Aiax
- I Ajax Telamonius, son of Telamon, who contended with Ulysses for the possession of the arms of Achilles, and, when the former obtained them, became insane and killed himself. From his blood the hyacinth sprang up, Ov. M. 13, 395.—
- II Ajax Oileus, son of Oileus, king of the Locri, who violated Cassandra, Verg. A. 1, 41; Cic. de Or. 2, 66.—
- III The title of an unfinished tragedy of the emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 85.
- 1. zoon v. Telamon uit Salamis; omdat niet hij, maar Odysseus de wapenrusting v. Achilles kreeg, pleegde hij zelfmoord;
- 2. zoon v. Oïleus uit Locris.
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…regem Quippe vetor fatis. Pallasne exurere classem Argivum atque ipsos potuit submergere ponto, unius ob noxam et furias Aiacis Oilei Ipsa, Iovis rapidum iaculata e nubibus ignem, disiecitque rates evertitque aequora ventis, illum expirantem transfixo pectore…
Vergil, Aeneid
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…potuit imitari quid in omnibus monumentis Graeciae, quae sunt verbis ornatiora quam rebus, quis invenitur, cum ab Aiace fabulisque discesseris, qui tamen ipse ignominiae dolore, ut ait poeta, victor insolens se victum non potuit pati…
Cicero, pro Scauro
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…tu contexes extrema cum primis. qui enim M. Antonium oppresserit, is bellum confecerit ; itaque Homerus non Aiacem nec Achillem sed Ulixem appellavit πτολιπόρθιον. Scr. Romae iii Non. Mai. a. . CICERO PLANCO…
Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares
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…utilem vinulentiam ad fortitudinem, utilem etiam dementiam, quod et insani et ebrii multa faciunt saepe vehementius. semper Aiax fortis, fortissimus tamen in furore ; nam Fa cinus fecit ma ximum, cum Da nais inclina ntibus Summa…
M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes
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…aliquid ex historia, ut, cum Sex. Titius se Cassandram esse diceret, multos inquit Antonius possum tuos Aiaces Oileos nominare. Est etiam ex similitudine, quae aut conlationem habet aut tamquam imaginem conlationem, ut ille Gallus…
Cicero, de Oratore
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…augures conveniens et coniuncta constantia ad nostri auguri consuetudinem dixit Ennius tum tonuit laevum bene tempestate serena. At Homericus Aiax apud Achillem querens de ferocitate Troianorum nescio quid hoc modo nuntiat prospera Iuppiter his dextris fulguribus edit. Ita nobis…
M. Tullius Cicero, De Divinatione
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…; premit enim atque instat, nec resisti potest. itaque Oileus ille apud Sophoclem, qui Telamonem antea de Aiacis morte consolatus esset, is cum audivisset de suo, fractus est. de cuius commutata mente sic dicitur Nec…
M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes
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…, quid Cnidios ut venerem marmoream, quid ut pictam Coos, quid Ephesios ut Alexandrum, quid Cyzicenos ut Aiacem aut Medeam, quid Rhodios ut Ialysum, quid Atheniensis ut ex marmore Iacchum aut Paralum pictum aut ex aere…
Cicero, in Verrem
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…, Argo illa facta non esset, nec tamen fuit in his trabibus efficiendi vis necessaria. At cum in Aiacis navim crispisulcans igneum fulmen iniectum est, inflammatur navis necessario. atque etiam est causarum dissimilitudo, quod aliae sunt…
M. Tullius Cicero, Topica
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…, vellem, ut ea quae dico mihi liceret invisere. quanta delectatione autem adficerer, cum Palamedem, cum Aiacem, cum alios iudicio iniquo circumventos convenirem temptarem etiam summi regis, qui maximas copias duxit ad Troiam, et…
M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes
(Αἴας). (1) Son of Telamon, king of Salamis, and grandson of Aeacus. Homer calls him Aiax the Telamonian, Aiax the Great, or simply Aiax, whereas the other Aiax, son of Oïleus, is always distinguished from the former by some epithet. He sailed against Troy in twelve ships, and is represented in the Iliad as second only to Achilles in bravery. In the contest for the armour of Achilles he was conquered by Odysseus, and this, says Homer, was the cause of his death. Later poets relate that his defeat by Odysseus threw him into a state of madness; that he rushed from his tent and slaughtered the sheep of the Greek army, fancying they were his enemies; and that at length he put an end to his own life. From his blood there sprang up a purple flower bearing the letters Ai (Αἰ) on its leaves, which were at once the initials of his name and expressive of a sigh. Homer does not mention his mistress Tecmessa.
(2) Son of Oïleus, king of the Locrians, also called the lesser Aiax, sailed against Troy in forty ships. He is described as small of stature, but skilled in throwing the spear, and, next to Achilles, the most swiftfooted among the Greeks. On his return from Troy his vessel was wrecked; he himself safely reached a rock through the assistance of Poseidon; but, as he boasted that he would escape in defiance of the immortals, Poseidon split the rock with his trident, and Aiax was swallowed up by the sea. This is the account of Homer. Others tell us that the anger of Athené was excited against him because on the night of the capture of Troy he violated Cassandra in the temple of the goddess (Lycophron, 360 with schol.).