luc. Am. 15; of mental anticipation, π. ὡς οὕτως ἔχον πρὶν γινόμενον οὕτως ἰδεῖν Arist. GA 765a28; τὰ συμβησόμενα ταῖς ἐννοίαις Plb. 3.112.7, cf. 3.1.7; τὰ πολλὰ εἰκασίᾳ Luc. Am. 8; π. ὅτι . . Plu. Cons.Apoll. 2.102e, etc.
      • 3 c. gen. spatii, π. τῆς ὁδοῦ get a start on the way, Hdt. 3.105; πολὺ τῆς ὁδοῦ π. Polyaen. 7.29.2 (but just above, π. ὡς πλείστην ὁδὸν τοὺς διώξοντας) ; π. ῥᾳδίως τῆς φυγῆς Th. 4.33; π. τῆς διώξεως get a start of the pursuers, D.S. 16.94: metaph., μύθου προλαβοῦσα speaking first, Philicus in Stud.Ital. 9.44, cf. 46.
        • b generally, π. τῶν κηρύκων anticipate them, Arist. Rh. 1408b24; τοῦ χρόνου π. precede in point of time, Id. Metaph. 1050b5.
      • 4 c. dat. modi, π. τῷ δρόμῳ get a start in running, X. Cyn. 7.7; τῇ διανοίᾳ Arist. Fr. 660; τῇ φυγῇ Plu. Alex. 20, Cic. 47.
      • 5 c. inf., προέλαβε μυρίσαι Ev.Marc. 14.8.
      • 6 detect, ἐν παραπτώματι Ep.Gal. 6.1 (Pass.).
      • 7 anticipate, τι τῶν μελλόντων Ph. 1.620; τὸ μέλλον τοῖς λογισμοῖς D.C. Fr. 54.2.
      • 8 abs., προὔλαβε πολλῷ was far ahead, Th. 7.80, cf. X. Cyn. 6.19, D. 4.31, Plb. 31.15.8; gain an advantage, D. 37.15.
        • b anticipate the event, prejudge, ἐπειδὰν ἅπαντʼ ἀκούσητε κρίνατε, μὴ πρότερον προλαμβάνετε Id. 4.14; οἱ νόμοι προλαβόντες ἐπιμέλονται ὅπως . . by anticipation, X. Cyr. 1.2.3; come before the time, opp. ὑστερίζειν, Gal. 7.353; of corn-buyers, buy earlier, SIG 976.49 (Samos, ii B.C.):— Med., προλαμβάνου Men. 701:—Pass., τὸ προειλημμένον that which is prejudged, Hermog. Stat. 1.
        • c precede, go before, ὁ προλαβὼν βίος his previous life, Arg. 2 D. 22.3; τὰ προλαβόντα what precedes, Procop. Vand. 2.16; ἡ προλαβοῦσα τράπεζα the preceding meal, Lib. Or. 57.24; also τῶν προλαβόντων τὴν μνήμην the memory of the past, Procop.Gaz. Pan. p.495 B.
    • III repeat from the origin, Isoc. 6.16; μικρὸν π. Id. 16.24.
    • IV Philos., form a preconception (cf. πρόληψις), prejudge, οἷα προειλήφαμεν Phld. D. 3.13, cf. Sign. 22:—Med., Id. D. 1.13:— Pass., Id. Oec. p.57 J.

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