antiquus

antiquissimis temporibus
in the earliest times

antīquus, a, um: adj. (ante), done or existing before; pristine, of old, ancient, 1.12; aged, old, 2.714; former, 4.458; illustrious, noble, 12.529.

antīquus, a, um, adj. [a diff. orthog. for anticus, from ante] (of that which is before in time, while anticus denotes that which is before in space; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2223 P.), that has been or has been done before, old, ancient, former (opp. novus, that has not previously existed, new; while vetus, that has existed a long time, is opp. recens, that has not been long in existence, recent; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 21; Lind. ad Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154 (749), and id. Capt. 1, 2, 29 (138); Doed. Syn. IV. p. 82 sq.).

• I Lit.: Juppiter Alcumenam rediget in antiquam concordiam conjugis, to her former harmony with her husband, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 13 (475): hoc timet, Ne tua duritia antiqua illa etiam adaucta sit, thy former severity, Ter. Heaut. 435; so id. Hec. 92; Lucr. 2, 900: causam suscepisti antiquiorem memoriā tuā, Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 25: tres epistulas tuas accepi: igitur antiquissimae cuique respondeo, id. Att. 9, 9: antiquior dies in tuis erat adscripta litteris, quam in Caesaris, an earlier or older date, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 3, 58: Nilus antiquo sua flumina reddidit alveo, Ov. M. 1, 423 et saep.— Hence, subst.
• • A antīqui, ōrum, m., the ancients, esp. the ancient writers (i. e. those whose age has been long past; while veteres denotes those who have lived and acted for a long time): antiquorum auctoritas, Cic. Am. 4, 13; so Hor. S. 1, 4, 117; 2, 2, 89 et saep.: quod decus antiqui summum bonum esse dixerunt, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55: habemus Scaurum in antiquis, id. Brut. 30, 116; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 78 et saep.—And so in gen.: in antiquis est sapientia, Vulg. Job, 12, 12: sapientia omnium antiquorum, ib. Eccli. 39, 1: dictum est antiquis, ib. Matt. 5, 21 al.: facere in antiquum, to restore a thing to its former condition, to place on its old footing, Liv. 33, 40 dub.—Antiquus and vetus are often conjoined: veterem atque antiquam rem (old and antiquated) novam ad vos proferam, Plaut. Am. prol. 118; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154 (749); id. Most. 2, 2, 45 (475); id. Poen. 5, 2, 18 (978); id. Pers. 1, 2, 1 (53); id. Trin. 2, 2, 106 (381); Plin. Ep. 3, 6: vetera tantum et antiqua mirari, Tac. Or. 15: simultas vetus et antiqua, Juv. 15, 53; so id. 6, 21 al.—
  • B an-tīquum, i, n., antiquity, the things of olden times: Nec quicquam antiqui Pico, nisi nomina, restat, Ov. M. 14, 396: novissima et antiqua, Vulg. Psa. 138, 5: antiqua ne intueamini, ib. Isa. 43, 18.—
• II Transf.
• • A Poet., = praeteritus, past, gone by, former: vulnus, Ov. P. 1, 5, 38: vigor, id. Tr. 5, 12, 32: carcer, Luc. 6, 721; Val. Fl. 2, 394.—So often in eccl. Lat.: dies antiqui, Vulg. Deut. 4, 32; ib. Act. 15, 7: anni, ib. Mal. 3, 4: tempora, ib. Act. 15, 21.—
  • B In comp. and sup., that is before or first in rank or importance, more or most celebrated, famous, preferable, or better (antiquior: melior, Non. p. 425, 32): genere antiquior, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 3: quanto antiquius quam etc., Lucil. ib.; Varr. ib.: quod honestius, id mihi est antiquius, Cic. Att. 7, 3: antiquior ei fuit laus et gloria quam regnum, id. Div. 2, 37: antiquiorem mortem turpitudine habere, Auct. Her. 3, 3: neque habui quicquam antiquius quam ut, etc., Cic. Fam. 11, 5: ne quid existimem antiquius, id. Phil. 13, 3: neque prius neque antiquius quicquam habuit, quam ut, etc., Vel. 2, 52; Suet. Claud. 11: judiciorum causam antiquissimam se habiturum dixit, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1: navalis apparatus ei antiquissima cura fuit, id. Att. 10, 8; 12, 5; Liv. 1, 32; cf. id. 9, 31 al.—
  • C With the access. idea of simplicity, purity, innocence, of the old fashion, good, simple, honest, etc. (cf. antiquitas, II. A., and our phrase the good old times): antiquis est adulescens moribus, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 37 (105); cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 20 (295): homo antiquā virtute et fide, Ter. Ad. 442: homines antiqui, qui ex suā naturā ceteros fingerent, people of the old stamp, Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 26: vestigia antiqui officii, id. ib. 10, 27: vide quam sim antiquorum hominum, id. Att. 9, 15: vir sanctus, antiquus, Plin. Ep. 2, 9.—
  • D With the access. idea of veneration, honor, old, venerable, illustrious: antiquum veteres etiam pro nobili posuere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Müll.: terra antiqua potens armis, Verg. A. 1, 531; 3, 164: urbs, id. ib. 11, 540: Longior antiquis visa Maeotis hiems, Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 2: Sabinae, id. Med. 11: Amyclae, id. M. 8, 314. —So, in eccl. Lat., after the Heb., of God: Antiquus Dierum, the Ancient of Days, Vulg. Dan. 7, 9; 7, 13; 7, 22.—
  • E Sometimes = vetus, that has been in existence a long time, old: Athenae, antiquum opulentum oppidum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 470, 5: mos, id. ib. p. 506, 1: amnis, Att. ap. Non. p. 192, 6: hospes, Ter. Phorm. 67 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 82: veterem Anchisen agnoscit amicum); so, amicus, Vulg. Eccli. 9, 14: discipulus, ib. Act. 21, 16: artificium, Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5: genus, Nep. Dat. 2, 2: templa, Hor. S. 2, 2, 104: antiquissima scripta, id. Ep. 2, 1, 28: saxum antiquum (i. e. which for a long time had lain in this place), ingens, etc., Verg. A. 12, 897: ne transfer terminos antiquos, Vulg. Prov. 22, 28 et saep.—Hence, subst.: antīquum, i, n., an old custom or habit.
  • • • a In mal. part.: antiquum hoc obtines tuum, tardus ut sis, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 102 (791). —
      • b In bon. part.: O optume hospes, pol Crito antiquum obtines! Ter. And. 817: Ac tu ecastor morem antiquum atque ingenium obtines, id. Hec. 860.—
• F Aged: antiqua erilis fida custos corporis, Enn. Medea, ap. Non. p. 39, 2 (as a transl. of the Gr. παλαιὸν οἴκων κτῆμα δεσποίνης ἐμῆς): Cives antiqui, amici majorum meūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155: Butes, Verg. A. 9, 647: antiqui Neleïa Nestoris arva, Ov. H. 1, 63; Dig. 50, 3, 1.—Hence, adv.: antīquē and an-tīquĭtŭs (formed from antiquus, as humanitus, divinitus, from humanus, divinus; cf. Prisc. p. 1015).
• I In former times, of old, anciently (only in prose; most freq. in the histt.; never in Cic.). Form antīquĭ-tŭs: Belgas Rhenum antiquitus transductos, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 7, 32: tectum antiquitus constitutum, Nep. Att. 13, 2; Suet. Caes. 42; id. Aug. 60; 94; Vulg. Jos. 11, 10; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8.—Sup.: Titanas in eā antiquissime regnāsse, Sol. 11.—
• II From ancient times; form antīquĭtŭs; sometimes with inde or ab ... ad, Plin. Pan. 31: cum Pythagoras acceptam sine dubio antiquitus opinionem vulgaverit, Quint. 1, 10, 12: jam inde antiquitus insita pertinacia, Liv. 9, 29: hi sunt jam inde antiquitus castellani, etc., id. 34, 27; Plin. Pan. 82, 7: cum (hoc studium) antiquitus usque a Chirone ad nostra tempora apud omnes duraverit, Quint. 1, 10, 30.—
• III In the old way, style, or fashion; form antīquē: nimis antique dicere, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66.—Comp.: simplicius et antiquius permutatione mercium uti, in the simpler and more ancient manner, Tac. G. 5.—Esp., in the good old style, the way or fashion of former times: quanto antiquius, quam facere hoc, fecisse videatis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 426, 3.

antīquus, a, um (andere Schreibart für anticus v. ante), bezeichnet das Vorher im Range u. gew. in der Zeit, während anticus das Vorher im Raume ausdrückt (doch s. unten /), also: I) »was der Geltung nach allem andern vorangeht«, 1) als mathem. t.t., Haupt-, Grund-, numerus, die Grundzahl, vollkommene Zahl, Vitr. 3, 1, 8 (ibid. auch numerus perfectus gen.). – 2) im Compar. u. Superl., was in meinen Augen allem andern der Geltung nach vorangeht, wichtiger, am wichtigsten, höher-, am höchsten stehend, dah. auch was mir mehr am Herzen liegt, angelegentlicher, angelegentlichst, a) Compar.: genere antiquior, Acc. tr. fr.: antiquior in senatu sententiae dicendae locus, höhere, wichtigere Stellung, Vortritt, Cic.: antiquiorem locum hospiti tribuere quam clienti, Gell.: sed ne dubitaris, quin quod honestius id mihi futurum sit antiquius, Cic.: quod mihi est et sanctius et antiquius, Cic.: id antiquius consuli fuit, Liv.: quaedam animā carent, ut saxa; itaque aliquid erit animantibus antiquius, scilicet corpus, Sen.: m. folg. Abl., ut omnes intellegerent nihil sibi antiquius amicitiā nostrā fuisse, Cic.: Claudii genti iam inde ab initio nihil antiquius in re publica patrum maiestate fuit, Liv.: tantā utilitate fides antiquior fuit, Liv.: quid hunc tantā Thebanorum gloriā, tam claro atque exornato tropaeo carius atque antiquius habere convenit? Cic.: quam nihil antiquius communi salute ac libertate iudicarim, Cic.: ne quid vitā existimem antiquius, Cic.: nihil antiquius oppugnatione Cluvianā ratus, Liv. – m. folg. quam, antiquiorem sibi fuisse laudem et gloriam, quam regnum et possessiones suas, Cic.: in armorum ratione antiquior cavendi quam ictum inferendi cura est, Quint.: bes. nec habui quicquam antiquius, quam ut m. Konj., Cic. ep. 11, 5, 1: nihil ei fuisset antiquius quam m. folg. Infin., Cic. ep. 13, 29, 3. Auct. b. Alex. 36, 2: u. multo antiquius est m. folg. Infin., Lucr. 4, 846: u. neque prius neque antiquius quidquam habuit quam m. folg. Infin., Vell. 2, 52, 4: nihil antiquius duxit od. habuit quam m. folg. Infin., Suet. Claud. 11, 1 u. Vesp. 8, 1. – b) Superl.: navalis apparatus ei semper antiquissima cura fuit, Cic.: (causam) antiquissimam se habiturum dixit, Cic.: longe antiquissimum ratus est (hatte nichts Angelegentlicheres zu tun, hielt es für seine erste Pflicht) m. folg. Infin., Liv. 1, 32, 2. – II) »was der Zeit nach vorher gewesen ist«, alt, A) relativ, alt = früher, vormalig, einstig (Ggstz. novus), a) übh.: concordia, die frühere Eintracht, Plaut.: duritia, die frühere, alte Strenge, Ter.: antiquae munitiones, Caes.: morem antiquum atque ingenium obtinere, Ter.: antiquam venustatem suam obtinere, Ter.: antiquior dies, ein früheres, älteres Datum, Cic.: tres epistulas tuas accepi; igitur antiquissimae cuique respondebo, Cic.: causa antiquior memoriā tuā, Cic.: Scipio Africanus antiquior (der ältere), Gell. 4, 18, 1. – subst., fricari ex antiquo (nach der alten Sitte), Plaut.: antiquum obtinere, die alte Art od. Sitte beibehalten, Komik. (vgl. Lorenz Plaut. Most. 776. die Auslgg. zu Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 22): nec in antiquius citeriusve procedere, sich weder jenseit noch diesseit dieses Zeitraums erstrecken, Vell. 1, 17, 2: verum tamen antiqua (das Alte) neglegemus, Cic. har. resp. 32: studiose antiqua (Beispiele aus der alten Zeit) persequi, Cic. de fin. 1, 36 (u. so Liv. 9, 34, 14. Sen. de ira 3, 18, 2): nam illa nimis antiqua (die in allzuferner Zeit liegenden Fälle) praetereo, Cic. Cat. 1, 3. – dicht. übh. = früher, vergangen, hiemes, vulnus, Ov.: carcer, Lucan.; vgl. Burm. Ov. trist. 3, 9, 12. Becker Eleg. Rom. p. 73. – b) insbes., mit dem Nebenbegr. des Einfachen, Reinen, Unschuldigen, alt = von altem Schlage, von altem Schrot u. Korn, schlicht, bieder von Gesinnung, antiqui moris, Tac.: antiquis esse moribus, Plaut.: cives antiquā virtute ac fide, Ter.: antiqui homines, Cic.: antiquae artes tuae, Plaut.: antiqui impetus (altbiedere Aufwallungen), Tac. – B) absol., was seit der Vorzeit od. wenigstens seit langer Zeit besteht od. üblich ist, alt, uralt, vorzeitlich, langjährig (Ggstz. recens), u. mit Lob = altehrwürdig, altheilig, vicinus tuus, Comic. vet. fr.: hospes, Ter.: nemo est mihi te amicus antiquior, Cic.: tuus antiquissimus amicus, Cic.: antiquus Butes, der langjährige (treue) Diener, Verg.: deus (Götterbildsäule) antiquo opere factus, Cic.: templa, Hor.: quercus, Suet.: genus, Nep.: antiquissima scripta, Hor.: antiquissimum tempus, Caes.: antiqui, antiquiores medici, Cels.: u. als Beiw. von Städten usw., urbs, terra, Verg.: Helerni, Ov.; vgl. Thiel Verg. Aen. 1, 12. p. 14. – subst.: α) antīquī, ōrum, m., die Alten, Altvordern, die Leute der Vorzeit, die Schriftsteller-, Staatsmänner-, Ärzte der Vorzeit (Ggstz. recentiores), Cic., Vell., Cels. u.a. – β) antīqua, ōrum, n., das Alte, das Altertum, das Vorzeitliche, die Vorzeit, quid antiqua perscrutor? Sen. de ira 3, 18, 3: verb. vetera tantum et antiqua mirari, Tac. dial. 15. – ➳ In Hdschrn. u. Ausgg. auch anticus geschr., zB. vates anticus, Liv. 45, 27, 10: anticum consortium, Gell. 1, 9, 12. Vgl. Georges, Lexikon der lat. Wortf. S. 52.

antiquus [CL] 1 ancient, of long ago. b (sb. n. w. ab or ex) from of old. cum ‥ in ~um chaos omnia redire cogerentur Aldh. VirgP 29 p. 267; antiquae cum narret littera legis Id. VirgV 244; ~os diversarum gentium populos Bede TR 37; Augustinus ‥ recuperavit ‥ ecclesiam quam inibi ~o Romanorum fidelium opere factam fuisse didicerat Id. HE I 33; miraculum memorabile et ~orum simile Ib. V 12; ~a tempora majori innocentia ‥ laudabilia Gir. TH II 24; memor dierum ~orum Wals. YN prol. 4.  b s1174 castellum ab ~o constructum sed tunc temporis dirutum reedificavit Diceto YH 379; 1240 inquirat ‥ si ‥ ab ~o ita feoffati fuerint KR Mem 18 r. 15d.; 1407 cum ‥ teneantur ab ~o ‥ in annua pensione Lit. Cant. III 99; 1434 cum omnibus ‥ commoditatibus eidem debitis et ex ~o consuetis Cl 284 m. 7d.; 1508 cum villanis eisdem terris ‥ ab ~o spectantibus Cl 374 m. 3d.. 2 (sb. m. pl.) the Ancients (esp. w. reference to Classical times). b logicians writing before the discovery of Aristotle’s Analytics and Topics (cf.GLA II 116). ~issimi non ‘vetus’ sed ‘veter’ protulere, ut Ennius Aldh. PR 134; prout vel ex litteris ~orum vel ex traditione majorum ‥ scire potui Bede HE V 24; laudabili ~orum industria Gir. TH III intr. p. 138.  b nec dedignatus sum modernorum proferre sententias, quos ~is in plerisque preferre non dubito J. Sal. Met. 825A (cf. Gir. GE II 37: de logicis disputationibus ~is et modernis earumque comparatione). 3 old established or previous: a (of assessments or sim.); b (of custom or tenure; v. et. dominicum); c (w. ecclesia) mother church. a 1269 secundum ~am taxacionem (Pat 87 m. 23d.) Val. Norw. 80n; 1296 reddendo per annum ~am firmam Hal. Durh. 4; 1404 proficua ~e custume lanarum RParl III 528b; 1433 in contribucione ~a assignata ad fabricam magni campanilis Ac. Durh. 232; a1400 faciendo servicia ~a pro predicto ‥ cotagio (CourtR Wilburton) EHR IX 438.  b ~a lex Anglorum fuit [AS: hit wæs hwilum on Engla lagum] (Inst. Cnut.) GAS 457; 1166 debeo ‥ servicium dim. militis ‥ de ~o tenemento a conquestu Anglie RBExch 400 (cf. EHR VII 13); 1215 exceptis piscationibus ‥ quas alii habent ex ~a tenura Cl 219a; 1275 dicunt ‥ quod Rex Adelstanus aliquando tenuit manerium de Axemue in manu sua de ~o dominico regis Hund. I 63; 1276 de terris tenencium de ~o dominico corone Ib. 12.  c omnes decime reddantur ~is ecclesiis [AS: pam ealdan mynstre] ad quas juste parrochiani pertinent (Inst. Cnut.) GAS 197 (cf. (Quad.) ib.: ad matrem ecclesiam). 4 inveterate (med.). b (w. hostis or sim.) the Devil. in ‥ pocionibus contra tussim ~am Alph. 138.  b ~us humani generis grassator Aldh. VirgP 32 p. 271; nostram gentem ‥ de dentibus ~i hostis eripiens Bede HE II 1 p. 78; Deus qui ‥ unicum filium tuum ‥ de hoste ~o triumphare fecisti (Duellum) GAS 430; 1220 versucias hostis ~i Lit. Cant. III 26. 5 aged. b (compar.) senior. c (compar. as sb. m.) elder. de melioribus et ~is hominibus totius comitatus DB I 44b; 1166 extra comitatum nisi v milites, sicut ~i testantur RBExch 274; armiger antiquus, leporarius, istrio, rethor, / Thais, venator, viles numerantur ubique D. Bec. 1299; mimus ‥ cecus et ~us effectus Latin Stories 127; 1412 ~i, qui ‥ ex causa excusande libidinis ‥ copulantur adinvicem, non vere matrimonialiter copulantur Conc. III 345; 1431 lego ‥ antico servienti meo v m. Reg. Cant. II 439.  b c1095 in curia regis Willelmi ~ioris Regesta p. 137; 12‥ petet dyaconus benedictionem a conservatore, si presens fuerit, vel ab ~iore episcopo, si sit absens Conc. Scot. II 4; 1429 domine Murielle ducisse Albanie ~iori ExchScot 466.  c 1228 audivit ab ~ioribus quod omnia spectant ad episcopum Feod. Durh. 226; 1428 ad declaracionem faciendam per ~iores de clero Conc. Scot. II 77.

antīquus, (7) a, um (ante), ¶ 1 [sens local « celui qui est avant » conservé au compar. et au superl. métaphoriquement] plus important, le plus important : nihil vita antiquius existimare Cic. Phil. 13, 6, ne rien mettre avant (au-dessus) de la vie, cf. Off. 1, 155 ; Inv. 2, 143 ; antiquiorem sibi fuisse possessionibus suis gloriam Cic. Div. 1, 27, [il disait] quʼil avait préféré la gloire à tous ses domaines || nihil antiquius habere quam ut... Cic. Fam. 11, 5, 1, nʼavoir rien de plus à cœur (de plus pressant) que de... ; nihil antiquius duxit quam... eximere Suet. Claud. 11, il nʼeut rien de plus à cœur que dʼenlever...; longe antiquissimum ratus sacra publica facere Liv. 1, 32, 2, estimant que le devoir de beaucoup le plus pressant était dʼaccomplir les sacrifices publics ¶ 2 [sens temporel] dʼautrefois, dʼauparavant, précédent : in antiquum locum honoris restitutus Cæs. G. 1, 18, 8, rétabli dans son ancien rang ; Diana in suis antiquis sedibus reponitur Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 74, on replace Diane dans son ancienne demeure ¶ 3 qui appartient aux temps dʼautrefois (au passé), ancien, antique : (deus) antiquo artificio factus Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 14, (statue dʼun dieu) dʼun art ancien ; antiqua philosophia Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, la philosophie antique [avant Socrate] ; Xenophanes paulo antiquior Cic. Ac. 2, 118, Xénophane un peu plus ancien ; antiqui, les anciens : Cic. Or. 218, etc. || [avec idée dʼéloge] antiqua religio Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, les scrupules dʼautrefois ; homines antiqui Cic. Amer. 26, ces gens dʼun caractère antique || [sens péjoratif] antiquior est hujus sermo Cic. Br. 68, son style a un caractère trop antique ¶ 4 qui remonte loin dans le passé : antiquum signum, templum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46 ; 2, 1, 47, statue ancienne, temple antique ; antiquus amicus Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 2, vieil ami ; tuus antiquissimus amicus Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 148, un de tes plus anciens amis ; ludi antiquissimi Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 36, les jeux qui remontent le plus loin dans le passé ; simulacrum multo antiquissimum Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 109, statue de beaucoup la plus antique.

➳ anticus Varro R. 1, 13, 6 ; 2, 11, 11 ; 3, 12, 1 ; Pl. *Bacch. 711 ; Liv. 38, 17, 20 ; 43, 13, 2.

antiquus , a, um. adj. c. s.
古者。人 者。善。

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antiquus , a, um. adj. c. s.
古者。人 者。善。老誠。聖者。Homo — vel antiqui officii 古風之士。Antiquissimum habeo 吾甚念此。 Antiqui mores 淳風。好風俗。

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antīquus (-īcus) adj.with comp.and sup.

• ante, ancient, former, of old times: tua duritia, former severity, T.: causa antiquior memoriā tuā: patria, L.: urbs, V.: antiquae leges et mortuae. —Plurm. as subst, the ancients, ancient writers: antiquorum auctoritas: traditus ab antiquis mos, H.—Old, long in existence, aged: hospes, T.: genus, N.: Graiorum antiquissima scripta, H.: antiquissimum quodque tempus spectare, i. e. longestablished rights, Cs.: antiquum obtinere, to hold fast an old custom, T.: morem antiquum obtines, T.— Fig., old, venerable, reverend, authoritative: fanum Iunonis: templa deum, H.: longe antiquissimum ratus sacra facere, etc., a most venerable custom, L.: antiquior alia causa (amicitiae), more original.—Old-fashioned: (cives) antiquā virtute, T.: homines: vestigia antiqui officii. — Comp, more desirable, preferable: ne quid vitā existimem antiquius: antiquior ei fuit gloria quam regnum: id antiquius consuli fuit, was of more pressing importance, L.